"Emotional disputes between men and women" "211 graduated men were laid off to take delivery without telling their wives?" "Shopping mall security guards catch falling babies with bare hands" … These videos are very eye-catching both in title and content. They not only spread widely on the Internet, but also triggered heated discussions among netizens.

However, these so-called "personal stories" and "real records" were later proved to be made by posing and deduction. Why are such short videos repeatedly banned?

There is no lower limit for posing video.

Not a few

On January 6th, a short video was released on the Internet platform. The woman in the picture took the initiative to ask for marriage in a park in Chongqing as a pregnant woman, holding a piece of paper with the conditions of marriage written on it. The language was amazing: "Although the baby is not yours, the daughter-in-law is yours. It is painful enough to have a baby. If you really love me, you don’t have to care whether the baby is yours. I can’t afford a monthly salary of seven or eight thousand. I look down on it. If the monthly salary is less than 20,000, I won’t consider it. I can’t afford it in the future. "

According to the information reported by the police, the woman surnamed Chen is a self-media blogger who disguised herself as a pregnant woman to direct and perform a blind date scene in order to attract traffic.

After this video was confirmed by the police as posing fraud, netizens condemned this behavior and listed its harmfulness. In fact, the harm of posing fake videos goes far beyond this. The illegal acts such as "tragic auction", "false agricultural assistance" and "pseudo-charity", mainly represented by "Liangshan Qubu", "Zhao Linger" and "Liangshan Meng Yang", have defrauded netizens’ sympathy and empathy, and made many people buy fake products out of their pockets to consume public sympathy.

On March 18th, the reporter learned that recently, the People’s Court of Zhaojue County of Liangshan Prefecture pronounced the verdict in the first instance of the case of "Liangshan Meng Yang" and "Liangshan Aze", and a total of eight people were sentenced for the crime of false advertising. Among them, Tang, the person in charge of the company, was sentenced to one year and two months and fined 100,000 yuan; Online celebrity Axi Moumou (Liangshan Meng Yang) was sentenced to 11 months in prison and fined 80,000 yuan; A certain person in online celebrity (Liangshan Aze) was sentenced to 9 months in prison and fined 40,000 yuan; Five people, including Li, Guo and Lin, were sentenced to 9 months to 1 year, with fines ranging from 20,000 yuan to 80,000 yuan. The illegal income of the above personnel shall be confiscated.

However, for the sake of traffic, there are not a few cases where there is no lower limit. The reporter found that most of these false short videos are based on the pain points of life and social hotspots, inciting people’s emotions and using people’s emotions. From the struggle between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, gender opposition to the gap between the rich and the poor, rural dilemma, etc., these false short videos concoct hot spots and create disputes with dramatic plot display and real shooting methods.

Zhang Xinbao, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China and vice president of the china law society Network and Information Law Research Association, said: "Media creation should not be aimed at grandstanding, fabricating false facts, confusing people who don’t know the truth, or deceiving the public. The Central Network Information Office has specially issued regulations requiring that some video content that is untrue, fictional or staged be marked to satisfy the public’s right to know. If there are other serious violations of the law, such as promoting violence, endangering public safety or infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of others, you need to bear corresponding legal responsibilities according to law. "

Clear division of labor, posing fraud

Copywriting mostly reproduced plagiarism.

But in fact, the publishers of these false contents are precisely deliberately blurring the boundaries between "posing videos" and "real records", with the aim of deliberately convincing netizens. Because only in this way can we gain attention and get more click-through rates and traffic.

On July 28th last year, a short video of "being asked by strangers to accompany wine" on the Internet was released, which aroused widespread concern and heated discussion, and quickly boarded the social hot list of multiple platforms. Subsequently, the blogger released a so-called statement video. The video said: "I have seen everyone’s comments. There are indeed many people who have encountered the same thing as me. We bluntly refused to be beaten, and politely refused and said that we refused to be clear."

This kind of operation, which added fuel to the flames, made the video hit more than 10 thousand again, pushing the incident to a new climax, which also attracted the attention of the public security organs. The surveillance of the restaurant recorded the situation at that time. After investigation, it was found that the video was faked, and the team had a clear division of labor, each playing a different role. The video was shot three times, and it took only about 30 minutes before and after, creating such a short video that "caused public anger in the whole network".

