爱上海龙凤419论坛-上海后花园论坛-夜上海最新论坛-上海品茶工作室

　　[Car History] When it comes to its classic models, I’m afraid there is no one who doesn’t know the name except the familiar ones. The Beatles laid a solid foundation for the Volkswagen brand, and Dave became the spiritual and material double pillar of the Volkswagen Group. Just like the popular saying that "with golf (), there will be all models of the public", golf has become synonymous with the public. Since its birth in 1974, after 39 years of development, today’s golf has evolved into the seventh generation. Although most people have already memorized the history of golf, it doesn’t prevent you from revisiting the legendary development history of this Volkswagen classic model again, and maybe you can gain something new.

The background of golf: replacing the exhausted Beetle (Volkswagen EA-276 prototype)

　　Although the Beetle has brought great honor and benefits to the public, it has not changed much since it was officially born in 1938. At the end of 1960s, the sales volume of the Beetle dropped sharply. Volkswagen knew that the exhausted Beetle could not meet the people’s demand for the "national car" in terms of technology and the utilization of the interior space, and the successor to develop the "national car" was officially put on the agenda. In 1969, two prototypes, EA-266 and EA-276, were born one after another. Because EA-266 was placed in the lower rear seat, it was quickly eliminated by the noise and smell from the engine, while EA-276 with layout was successfully promoted. The car was equipped with a 1.5-liter horizontally opposed four-cylinder engine with 44 horsepower, and its square shape was probably not very pleasing. This is the prototype of Volkswagen Golf.

Note: Many people mistakenly think that the name of Golf comes from Golf. In fact, the naming method of Golf follows the consistent style of Volkswagen, that is, many of its models are named after the wind, as we know, Santana and others, and Golf comes from a warm current in the Gulf of Mexico.

The First Generation Golf Mk1(Typ 17)——1974-1983
Classic, the first "hatchback"

　　In May 1974, the first generation of golf officially entered people’s sight. Compared with the slightly rigid shape of EA-276 prototype, the "origami" design concept put forward by Italian car designer Giorgetto endowed the first generation of golf with an indelible classic shape. Maybe you don’t like its square-headed, square-brained shape, but when you look at it again today, you will find that this simple line is so intriguing. The whole plastic air intake grille is inlaid with two round headlights, and the front bumper hanging on the front of the car is shaped like a chopstick. Although it is a new "national car", chrome decoration is still full of air intake grille, bumper edge and body waist line. (Click to enter the biography of Giorgetto, the master of automobile design)

　　The first generation golf adopted the same hatchback shape as the prototype EA-276, and the concept of "hatchback" was first applied by golf and introduced into the field of automobile design. Compared with the prototype, the angle of the trunk cover of golf is more inclined. "Chopsticks" are always a pair, not one. Except for the turn signals on both sides of the front bumper, the front and rear bumpers are strikingly similar in size and shape, and the prominent wheel eyebrows make their simple shape have a sense of hierarchy. The first generation of golf is divided into two types: two-door hatchback and four-door hatchback. Taking the golf hatchback version as an example, its vehicle size is 3705mm long, 1610mm wide, 1395mm high and 2400mm high, and its weight is only 790kg.

　　The interior design of the first generation golf seems a bit too simple as its modeling. The Volkswagen "Wolfsburg" logo was placed in the center of the two-spoke steering wheel. The left side of the double-barrel instrument panel was not a tachometer, but a "disguised" clock. The water temperature and fuel gauge were located at 12 o’clock and 6 o’clock respectively, and the right side was a speedometer. The only thing that can make people shine in the car is the silver plaque on the center console. A large area under the T-shaped area of the center console has been ruthlessly wasted. Interestingly, the gear sign is placed above the cigarette lighter near the co-pilot’s side. For beginners, this design will inevitably make people crazy.

　　The first generation of golf adopts the structure of front and back half. Compared with the previous "national car" Beetle, golf has been greatly improved in maneuverability and practicality. The configuration of the first generation golf can only be considered enough. All you can see in the car are simple and practical configurations such as radio, air conditioner and hand-cranked window. In addition, Volkswagen also equipped the first generation of golf with front wheel disc brake system and rear wheel drum brake system. These configurations may not be worth mentioning at present, but as the successor of the Beatles, the overall quality of golf is still satisfactory.

