Sheep heard that Liu Yifei, a fairy elder sister who hasn’t appeared for a long time, recently went down to earth to fight fish as a female anchor? !

Not only Liu Yifei, but also actresses from Tong Liya, Fan Bingbing, Tang Yan and Yang Mi. Is it against the sky to fight fish?

The sheep was shocked at first, and then found that something was wrong. Do you think that these pictures of Sister Tianxian have become like a net red, without her original recognition?

Do you still remember the "Athena Chu’s Yang Mi" which was popular all over the network a while ago?

At first glance, I was shocked to see this group of moving sheep. Yang Mi once played such a smart and delicate Huang Rong? How come I’ve never seen this play released? It must be more popular than to the sky kingdom.

But in fact, this is just an image synthesized by bilibili UP using AI technology, which replaces Athena Chu’s five senses in The Legend of the Condor Heroes with Yang Mi’s.

Because the effect is so realistic, it caused a sensation on the Internet, and the topic has reached more than 100 million readings in Weibo. Then there was."Athena Chu becomes Yang Mi, with a flow of 100 million."The statement.

So later, there was the Yang Mi version of Zhao Min. Is this effect enough to confuse the real with the fake?

There are nine points in the expression of looking up, eyes hanging down and eyes flowing. Can you tell who is who if you don’t take a close look at the five senses?

Not only is the face close-up, but even this video with great dance movements can accurately capture the face and put on the five senses, and it looks like Yang Mi himself jumped.

Seeing this, I don’t think you have to say that you all understand. At the beginning of the article, the female stars who are fighting fish as female anchors are all synthesized by using AI technology.

The female anchor’s real body is a new betta fish sister, Leng.

Before, in order to gather popularity, A Leng had disappeared for a month, and it was suspected that he had double eyelids.

However, compared with AI face-changing female stars, the popularity is only a few hundred Ti mo Feng.

This seemingly fate-changing technology actually does not require much superb code skills, nor does it have to be done by top programmers with bright brains.

AI face-changing technology originated from deepfake abroad, which has been popular abroad for one year, and has also caused heated discussion in Reddit forum, and has just been introduced to China recently.

In January last year, someone directly launched the Windows program FakeApp. You don’t even need to make a model of deepfake. You only need an Nvidia GPU personal computer, 3~4GB of storage space, and even AI knowledge. You can make the face-changing video above.

In fact, we have seen the predecessor of this technology for a long time and have used it in various American special effects blockbusters.

In that year’s "Speed and furious 7", after Paul Walker’s accidental death, his shots were originally replaced by two younger brothers, and the dynamic capture and CGI animation were used to bring him back to the film, giving the audience a happy ending.

With the gradual maturity of technology, face replacement is nothing new.

Just two days ago, the first female host of AI synthesis had been on duty to broadcast, except that her voice was a bit like mechanical words jumping out, and there was not much difference between her face and real people.

AI anchors can work on all kinds of platforms 24 hours a day without gaps, which can reduce news production costs and improve production efficiency for the news industry.

For digital special effects companies, it can save the production cost of later special effects.

For Doubi, sand sculpture and idolize youth, this is the PS in motion.

You can change your face and play opposite your idol.

The experience is similar to the skin in the game we play or the real-life version of ZEPETO.

But at the same time, when this technology was invented, it also brought disadvantages.

In fact, technology itself is not good or bad, but people who use it do. Because the threshold of AI face-changing technology is lowered and the effect is realistic, it has been targeted by many people who have misgivings.

The first to suffer is the foreign actresses, whose "faces" have appeared in the indescribable videos on famous websites.

Wonder woman gerga, Emma Watson and Ai Liya Stark in Game of Thrones were not spared.

Japanese actresses are even more inevitable. (ps: Who put the sheep’s wife P up and stood up to die! ! ! )

Not surprisingly, Chinese actresses have also been recruited! According to incomplete statistics, there are about 30 actresses who have been recruited.

?

I heard that there has been news that "ex-boyfriend put his face AI in the actress’s film", and some people even took the synthetic film for personal blackmail.

Here, I want to say that this is a serious illegal act, which seriously infringes on the right of portrait and reputation.

If the technology is abused by criminals after it is mature, such as stealing brush, fraud, etc., then there will be risks in the application of face brushing technology in our daily life.

At present, Fake is so controversial that it has shut down its website. Websites such as Twitter and PornHub also prohibit uploading such face-changing content.