Afterwards, Cheng Moumou, who pretended to be a drunken man, told reporters that after the short video of "being asked by strangers to accompany wine" was popular, there was also a phenomenon that they faked their accounts to attract fans into the group. They faked it to suck powder for themselves, but they did not expect to be cheated by the same fake accounts as them. From this point of view, there are quite a few fraudulent acts for the sake of traffic.

On August 3 last year, a network platform released a short video. In addition to crying, the words above were "Late at night, my sister delivered food, and I went downstairs and found that my car was stolen". However, it is such a video with a duration of only about 10 seconds. The number of views that night has exceeded 60 million, and it has spread rapidly on multiple platforms, entering the hot list, and immediately liked and collected more than 100,000 times.

Similarly, these also attracted the attention of the police. After investigation and verification, the video was posed, and the publisher was the woman performing in the picture, and her husband was in charge of props and guidance. The whole process of their posing at that time was recorded by outdoor monitoring on the street.

The reporter found that most of these short video copies of posing and fictional interpretation were reproduced and plagiarized. In the words of netizens, "they are all familiar flavors and familiar formulas."

The reporter learned in the investigation that behind this, the ultimate goal of most publishers of these fake videos is to further realize the traffic and make money. For example, "Liangshan Meng Yang" first released some fabricated fake videos of "Miserable Life" and "Crying Poor and Selling Miserable" on the network platform, and after the number of fans exceeded 100,000, it started the road of bringing goods.

Flow economy

Can not be divorced from the rule of law

It is beyond reproach to attract fans and bring goods by making high-quality short videos. However, under the temptation of interests, some bloggers of short videos do not hesitate to fake videos that attract people’s attention, so as to realize the flow. Some short-sighted band goods training institutions have introduced some improper means such as "subverting cognition", "creating opposition" and "copying materials".

How to control the short video posing fraud? Experts believe that all parties and departments need to work together.

Zhang Xinbao, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China and vice president of china law society Network and Information Law Research Association, said: "Controlling false information of fake videos is a comprehensive work, which requires law enforcement departments to strengthen law enforcement, platforms to strengthen self-discipline and supervision, and audiences to constantly improve their recognition ability. It is necessary to strengthen social supervision and increase the illegal cost of producers (counterfeiters). The most fundamental thing is to manage from the source and cut off the relevant interest chain, so that those who make fake videos to promote false information can not obtain economic benefits, and even bear adverse economic consequences, and jointly create a clean and honest network environment. "

These short videos with poor content orientation have impacted public order and good customs, and even violated laws and regulations, and must be rectified. If such information is indulged, people will be deceived frequently, and they will become insensitive to the real news events. These negative effects will eventually have to be paid by the whole society, and the victims may be each of us. For this bottomless practice of defrauding traffic by false means, relevant departments, Internet platforms, video producers and publishers, etc. all need to take their respective responsibilities. The flow economy can’t become a fake economy, and it can’t be divorced from the rule of law.

Original title: "Millions of fans online red was sentenced! Uncover the "Painted Skin" of Fake Short Video

Read the original text

　　On March 14th, OpenAI, an American research and development company, officially released GPT-4, the latest product of artificial intelligence language model, which shocked the whole world. Two weeks later, an open letter signed by SpaceX CEO Musk and more than 1,000 industry executives and experts was posted online. They called for suspending the development of AI systems more powerful than GPT-4 for at least six months, and warned that the development of artificial intelligence "poses potential risks to society and mankind".
Why does the development of GPT-4 cause such concern?

　　The rapid development of AI has caused concern about the potential risks to society and human beings.

　　The general concern expressed in this open letter is that AI is developing too fast, relevant regulations and laws have not kept up, and even inventors lack effective control means.

　　Anil Seth, British neuroscientist: I think what really shocked me was that the whole cycle of machine learning and artificial intelligence from development to release seemed very fast.

　　The Japanese Prime Minister answered the question of "ChatGPT" at the cabinet meeting for the first time.

　　On 29th, Japanese Prime Minister kishida fumio answered questions generated by OpenAI’s chatbot program "ChatGPT" at the Cabinet Committee meeting of the House of Representatives. Subsequently, ChatGPT predicted kishida fumio’s answer, and showed it with a display board after the defense, and the direction of the answer was basically the same.

　　Japanese Prime Minister kishida fumio: My answer listed the names of specific parties such as the National Governors’ Association and the Mayors’ Association in Japan, which better reflected the actual situation.

　　AI analog sound raises so-called "deep forgery" concerns

　　In fact, this is only the basic application of ChatGPT. The American media reporter showed the process of using AI to simulate his voice to talk to his father, and this process also caused the so-called "deep forgery" concern.