　　In terms of power, the first-generation golf, which was originally launched, was only equipped with a 1.1-liter inline four-cylinder engine, with a maximum of 50 horsepower and a maximum of 78 N m. Since then, Volkswagen has successively launched golf models with 1.3 liters, 1.5 liters, 1.6 liters, 1.7 liters, 1.5 liters and 1.6 liters. Among them, the 1.6-liter inline four-cylinder gasoline engine has a maximum power of 86 HP (63kW)/5600rpm and a maximum torque of 127 N m/3200 rpm, which is matched with the engine at 4, 5 and 3 speeds.

　　In March, 1975, the first generation of sports golf model-Golf GTI appeared, and it was officially listed in June, 1976. The first generation of GTI also has two models, three-door and five-door hatchback, for consumers to choose from. The original intention of GTI is to let consumers enjoy driving even if they buy economical cars. In order to be different from ordinary golf, GTI, as a sports model, has made some optimization in appearance details, the most obvious of which is a circle of red decorative lines on the periphery of the front air intake grille, with a black Volkswagen logo in the center, the "GTI" on the side is particularly conspicuous, and the front and rear bumpers are also chrome-plated. At the same time, the plastic black spoiler under the front of the car complements the black wheel eyebrows, which further highlights the exclusive sense of GTI.

　　Volkswagen has rendered the sporty atmosphere of the first generation GTI interior to the extreme. The monotonous two-spoke steering wheel on the regular version was replaced by a three-spoke competitive steering wheel with the logo of Wolfsburg. What about the clock on the left side of the original dashboard? For GTI, which pursues sports, the tachometer is more pragmatic. In order not to destroy the overall color of the interior, the silver center console panel has also been changed to black. Before, the sealed part under the center console was changed into a storage space. The oil temperature gauge on the left side below also reminds you at all times that this is a sporty car, and the forgotten clock is placed on the right side of the oil temperature gauge. The most exciting thing for fans is the Golf ball-shaped stopper. Is this to match the name of Golf? Who cares! What fans are after is an excellent feel.

　　A sporty appearance alone is definitely not enough for fans to pay for it willingly. The first generation GTI is equipped with a 1.6-liter inline four-cylinder naturally aspirated fuel injection engine, with a maximum power of 110 HP (81 kW)/6,100 rpm and a maximum torque of 140 N m/5,000 rpm. For a GTI weighing only 810kg, its acceleration time of 0-100km/h is only 9.2. Low vehicle weight, solid chassis and strong power make GTI known as "". With the success of the first generation of golf GTI, other manufacturers have also launched their own "small steel cannon" models, and golf has once again become the leader of the new trend in the industry.

　　The original intention of Volkswagen to launch golf GTI is only to participate in the competition. Volkswagen originally planned to produce 5,000 golf GTIs to meet the qualification of production cars stipulated by the competition. I never thought that the first generation of golf GTI would be sought after by fans as soon as it was launched, so Volkswagen continued to increase production to meet the market demand for this "small steel gun". Since its birth in 1975, the first generation of golf GTI has produced about 530,000 sets, which has since established GTI’s unshakable position.

　　As the sales of the first generation of golf are rising, it has increased the confidence of the public in developing new models. In 1979, the golf convertible version derived from the first generation of golf was officially unveiled. The birth of the golf convertible made people realize that the original economical car can be so romantic. The first-generation golf convertible version uses a soft-top convertible that can be folded manually, and the horizontal position of B-pillar can effectively increase the strength of the whole vehicle. Volkswagen has made some modifications to the front and rear bumpers of the first-generation golf convertible version, and the black plastic decoration added to the rear license plate position makes the rear of the car look less monotonous.

　　In 1975, Volkswagen introduced the first generation of Golf to the North American market and assembled it in the Volkswagen westmorland factory in the United States. The American version was named Rabbit instead of Golf. In order to comply with safety regulations, Rabbit has adopted an "extended" bumper, which is also a major feature of European models entering the North American market. Due to the use of soft suspension and too cheap materials, the quality of Rabbit is extremely unstable, which also makes the German public angry. In 1980, North American Volkswagen introduced a modified model of Rabbit, which changed the original round headlights into a square style, while the convertible version of Rabbit still used round headlights.