Bilibili UP owner has also removed the video of Athena Chu changing to Yang Mi, and apologized to Yang Mi, saying that the original intention was not malicious, but just to share new technologies. Also, please treat the technology correctly, focus on the technology itself, and respect the right of portrait and copyright.

Again, technology itself is not right or wrong, and the development of the times can’t stop it from appearing. What we can really do is how to manage the use of standardized technology, and moral law is the bottom line that must be observed!

In fact, no matter how intelligent the machine is, it is also invented by human beings. On the matter of changing faces, no one can compete with nature. If you don’t believe me, look at those amateurs who are not related to the face-bumping stars. They are not only similar in shape but also similar in spirit. That is really the highest realm of face-bumping, hahaha!

Therefore, the sheep are curious. How much can everyone look like a star without relying on acquired technology and only relying on innate genes?

The biennial Shanghai Auto Show is about to kick off. According to the introduction of Shanghai International Automobile Industry Exhibition, the 20th Shanghai International Automobile Industry Exhibition will be held in the National Convention and Exhibition Center (Shanghai) from April 18 to 27, and tickets will be sold from now on (11th).

As the "weather vane" of the global automobile industry, the 2023 Shanghai Auto Show attracted more than 1,000 companies to participate actively, with a total exhibition area of over 360,000 square meters, and 13 indoor pavilions of the National Convention and Exhibition Center (Shanghai) were opened.

As the first world-renowned heavyweight economic and trade activity in Shanghai after the epidemic, this year’s Shanghai Auto Show can be described as colorful. More than 100 world premiere cars will be unveiled collectively. The chairman of the global board of directors and the global CEO of important multinational auto companies will be present in person, and the heads of the six major domestic auto groups and independent brands will also be present. In addition, this year’s auto show also invited mainstream auto brands and first-line parts suppliers at home and abroad to participate in high specifications, as well as leading enterprises from new energy manufacturing, future travel, chips, radar, ADAS, autonomous driving solutions, car networking and high-precision maps to showcase the latest technologies and products.

In addition to "car watching", major car manufacturers and related exhibitors will also hold various new product press conferences at their respective booths. During the same period of the exhibition, the organizers will also hold many trade talks and technical exchange activities, as well as many special lectures, procurement matching meetings and trade fairs, covering new energy, intelligent networking, hydrogen energy and smart cars. Among them, from April 19th to 20th, the 7th International Key Technology Forum will be held in Shanghai Intercontinental Hotel, focusing on industry trends and releasing technology roadmap; On April 20th, "GTIC Smart Car Innovation Summit" will be held at the National Convention and Exhibition Center to show the new trend of industrial structure driven by intelligence.

After more than 40 years of development, Shanghai Auto Show has become the only international A-class auto show covering the whole vehicle, automobile supply chain and automobile technology enterprises in the world. It also has the largest number of exhibitors in the world, representing not only one of the highest levels of China Auto Show, but also one of the highest levels of China brand exhibitions.

The theme of this year’s auto show is "Embracing the new era of the automobile industry", which will further explore the implementation path of low-carbon transformation of the automobile industry; Focus more on building an exchange and cooperation platform to optimize the supply chain layout of the industrial chain; More intuitively show the sensory impact brought by the blending of automobile culture and fashion elements; More efforts will be made to build an automobile industry ecosystem driven by technological innovation and integration innovation, linking the world and cross-border cooperation, and depicting the infinite possibilities that cars will bring to people’s lives in the future.

Tickets for the 2023 Shanghai Auto Show are all electronic tickets. Visitors need to purchase in advance and complete real-name registration through the official ticketing program of the Shanghai Auto Show. Tickets for the same day will not be sold at the exhibition site. After purchasing tickets with real-name authentication in advance, the audience must check their valid certificates and enter the venue. Non-Chinese mainland audience will enter the venue with valid certificates such as passports (non-Chinese mainland audience will enter the venue with valid certificates such as passports), and they will visit in strict accordance with the date marked on the electronic tickets. On the schedule, April 18-19 is the media day, which only receives news media at home and abroad; April 20-21 is Professional Audience Day; April 22nd to 27th is the Professional and Public Audience Day.

() According to the data center, () on March 18th, it was bought by financing of 7,489,600 yuan, accounting for 8.36% of the purchase amount on that day, and the current financing balance was 71,679,700 yuan, accounting for 6.75% of the circulating market value, exceeding the historical 50% split level.