　　Host of CNN.
It looks like a fun game, but AI technology can even be used to achieve the so-called "deep forgery", which is not fun. Because we can copy anyone’s appearance and generate digital masks through this technology.

　　The GPT-4′ s ability to emerge from the world is too strong, which has sparked a global debate.

　　GPT-4 is the fourth generation language model released by American R&D company OpenAI for ChatGPT, and its emergence is considered as "the future has come" by scientific and technological circles, which has triggered a global hot discussion. It can write articles, create web pages, reason logically, and create almost any content. In addition, it can take exams, and it scored more than 90% in the American bar exam.

　　British Sky reporter tom clarke: Hi, GPT-4, do you have a sense of autonomy?

　　GPT-4
As a new language model, I don’t have consciousness, I don’t have self-consciousness, subjective emotion or subjective experience, and my reaction comes from the written pattern in the text data I have trained.

　　In fact, since the birth of ChatGPT, how to control risks has always been the focus of discussion.

　　ABC reporter
On the one hand, AI has great potential and can be used to do useful things. On the other hand, there are a lot of unknown situations that may bring very bad consequences to society. How confident are you that what you build will not lead to such a result?

　　Sam altman, CEO of OpenAI, USA: We will adjust.

　　ABC reporter: Do you adjust when negative things happen?

　　Sam altman, CEO of OpenAI, USA
The current system is still weak, so we should release this system now, and try our best to understand the situation while the risk is still small. I think this can avoid more dangerous situations.

　　However, there are also views against stopping R&D. It is foreseeable that how humans and AI coexist and advance together will become the focus of global attention in the future.

　　The medical staff are working. Xinhua news agency

　　Production of antiviral drugs. Xinhua news agency

　　editorial comment/note

　　How did the virus originate? What are scientists doing in developing drugs against Covid-19? It is the top priority for Chinese researchers to develop effective clinical drugs for Covid-19, improve the cure rate and reduce the mortality rate. On February 15th, Zhang Xinmin, director of the Biological Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, introduced that the drug screening and treatment program had made positive progress at the press conference held by the the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism on the latest progress of drug research and development and scientific research in Covid-19. The Ministry of Science and Technology organized a national excellent scientific research team to screen more than 70,000 drugs or compounds by computer simulation screening and in vitro enzyme activity test. At present, The scientific research team has focused on a few drugs, and a number of drugs, such as chloroquine phosphate, lundixivir, and farpiravir, have successively carried out clinical trials. At present, some drugs have initially shown good clinical efficacy. This issue focuses on the origin of the virus, drug research and development, and psychological anti-epidemic.

　　The structure of most viruses is very simple. Basically, it is a shell made of protein wrapped with some genetic material, which is no different from dead things at ordinary times. Once infected cells, they inject their own genes into the host cells and use the host cells to replicate themselves to produce new viruses. Is the virus a living thing? Where did they come from? Below, let’s take a look at three hypotheses about the origin of the virus.

　　Hypothesis 1 Ancient macromolecules Some macromolecules, such as RNA, DNA and protein, begin to replicate themselves independently or cooperatively, and this stage can be called "molecular life". However, in a peaceful molecular life, there is a different kind, that is, some molecular life, including LUCA, the latest common ancestor of all living things, which has developed a structure that has changed the law of life, that is, cells. Cells with membrane structure can better protect delicate core macromolecules such as RNA and protein, which greatly enhances the adaptability of these organisms, which means that they will rub their original molecular life on the ground. There is a hypothesis (The Virus-First Hypothesis) that the virus is the "adherents" of the primitive molecular life world. This hypothesis was once very popular, after all, the structure of viruses is so simple, even crude, and their differences from cell life are so great.

　　Some viruses can form crystals after purification, which is unimaginable for cell biology. More solid evidence comes from "Virusoid", which is an RNA molecule. Pseudovirus can’t infect cells directly, but it can infect viruses. To be exact, it can copy itself and spread itself by hitchhiking when some viruses infect cells, which can cause some diseases such as human hepatitis D.

　　Hypothesis 2 The gene of "defection" Genes can also defect? Yes, in The Progressive Hypothesis, genes will do anything to keep themselves alive.

　　There is a small circular DNA called "plasmid" widely in bacteria. These genes are basically a group of wage earners and temporary workers. Bacteria can absorb them from the environment for their own use at any time, and they can also drive them away at any time.