　　In 1981, Volkswagen launched the Rabbit version, a derivative model of Rabbit. The car adopts a double-door design, and the wheelbase is lengthened and then equipped with a rear cargo compartment. If you are used to the ordinary version of the car and look at the pickup version, you will find it very different. The dimensions of the Rabbit pickup truck version are 4380mm long, 1640mm wide, 1490mm high and 2625mm wheelbase. In 1983, Volkswagen introduced Rabbit GTI. Unlike Golf GTI, Rabbit GTI equipped with a 1.8-liter inline four-cylinder engine has only 91 horsepower (67kW), which obviously does not meet the definition of "small steel gun". Rabbit GTI exported to Canada is all made in Germany, equipped with a 110 HP (82kW) 1.8-liter inline four-cylinder engine.

　　In 1983, Volkswagen introduced the first generation of small modified golf models. The most striking feature of the modified golf is the "four-eye" headlights, which are more full in taillight style and more in line with the trend at that time. Interestingly, the first generation of golf convertible was not modified until 1988. Except for the four-round headlights, the new bumper with the same color as the car body is more full, and the application of side skirts makes the visual effect of the whole car lower. Many improvements have made the modified golf convertible look energetic.

　　Compared with the North American version of golf, the South African version of golf-Volkswagen Citi is even more "wonderful". The car has three power combinations, namely 86 horsepower 1.4 liters, 102 horsepower 1.6 liters and 124 horsepower 1.8 liters in-line four-cylinder engines. From 1984 to 2009, it was officially discontinued. After repeated "face-lifting" production, although the interior design of Volkswagen Citi keeps pace with the times, its appearance will always maintain the original essence of the first generation of golf, and the Rabbit pickup truck model in North America market was named Caddy for production in South Africa. During the 25-year production cycle, a total of 377,484 Volkswagen Citi rolled off the production line. In Mexico, the first generation of golf was named Caribe for sale. From its birth in 1974 to its discontinuation in 1983 (Citi didn’t discontinue production until 2009), the first generation of golf sold a total of 6,780,050 sets worldwide. Such impressive sales laid a solid foundation for its future development, and the new "national car" also gained a firm foothold.

On January 10th, the financial sector reported that Foton Motor announced that in order to effectively prevent, timely control and resolve the financial business risks of the company and its holding subsidiaries in BAIC Group Finance Co., Ltd. and ensure the safety and liquidity of funds, the financial business risk disposal plan was formulated. The financial business risks in the plan include deposit risk, credit risk of financial companies, compliance operation risk and reputation risk. The Company has set up a leading group for financial risk prevention and disposal, which is responsible for the prevention and disposal of the risks of funds associated with the Company and financial companies. The leading group is headed by the chairman of the company, with the chief financial officer as the deputy head. Other members include the secretary of the board of directors, the heads of the financial planning department, the audit department, the legal department and the financial management department. The office of the leading group is located in the financial planning department, with the company’s chief financial officer as the office director and the chief financial planning officer as the deputy director, responsible for timely monitoring and evaluating the financial company’s business qualifications, business and risk status, and starting the emergency response plan according to the emerging risk status.

The recent Guangdong has puzzled the friends.

Look at the red feather shirt, thinking it’s still autumn.

Seeing the fog, I thought it was spring.

Look at the plum blossoms in full bloom, a scene of winter.

Look at the sunshine, it’s so hot that long sleeves are rolled into short sleeves.

Shuttle freely in spring, summer, autumn and winter

Guangdong goes online in rainy and foggy days

"Back to Nantian" came early?

According to the forecast of Guangdong meteorological department on January 8,

Affected by weak cold air with precipitation

From now until the 11 th, Guangdong may appear

The effect of "false return to the south sky" in clouds and fog

But this weather effect is not a warm and humid air counterattack.

Cause that dew point temperature of the air to be higher than the ground temperature.

So it’s not really "going back to the south"

Rainy and foggy weather may lead to poor visibility.

Pay attention to traffic safety.

It is estimated that due to the supplement of weak cold air, the temperature in the whole province will drop slightly again from today to 11, and it will be cold in the morning and evening.