Financing trend table

In terms of securities lending, Junyi Digital repaid 300.00 shares by securities lending on March 18th, and sold 1,300.00 shares by securities lending. According to the closing price of that day, the selling amount was 47,200 yuan, accounting for 0.08% of the outflow amount of that day. The balance of securities lending was 218,800, which was lower than the historical 10% percentile level and was at a low level.

Securities lending trend table

To sum up, the current balance of Junyi Digital’s financing is 71,898,400 yuan, down 3.75% from yesterday, and the balance is lower than the historical 30% level.

Trend table of the balance between the two financial institutions

Note 1: If the financing balance increases for a long time, it means that the investor’s mentality is biased towards the buyer, and the market is a strong market with strong popularity, otherwise it is a weak market.

Note 2: Buying amount = actively buying extra large single amount+actively buying large single amount+actively buying small single amount.

　　Under the warm sun in winter, the banks of the Danao River are clear and green, and the fish gulls gather together, showing a harmonious and agile natural scene of waterfowl, which is a vivid portrayal of the implementation of ecological priority and green development in Daya Bay Development Zone, Huizhou City.

　　In the past ten years, while anchoring the highland goal of the world-class green petrochemical industry to accelerate its growth, Daya Bay Development Zone has delivered a brilliant "answer sheet" for water control: the water quality of four rivers, namely Nanbianzao River, Yanqian River, Baigang River and Xiayong River, has been upgraded from inferior V to excellent III or above, and the black and odorous water bodies have been completely eliminated and "long-term cleaning" has been achieved. The water quality of the national and provincial test sites in the coastal waters has been maintained excellent.

　　Born from the sea and prospering towards the sea, Daya Bay Development Zone is drawing the ecological background with the pen of "water" and writing a new chapter of green rise.

　　Strengthen top-level design

　　Constantly improve the water ecological environment management system

　　Standing on the bank of the wetland beach near the mouth of the Danao River in Daya Bay, birds play in groups of three and five for food. From time to time, herons stretch their white posture, tread lightly on the water and spread their wings to fly.

　　"In recent years, after environmental improvement in Daya Bay Development Zone, the water quality of the Danao River in the territory has improved significantly, and the surrounding ecological environment has improved significantly. In recent years, more and more herons have come to stop here." Mr. Zhang, a veteran bird-watching enthusiast, said with delight that over the years, more and more rare heron species have appeared frequently, and Daya Bay Development Zone has gradually become a bird-watching resort. Nowadays, the mangrove urban wetland park in Daya Bay and the Bai Shou Bay beach at the mouth of the Tam ‘ao River have become the concentrated areas of bird activities.

　　The heron praised the ecological butterfly, reflecting the firm determination of Daya Bay Development Zone to strengthen the top-level design and continuously improve the water ecological environment management system.

　　Strengthen organizational leadership. In the process of pushing forward the tough battle of water pollution prevention and control, Daya Bay Development Zone has successively set up the headquarters of the tough battle of pollution prevention and control and the ecological environment protection committee, and the standing committee of the district party committee and the executive meeting of the district management committee regularly listened to reports on the pollution prevention and control work.

　　Strengthen planning guidance. By strictly observing the "three lines and one list" (red line of ecological protection, bottom line of environmental quality, online utilization of resources and negative list of environmental access) and introducing high-quality industrial projects, Daya Bay Development Zone can reduce environmental pollution from the source, free up more environmental capacity for the healthy and sustainable development of the region, and achieve a virtuous circle of "promoting the introduction through control and combining control with introduction".

　　Strengthen regional linkage. In order to get rid of the "hard bone" of cross-border river regulation, Daya Bay Development Zone actively cooperates with Shenzhen and Huiyang, Huizhou to carry out cross-border river regulation, and builds mechanisms for information channel exchange, monitoring data exchange and environmental law enforcement exchange, laying a solid foundation for breaking administrative regional restrictions and jointly implementing cross-border river basin regulation.

　　Strengthen problem orientation. Daya Bay Development Zone adheres to "two-wheel drive" (government governance, enterprise technological transformation), combines normal supervision with special rectification, highlights the comprehensive rectification of key areas, key fields and key industries, and issues and implements the Work Plan for Upgrading and Renovation of Key Water-related Enterprises in Daya Bay District. Sixteen key water-related enterprises in the whole region have completed upgrading and upgrading of sewage treatment facilities on the basis of meeting the discharge standards, and controlled 27 sewage treatment facilities of 24 enterprises in the whole region. Pay close attention to the rectification work of the central ecological environmental protection inspector, and the work is unprecedented.