　　In many bacteria, in addition to their original DNA, there are often some small fragments of circular DNA, which are called plasmids. So in the long evolution, some plasmids learned one thing: we should not work all our lives! These plasmids changed from wage earners to wage earners, which in turn hijacked their bacterial boss and took away all the nutrients of bacteria to replicate themselves. Over time, some plasmids become viruses.

　　Bacteria often suffer from a kind of virus infection called "phage". Some people think that phage comes from plasmid. The cells and bacteria of human beings and all animals and plants are very different. We all belong to "eukaryotes". There are no plasmids like bacteria in the cells, but there are still some genes waiting to move. They refused to stay on the chromosome, but jumped around in the nucleus, running to this chromosome for a while and running to that chromosome for a while. However, these naughty genes do have a name of sage like type — — Transposon (transposon)

　　According to the detection of molecular biology, many transposons have very similar gene sequences to viruses, and the mechanism of integrating themselves into the chromosomes of host cells is also highly similar. In particular, the "Retrotransposon" among them is almost as similar as some viruses, and the only difference is that these transposons cannot migrate from cell to cell like viruses.

　　However, the origin of viruses is still confusing here, because they don’t follow the evolutionary model of general organisms at all.

　　The general process of virus infection is: inject your own genes into the host cells, then use the host cells to copy your own genes, and make all kinds of materials needed to construct virus particles. Finally, manipulate the cells to package all parts of virus particles together with the virus genes into new virus particles and release them to infect other cells. But in this process, the virus is exchanging genes with various organisms all the time.

　　For example, when a virus directs a host cell to package virus particles, it sometimes packages some host cell DNA, or accidentally leaves a little bit of its own gene in the host cell. There is a gene in mammals to prevent the maternal immune system from attacking the fetus, that is, a virus accidentally landed in our cells more than 100 million years ago. When the virus spreads across species, it often leads to the transfer of genes from one species to another.

　　Hypothesis 3 Decaying cellular organisms. After entering the 21st century, a series of discoveries began to make scientists more aware that there are other possibilities for the origin of the virus.

　　In 2003, scientists discovered a very unreasonable virus — — "Mimivirus", the size of this virus has reached 0.4 to 0.5 microns, which is almost the same as bacteria under the microscope. The coronavirus that caused this epidemic is considered to be a relatively large type of virus, and its size is less than 0.1 micron.

　　In 2008, scientists discovered the second big virus, and named it "Mamavirus". Since then, one kind of "Giant Virus" has appeared in human vision one after another. By the time Pandoravirus was discovered in 2013, the record of the largest virus was even more than 1 micron.

　　Pandora virus, the largest known virus, looks almost the same as a bacterium.

　　Since then, the boundaries between viruses and some single-celled organisms have become blurred. For example, the structure and genes of Bacteroides virus are very similar to those of a single-celled organism called archaea. The only difference is that Bacteroides virus has lost a part of the key genes that independently complete cell division, so it has to parasitize in the cells of other organisms and use the cells of the host to grow and reproduce.

　　So there is the third hypothesis of the origin of the virus (The Regressive Hypothesis), which holds that the virus is essentially a degenerate creature. Some single-celled organisms gradually degenerate most of their cell structures in the long-term parasitic life, and finally become this "living dead" general appearance, and the flow like bacteroides virus is an archaea that has just begun to degenerate.

　　Why do deadly viruses always come from wild animals? Let’s analyze it from the perspective of evolution.

　　The "best" virus does not cause too serious symptoms (otherwise it will kill the host itself), but it should not be too gentle (after all, the host is often infected with other viruses at the same time, so it is still necessary to grab resources). Therefore, in the long evolution, this game will promote the virus to finally reach a certain tacit understanding with the host. For example, human beings and rhinoviruses that may cause the common cold belong to this relationship.

　　However, the virus will mutate, and some mutations will cause the host of the virus to change. Without the tacit understanding of long-term running-in between the virus and the new host, there will be the problem of "not paying attention to it", and some of them will bring fatal diseases to the host.

　　In the long-term evolution, human beings have reached a perfect tacit understanding with the viruses that accompanied them all the way from ancient ancestors, and the viruses from livestock, such as measles and flu, are not perfect, but they are somewhat tacit, so they rarely cause serious epidemics. Only the virus from wild animals has nothing to do with human beings, so almost all the diseases that caused the great plague came from wild animals. Therefore, I hope everyone can stay away from wild animals, including stray animals, and don’t raise or eat wild animals.