Cold air arrival

What will the weather be like in Foshan in the future?

Today, weak cold comes as promised.

There will still be cold air supplement in the next two days.

Mainly cloudy

It’s cold in the morning and evening and warm in the daytime.

I suggest you dress in onion style.

Specific weather forecast in Foshan

January 11th: cloudy and cloudy, 14℃ ~ 22℃;

January 12: cloudy, 15℃ ~ 24℃;

January 13th: cloudy and cloudy with light rain locally, 14℃ ~ 21℃;

January 14th: cloudy with scattered light rain, 14℃ ~ 20℃;

January 15th: It will be cloudy and sunny, 15℃ ~ 24℃.

Weak cold air is active

Guangdong maintains cool and warm weather for a while.

The temperature rises and falls

People’s thermoregulation function is difficult to adapt.

It is necessary to strengthen warm-keeping measures and maintain a healthy diet.

Don’t let the flu take advantage of it

The best time to watch mercury

Mercury will welcome the first westward distance in 2024.

As the innermost planet in the solar system, Mercury will have seven large distances this year, of which the first large distance to the west appears on January 12th, and the 13th is the best time to watch Mercury in Foshan from 6: 26 to 46. If the weather is fine, citizens can look for the beautiful figure of Mercury with their naked eyes or binoculars at low altitude to the east during this time.

Original title: "Back to Nantian" is coming? The Meteorological Observatory responded … You can still see this star in fine weather! 》

Read the original text

　　Recently, the clothing brand "DSP" short down jacket founded by Joker Xue was notified and publicized by Shanghai State Administration for Market Regulation due to the unqualified filler. As soon as this matter came out, it caused widespread discussion in society. This incident is not only a simple quality problem, but also exposes the lack of responsibility behind the cross-border operation of stars-some stars enjoy the economic benefits brought by the "halo", but ignore the product quality and consumer rights, losing their basic responsibilities and bottom line as merchants.

　　In recent years, with the rejuvenation of the consumer market, it is not uncommon for stars to create their own brands across borders, and various "street brands" are also emerging one after another. The business logic behind it is obvious-stars, as public figures, have a high reputation and a huge fan base. Their "aura" undoubtedly brings huge traffic and attention to the business fields they are involved in, and fans often spend a lot of money out of their love for stars and are willing to pay for them.

　　Consumers believe in stars and love to spend, and stars should give back to consumers with better quality and service. However, in reality, from the clothing industry to the catering industry, star brands often "roll over". Star entrepreneurship should have been a beautiful thing of "two-way trip". Why is it always "opposite"? The reason is that some stars only enjoy the "halo" bonus blindly, but lack the sense of responsibility; Pursue economic benefits blindly and ignore quality problems. However, it must be understood that ordinary businesses still have to bear the responsibility to consumers, let alone stars who eat the "halo" welfare. While playing the signboard of a star, while doing immoral activities, how can what you do not make consumers feel chilling?

　　The market needs industry norms, and stars should take responsibility. This requires them not only to pay attention to commercial interests, but also to the rights and welfare of consumers. In all aspects of production and sales, stars should actively participate in and supervise to ensure the quality and safety of products; When problems arise, stars should be brave enough to take responsibility and take timely measures to solve them, instead of trying to escape or shirk their responsibilities. In short, in cross-border operations, stars should not only be spokesmen of brands, but also be good image shapers of brands, and should have long-term vision and social responsibility. Only by taking a long-term view can we be stable and far-reaching. Focusing on "petty profits" and ignoring the rights and interests of consumers is tantamount to playing with fire and setting ourselves on fire.

　　The unqualified sampling inspection of down jackets in Joker Xue is a wake-up call, reminding the stars that while enjoying the aura, they should also assume their due social responsibilities and obligations. Only by providing consumers with truly valuable products and services can we truly achieve a win-win situation of commercial value and social value.

　　CCTV News:Pay attention to the weather during the New Year holiday. According to the news of China Meteorological Bureau yesterday, during the New Year’s Day holiday in 2018 (December 30 to January 1), most parts of the country are mainly sunny and suitable for travel; There will be rain and snow in parts of the northeast and southwest, and strong winds and cooling may occur in the central and eastern regions due to the influence of cold air.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that during the New Year’s Day holiday in 2018, most parts of the country will be mainly sunny and suitable for travel; There will be rain and snow in parts of the northeast and southwest, and strong winds and cooling may occur in the central and eastern regions due to the influence of cold air.