　　Reduce pollution stock

　　Continuously improve the quality of water ecological environment

　　Clean and clear water flows out of the waterfall mouth, and flows into lush flowers and plants in a blink of an eye, and the flowing water gathers into a rippling lake … On the west side of Shugang Avenue in Daya Bay Development Zone, adhering to the construction concept of "building a sewage treatment plant and giving citizens a park back", Huizhou’s first fully buried sewage treatment plant was built here.

　　"After the municipal sewage in the jurisdiction is collected through the pipe network and enters the water purification plant, it goes through physical and biological treatment processes, and finally reaches the surface quasi-IV water standard before being discharged." Li Qizhuang, the person in charge of the third phase of the first water quality water purification plant in Daya Bay District (hereinafter referred to as "the third phase of the first plant"), said that compared with the traditional above-ground sewage treatment plant, the construction mode of the all-buried sewage treatment plant saves about 30% of land and increases the green area by over 50%. At present, the daily processing capacity of Phase III of No.1 Plant is 80,000 cubic meters, and the service population is about 200,000.

　　"The problem of water pollution is in the water, and the roots are on the shore. Water control still needs to start from the source." Liao Yuanguang, deputy director of Daya Bay Branch of Huizhou Ecological Environment Bureau, introduced that comprehensive, accurate and scientific pollution control was adhered to. Daya Bay Development Zone focused on the construction of sewage treatment facilities, the renovation of sewage outlets into rivers, and the elimination of black and odorous water bodies through measures such as source control, sewage interception and running water, and constantly set off a climax of water quality improvement and rectification.

　　Taking the management of rivers controlled by five countries and provinces as an example, since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", Daya Bay Development Zone has invested more than 3 billion yuan, with a cumulative new sewage treatment capacity of 309,000 tons/day and a new sewage pipe network of 239.2 kilometers. By the first half of 2022, the sewage treatment capacity of the whole region has reached 348,000 tons/day, and the effluent quality has reached the surface standard of quasi-V or above. A sewage pipe network of 364 kilometers has been built, and the sewage collection and treatment has continued to improve quality and efficiency.

　　Rural sewage treatment is also one of the key points. Daya Bay Development Zone regards rural domestic sewage treatment as a key task to promote rural revitalization, and takes the direction of promoting rural domestic sewage to enter the sewage treatment plant. For villages that have not been included in the municipal pipe network for the time being, rural domestic sewage treatment facilities will be built according to local conditions. "Up to now, 189 village groups in the whole district have all completed the treatment of rural domestic sewage." Yin Xiaoqin, the first-class sponsor of Daya Bay Branch of Huizhou Ecological Environment Bureau, introduced that 141 village groups’ domestic sewage was treated by urban sewage treatment plants, 35 village groups’ domestic sewage was treated by rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, and 13 village groups’ domestic sewage was treated by sewage resource utilization.

　　Improve the level of governance

　　Promote the transformation from water quality improvement to water ecology improvement.

　　Time is the most faithful recorder. In the past ten years, Daya Bay Development Zone has comprehensively protected drinking water sources, rectified national and provincial rivers and black and odorous water bodies, prevented pollution in coastal waters, and achieved a new leap in water environment quality:

　　The drinking water quality has reached the standard stably. The water quality compliance rate of Fengtian Reservoir, Longweishan Reservoir, Shitouhe Reservoir and Shehekeng Reservoir has remained 100% all the year round, and the water quality is stable and excellent. The water quality of the national and provincial rivers has been continuously improved, and the water quality of four provincial-controlled rivers (Nanbianzao River, Yanqian River, Baigang River and Xiayong River) has been improved from inferior grade V to above grade III; Black and odorous water bodies are neither black nor odorous. The two black and odorous water bodies, Xiangshui River and Mamiao River, have eliminated black odor in 2019 and achieved "initial results" through measures such as increasing sewage treatment capacity, improving rainwater and sewage pipe network system and water ecological restoration, and achieved "long-term cleaning" in 2020; The water quality in the coastal waters is excellent, and the water quality compliance rate of national and provincial test sites is 100%. The proportion of sea areas that meet the first and second water quality standards and the proportion of areas that meet the water quality standards of marine functional areas are all over 99%.