　　(Author: Tang Cheng Author: Center for Excellence and Innovation of Brain Science and Intelligent Technology, China Academy of Sciences)

Willow silk spits green, spring flowers sprout,

Handfuls of fresh spring vegetables emerged from the soil.

Some people say that the best way to make your body feel spring,

Is to "eat" spring into your stomach,

Let’s take a look at these spring dinner tables

What are the indispensable seasonal foods ~

Capsella bursa-pastoris

Su Shi, a great writer, once said, "It is better to cook mountain soup for a monk’s house than to seek wild grass around the wheat field." Shepherd’s purse is an out-and-out natural green nourishing food, which is not only a spring vegetable in wild vegetables, but also delicious on the tip of the tongue.

Shepherd’s purse and fresh meat wonton

For Shanghainese who love wonton, the shepherd’s purse wonton in spring is more delicious and full of fresh field aroma. Take a bite, keep your lips and teeth fragrant, eat one, the fragrance will fill your heart, taste it, and the fragrance will overflow in spring.

Fried rice cake with shredded pork and shepherd’s purse

A plate of fried rice cakes that is most suitable for spring, shepherd’s purse and shredded pork with rice cakes, is very attractive just visually. If you add some winter bamboo shoots, you will have to eat more!

Shepherd’s purse and bean curd soup

The smoothness of tofu, coupled with the fragrance of shepherd’s purse, makes the cp combination so delicious that people can’t afford it!

Spring bamboo shoots

Spring bamboo shoots are the best seasonal ingredients in spring, and they have the reputation of "the first treasure among vegetables" in ancient times. Spring bamboo shoots, because of their white color as jade and fresh meat, are essential food on the table. In Zheng Banqiao in Qing Dynasty, there was a judgment that "fresh bamboo shoots in the south of the Yangtze River take advantage of the shad, and the spring breeze is rotten at the beginning of March".

bamboo shoot soup with fresh and pickled streaky pork

"Pickling" refers to the pickled ham, with Jinhua ham as the top grade; "Fresh" means fresh bamboo shoots, fresh pork belly, hind leg meat or pig’s hoof, preferably pork belly or hind leg meat; "DuDu" means slow stew with small fire in Shanghai dialect.

Braised bamboo shoots in oil

Braised bamboo shoots in oil are frequent visitors to Shanghai’s dining tables. Pale yellow bamboo shoots are stained with bright sauce red juice and become a super dish. It’s obviously a vegetarian dish, but it’s better than a meat dish.

Toona sinensis

Toona sinensis is a unique delicacy in spring.

Toona sinensis scrambled eggs

After washing Toona sinensis, blanch it in boiling water, and cut the blanched Toona sinensis into pieces for later use. Add Toona sinensis powder and salt, stir well, heat the oil in the wok to 70% heat, pour in Toona sinensis egg liquid, and stir-fry until the egg liquid is slightly solidified.

Malan head

Xianggan Malantou

The fragrant dried Malantou is a famous spring dish in Shanghai. It is boiled in boiling water and then cut into fine pieces. The fragrance is fascinating. After mixing the fragrant dried powder, it is poured with sesame oil, and the taste hits the soul directly.

Malantou Youth League

Fresh Malantou and finely cut dried bean curd are mixed together to form the freshest taste in this spring.

Caotou

Bouquet grass head

Bouquet grass head is a home-cooked dish of Shanghainese. Its tender and green leaves, inspired by white wine or yellow wine, maximize the fragrance of herbs, and make it melt in the mouth, so that everyone who meets it can’t refuse.

Caotouta cake

Mix chopped grass heads with rice flour and glutinous rice flour to make small dumplings with a diameter of two inches, then press them into round cakes with the palm of your hand and fry them in oil until they are yellow on both sides, crisp outside and soft inside, and fragrant.

Caotouquanzi

Silkworm bean

Broad bean is a delicious food in spring, rich in plant protein, and also a frequent visitor to many Shanghainese spring tables.

Broad bean with scallion oil

Skinned broad beans, stir-fry with oil and salt, and when the bean shells crack, add shallots, stir-fry simply, and a plate of fresh broad beans with scallion oil can order a green table.

This spring,

Try these seasonal delicacies,

Feel the gift of spring ~

Special statement

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Contact e-mail: tbfw780@126.com.