　　During the period, on the 30th, due to the influence of cold air, the temperature dropped by 4 ~ 8℃ from west to east and from north to south in eastern China, and it was 10℃ in some areas. There are 4 ~ 6 northerly winds in the Yangtze River and most of its northern areas; From 31st to 1st January, there was light snow in the eastern and northeastern parts of Inner Mongolia, with moderate to heavy snow in the eastern part of Northeast China. There is light rain (light snow at high altitude) in southwest China, western South China and western Jiangnan, and precipitation is scarce in most other areas.

　　Cold air strikes: the smog in Huanghuai, North China will improve, and there is moderate to heavy snow in the northeast.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that the foggy and hazy weather in North China, Huanghuai and other places will be the heaviest in this round on the 29th.The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a foggy orange warning at 6: 00. On the 30th, affected by cold air, the air quality began to improve. As the cold air continues to move southward, the areas with high temperature in China will gradually return to normal level.

　　When cold air strikes, the smog will gradually weaken from north to south.

　　This morning, some parts of Beijing were caught in heavy fog, with low visibility, and some expressways were closed for a time. In Shandong, at 6 o’clock this morning, the Shandong Meteorological Observatory issued a foggy red warning. In some areas of Liaocheng, Dezhou, Binzhou, Dongying, Jinan, Zibo, Weifang, Jining, Zaozhuang and Rizhao, the visibility is less than 50 meters.Affected by bad weather, as of 9: 00 am, more than 300 toll stations of G2 Beijing-Shanghai Expressway, G20 Qingyin Expressway and other expressways were temporarily closed.

　　In addition, from the morning of the 29th to the 30th, the atmospheric diffusion conditions in central and southern North China, Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan and Sichuan Basin were poor, with mild to moderate haze, with severe haze in central and southern North China, central and western Huanghuai and Jianghan. Since the 30th, the North China Plain, Huanghuai and other places have been affected by cold air, and the atmospheric diffusion conditions have gradually improved.Haze weather gradually weakens and dissipates from north to south, but due to the influence of upstream transportation, haze will be aggravated in parts of Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan and northern Jiangnan.

　　Meteorologists reminded that due to the fog and haze weather,If the public has a travel plan, it is necessary to plan the driving route in advance and check the accessible sections. The public should wear masks and hats when going out. Try to minimize outdoor sports and exercise in haze weather. Wash your face in time after returning home and wash your mouth and nose with normal saline. In some areas, visibility is low due to fog. When driving, you need to turn on fog lights, slow down and pay attention to pedestrians.

　　Tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, there will be heavy snow in eastern Jilin and precipitation in southern Jilin will end, and the temperature will drop.

　　On the 27th, due to the influence of cold air, there were heavy snowstorms along the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang. Monitoring shows that at 8: 00 am on the 28th, the snow has reached 36 cm. In addition, snowflakes also appear in western Qinghai and eastern Liaoning.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that there will be light snow or sleet in northwestern Xinjiang, central and eastern Qinghai, northern Sichuan Plateau and central Shandong from 08: 00 on December 29 to 08: 00 on December 30. There are small to moderate rains in the eastern part of Southwest China, western Jiangnan, western South China, central and eastern Hainan Island and parts of Taiwan Province.

　　Tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, there will be a large range of snowfall in eastern Inner Mongolia, Jilin and Heilongjiang, especially in eastern Jilin.For the snow-poor area of Beijing, Tianjin and Liaoning, there is still basically no possibility of snowfall in this cold air activity. With the southward movement of cold air, it will still be rainy in Jiangnan and western South China tomorrow, but the intensity is generally not strong, mainly light rain, with moderate rain in the local area. It will generally clear up the day after tomorrow, but the air will become dry again.

　　Meteorologists reminded that,There will be snowfall in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and other places tomorrow and the day after tomorrow. The public should be careful about road snow and ice, and be careful when crossing the road. Affected by cold air, the temperature in most parts of the country will drop again. The public should pay attention to cold and warmth, and be careful of catching a cold.