　　It is worth mentioning that, in view of the problem that the only national examination river (Dan ‘ao River) in its jurisdiction is affected by tides and the diffusion of pollutants is difficult, Daya Bay Development Zone invited the top domestic technical teams such as the National Academy of Environmental Sciences to build a hydrodynamic water quality model of Dan ‘ao River, accurately grasp the laws of hydrodynamic force and pollutant diffusion of Dan ‘ao River, identify the key factors that restrict the water quality of Tiger Claw section of Dan ‘ao River to reach the standard, and put forward targeted control measures, making a breakthrough.

　　During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, on the basis of improving the water environment, water ecological environment protection should pay more attention to water ecological protection and restoration, pay attention to the harmony between people and water, and let the people have more sense of ecological environment acquisition and happiness.

　　"Since last year, Daya Bay Development Zone has taken the lead in carrying out water ecological investigation and monitoring in the whole city." Liao Yuanguang revealed that the bidding for the project was completed at the end of last year, and two water ecological surveys have been completed in the dry season and the wet season this year. "Daya Bay Development Zone will focus on promoting water quality improvement to water ecology improvement." Liao Yuanguang said.

　　↑ Hoh Xil Tibetan antelope according to IC photo

　　Red Star Journalist Chen Yifan Du Yuquan

　　Editor-in-Chief Deng Guangguang Editor Peng Jiang

　　The much-watched wildlife protection law (the second draft of the revised draft) (hereinafter referred to as "the second draft of the draft") closed for comments on October 1. During the period, a total of 3,806 people put forward 12,057 suggestions for revision of the second draft.

　　Many experts said that in order to respond to the practical needs of wildlife protection, the second draft of the draft has been refined from the aspects of wildlife use, artificial breeding and heritage resource management, and the punishment for illegal acts has been increased. However, the classification management system of artificially bred wild animals in the second draft still needs to be studied, and the concept of wild animals still needs to be clarified.

　　▍The newly added classification and classification management system for artificially bred wild animals experts said that they should be alert to the theft of "whitewashing".

　　Since its promulgation in 1988, the Wildlife Protection Law has undergone four revisions.

　　On October 16, 2020, the 22nd meeting of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) conducted a preliminary review of the revised draft of the Wildlife Protection Law. In August, 2022, the revised draft of the Wildlife Protection Law was submitted to the 36th meeting of the 13th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) for second instance.

　　Yang Heqing, spokesman of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Commission, said that the second draft has made four major revisions: First, the measures for wildlife protection system have been refined. The second is to link up with the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC)’s regulations on the total fasting of wild animals, and increase the punishment for illegal acts. The third is to improve the prevention and control mechanism of wildlife damage. The fourth is to establish a classified management system for artificially bred wild animals.

　　Qin Peng, deputy dean of the Graduate School of Chongqing University and director of the Research Center for Ecological Rule of Law of Chongqing University, believes that "overall, the second draft of the draft has strengthened the thinking of risk management and control, and set many prohibitive regulations, hoping to provide effective support for wildlife supervision through full chain supervision."

　　According to People’s Daily Online, on August 30th, the 36th meeting of the 13th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) reviewed the revised draft of the Wildlife Protection Law. Some members of the Standing Committee, departments, localities, experts and scholars, enterprises and the public suggested that the specific measures to prohibit and allow the breeding of wild animals should be clear, and it was suggested that differentiated management should be implemented according to the purpose and use of artificial breeding, reflecting the principle of classified and graded management. Therefore, on the basis of the first draft, the second draft of the draft also establishes a classified management system for artificially bred wild animals.

　　As stipulated in the second paragraph of Article 25 of the second draft, the artificial breeding of wildlife under special state protection shall be subject to a licensing system. Artificial breeding of wildlife under special state protection shall be approved by the wildlife protection departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and an artificial breeding license shall be obtained, except as otherwise provided by the State Council for the approval authorities.

　　The third paragraph of Article 25 also stipulates that artificial breeding of terrestrial wild animals with important ecological, scientific and social values (hereinafter referred to as "three-owned animals") shall be filed with the wildlife protection department of the people’s government at the county level.

　　Civet cats, bamboo rats, etc., which are well known to the public, all belong to "three animals". Compared with the first draft, it is stipulated that the artificial breeding of "three animals" should be approved by the wildlife protection department of the county-level people’s government and obtain the artificial breeding license. In the second draft, the artificial breeding of "three animals" was changed to the filing system, which caused concern.

　　The wildlife conservation organization "Let Migratory Birds Fly" issued a document pointing out that the new version of the draft list of "Three Animals" in National Forestry and Grassland Administration in 2021 includes nearly 1,800 species of animals. If the filing system is implemented, the legal cost of illegal breeding will be extremely low. In addition, there are also voices that not prohibiting the artificial breeding of wild animals will only make more people continue to hunt and breed wild animals for profit.

　　The domestication and reproduction of wild animals have long cycle, high cost and low success rate. In contrast, the huge profits that can be obtained by "washing white" stolen animals and then changing hands will be more attractive to related enterprises.

　　According to Xinhua News Agency, some breeding enterprises and zoos will try to cover up the origin of the illegally caught wild animals, and then use their own wild animal domestication and breeding licenses and wild animal management and utilization licenses to go through legal procedures under the guise of "self-breeding" and successfully "wash white".

　　Zhou Jinfeng, Secretary-General of China Biodiversity Conservation and Green Development Foundation (hereinafter referred to as "Green Development Association"), suggested that "the national principle does not advocate any form of commercial breeding of wild animals, strict control measures should be implemented in countries where commercial breeding of wild animals is necessary, and the species of wild animals should be gradually reduced" should be added to the second draft.

　　Zhou Jinfeng believes that it is necessary to optimize the wildlife protection management system and severely crack down on the behavior of "washing white" called artificial breeding for trading and eating; Reasonably learn from the experience of the ongoing reform of the pollutant discharge permit system, and establish and improve a unified national wildlife permit system as soon as possible; It is necessary to clarify the responsibilities and authorities of relevant departments at central and local levels, appropriately expand the authority of "wildlife protection authorities", increase the "management" function, and establish and improve relevant coordination principles and joint law enforcement mechanisms.

　　▍The revised draft responds to the parrot case. What is the concept of wild animals needs to be clarified.

　　Another major revision of the second draft is to respond to the previous "parrot case".

　　In 2017, Shenzhen man Wang Peng was sentenced to five years in prison for "illegally selling precious and endangered wild animals and their products" for buying and selling artificially bred parrots. The act of "buying and selling artificially domesticated and bred parrots" is included in the scope of the crime of illegally selling precious and endangered wild animals. In March 2018, the Shenzhen Intermediate People’s Court made a second-instance judgment, arguing that the original sentence was too heavy and sentenced Wang Peng to 2 years’ imprisonment. On May 16th of the same year, Wang Peng was released from prison. The case was a sensation, which triggered a heated discussion among legal scholars and the public.

　　Many voices think that it is unreasonable for the judgment to equate artificially bred individuals with wild populations. In addition, some media combed and found that in 21 cases from 2015 to 2017, 32 people were convicted of violating the Criminal Law for buying and selling parrots, and were sentenced to sentences ranging from suspended sentences to 11 years.

　　In the past five years, "parrot cases" have occurred from time to time. Red Star News previously reported that at the end of April 2018, the owner of an aquarium shop in Jiangxi bought 8 parrots and 4 myna from a flower and bird shop, and was later sentenced to 2 years in prison for illegally purchasing and selling endangered wild animals.

　　On August 26th, 2022, Yang Heqing, spokesman of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Commission, said, "This is actually a question of how to better manage exotic species. The second review draft of this revised draft clearly manages the wild animals in the list of relevant international conventions in accordance with the relevant provisions of this law, instead of managing them according to the national key protected wild animals before the amendment. This is also a major adjustment made by this amendment. "

　　Qin Peng, vice president of the Graduate School of Chongqing University and director of the Research Center for Ecological Rule of Law of Chongqing University, believes that the establishment of a hierarchical management system for artificially breeding wild animals is conducive to reducing the occurrence of "parrot cases".

　　Paragraph 1 of Article 37 of the second draft stipulates that the list of wild animals or their products whose trade is prohibited or restricted by international conventions to which People’s Republic of China (PRC) is a party shall be formulated, adjusted and published by the State Administration for Import and Export of Endangered Species. The wild animals listed in the first paragraph of this article shall be managed in accordance with the relevant provisions of this law with the approval of the competent department of wildlife protection in the State Council.

　　However, at present, the protection of wild animals is only aimed at the wild animals included in the List of National Key Protected Wild Animals, the Appendix of CITES, the List of Three Owns and the Lists of Local Key Protected Wild Animals (hereinafter referred to as the List).

　　Zhou Jinfeng believes that this management of the List will make other species outside the List not protected by national laws. "The protection of the List is ok, but this is only a part. Be sure to add that everything that should be protected outside the Catalogue must be protected, whether it is habitat or species. "

　　He suggested that the legal definition of "wild animals" should be clarified in the second draft, and the protection of wild animals should be changed from key protection to universal protection. "It is necessary to make a clear definition of wild animals, so that it is easy to distinguish between wild animals in natural environment and native environment and some differences between artificially domesticated and bred wild animals. With the legal definition, all our work, including some laws and regulations, will make corresponding institutional arrangements because of the legal definition. "

　　Take catching earthworms with electrical equipment as an example. According to Red Star News, wild earthworms have become scarce after years of catching.

　　On July 8, 2020, the Green Development Association filed a public interest lawsuit against three home appliance enterprises in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province. The Green Hair Association believes that these businesses provide unspecified users with the opportunity to exterminate earthworms, which destroys the ecological balance of the soil in the earthworm habitat. Excessive hunting of earthworms will also bring irreversible damage to the ecological environment, and their actions have constituted environmental infringement. On August 12, 2021, the Intermediate People’s Court of Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province sentenced three enterprises to compensate for economic losses of about 1.59 million yuan and published an apology statement in the national media. Due to dissatisfaction with the first-instance judgment, three companies appealed to the Guangdong Provincial High Court. On February 17, 2022, the Guangdong Higher People’s Court upheld the original judgment in the second instance.

　　Zhou Jinfeng said that according to the current "Wildlife Protection Law", earthworms are not within the scope of protection. "But in reality, a large number of extinct capture of earthworms by motors did occur, and earthworms have a very important ecological role in soil safety."

　　He suggested that the Wildlife Protection Law should move from key protection to universal protection. "Our protection doesn’t mean that we only protect it and don’t use it at all, but how to regulate interests under the protection."

　　▍Improper release behavior is frequent, and specific measures need to be formulated for the release of wild animals.

　　In addition, the second draft of the draft also proposed that the competent department of wildlife protection be authorized to formulate specific measures for release.

　　Improper release behavior is one of the main ways of alien species invasion. According to Red Star News, the news that exotic species Crocodile Eel frequently appears in urban communities or parks has been widely concerned by the society. The reporter’s investigation found that alligator eels were sold as ornamental fish on the online platform, and the alligator eels that appeared in many lakes were probably the result of buyers’ free release.

　　China’s relevant laws and regulations have clear legal provisions on improper release. When the Wildlife Protection Law was revised in 2016, the requirement of "harmlessness" was put forward. Any unit or individual who releases wild animals into the wild environment should choose local species suitable for wild survival in the released areas, and must not interfere with the normal life and production of local residents and avoid doing harm to the ecosystem. Anyone who releases wild animals at will, causing personal or property damage to others or endangering the ecosystem, shall bear legal responsibility according to law.

　　The 11th Amendment to the Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), which came into effect on March 1st, 2021, added the criminal responsibility of "illegally introducing, releasing or discarding alien invasive species, if the circumstances are serious", and sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention, with or without a fine.

　　Regarding how to regulate improper release in practice, Qin Peng said that the division of relevant responsibilities is clearly stipulated in Article 7 of the second draft, and daily law enforcement can be carried out according to this Article and existing administrative practice. At the same time, the provisions also set a special responsibility for fines, and gave the special rule-making power to the wildlife protection department. "The subsequent system regulations will become more and more detailed, and the specific situation will wait for time to test."

　　In addition to managing the improper release behavior itself, Chen Juanli, director of northwest university of politics and law Animal Protection Law Research Center, also wrote an article suggesting that supervision should be strengthened from its related pre-and follow-up links. Including setting clear prohibitive clauses for both parties to e-commerce platform transactions and setting certain regulatory responsibilities for e-commerce platform operators. Strengthen the licensing system for the introduction of alien species and the entry quarantine system to curb it from the source.

　　Qin Peng told the Red Star journalist that, on the whole, the second draft of the draft has comprehensively responded to the actual needs of wildlife protection, and its framework structure and specific content are relatively complete. "At the same time, in order to optimize the quality of the second draft, I think we can refine the provisions on compensation for wildlife damage, and we can also promote the insurance pilot work of compensation for wildlife damage through incentives."

　　―END―