Tel: 021-62625599

Source: @ Leyou Shanghai

ShangguanNo. Author: Shanghai Taiwan Compatriot Service Center

(The author of this article is Jianwen Consulting, a cross-border insight into the medical industry)

On the morning of November 28th, the responsible comrades of the Organization Department of the Central Committee attended the meeting of leading cadres in State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, and announced the central decision: Comrade Hu Jinglin was appointed as the Party Secretary of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, and Comrade Wang Jun was removed from the post of Party Secretary of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China.

A short news of personnel appointment has aroused the attention of practitioners in the entire medical industry.

The Medical Insurance Bureau, whose administrative level is only the deputy ministerial level, has been deeply embedded in the medical and health field of China by virtue of its frequent medical insurance policies in the past five years, and even transformed and reshaped the behaviors of patients, hospitals, enterprises and other multi-stakeholders, and has become the leader of the linkage among the three hospitals in medical reform.

For Hu Jinglin personally, he was born in the financial system, and this time he can be said to return to the fiscal and taxation circle. As the first director of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, if you understand Hu Jinglin, you can understand the work of the National Medical Insurance Bureau in the past five years.

In the eyes of many medical insurance policy observers, the National Medical Insurance Bureau, as a super payer, has successfully completed the phased historical task of "controlling medical insurance fees" in the past five years with a number of policies, such as national talks, centralized procurement, payment mode reform, outpatient co-ordination and individual account reform. Today, the balance of medical insurance funds has exceeded 4 trillion yuan.

But at the same time, the relationship between medical insurance and pharmaceutical industry innovation still needs to be straightened out; After "changing cages for birds", the pace of medical service price reform is slightly delayed; Although medical insurance is forced to go upstream, which can generate great impetus, it is obviously unrealistic to rely solely on medical insurance.

All these call for the National Health Insurance Bureau to make greater achievements in the next five years.

The "tax collector" who broke into the medical system

According to the website of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, Hu Jinglin is the Party Secretary of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China.

Time goes back to five years ago. On May 31, 2018, with the official unveiling of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, Hu Jinglin, who was born in the financial system, became the party secretary and the first director, and entered the medical field.

This appointment has surprised many people in the industry. Looking back now, in the early days of the establishment of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, in order to complete the task of "managing the medical insurance fund", it can be said that it is appropriate for the financial system official to serve as the director of the National Medical Insurance Bureau.

Zhu Hengpeng, director of the Public Policy Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences, once pointed out that the raising of social medical insurance funds has a quasi-fiscal color, and at the same time, finance is responsible for the funds.

Before joining the National Medical Insurance Bureau, Hu Jing Lin had been deeply involved in the financial system for 20 years, and served as deputy director of the Property Appraisal Department of the Ministry of Finance, deputy director of the Economic Construction Department, director of the Economic Construction Department, chief of staff, assistant minister and deputy minister.

The experience of more than five years in the National Medical Insurance Bureau laid the foundation for Hu Jinglin to return to the fiscal and taxation system.

The aforementioned scholars in the field of public management said that the administrative leaders of various departments belong to policy posts, and they pay more attention to political quality and personal ability than familiarity with the industry, so that the incumbents can fully exercise their decision-making ability.

During his tenure as director of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, Hu Jinglin’s work style was also recognized by the outside world. A researcher in the field of medical insurance told Jianwen Consulting that Hu Jinglin was willing to listen to and absorb opinions from all sides, and his attitude was modest and polite, "unlike those technocrats".

He also revealed that he received many WeChat greetings from the director during the holidays. "This is absolutely not among the officials at the same level I have contacted."

Some observers believe that in the past five years, after the National Medical Insurance Bureau completed the task of "vacating cages", the core of the next step is to promote the task of "changing birds"-the reform of medical service prices. Shi Zihai, the current deputy director of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, is an expert in this field. He has been engaged in policy research in the National Development and Reform Commission for a long time and was once the director of the price department.

Not limited to "controlling fees", supporting innovation is the future direction.

"Through the coordinated development and governance of medical insurance, medical care and medicine, the win-win situation of’ people enjoying benefits, funds ensuring safety, hospitals developing and enterprises growing’ is taking shape."

In May of this year, Hu Jing Lin once commented on the work in the past five years at a series of news conferences on the theme of "the beginning of authoritative departments" held by the State Council.

Look carefully, medical insurance, medical care, medicine; The masses, funds, hospitals and enterprises, as the payer, the Medical Insurance Bureau, traced back to the lower reaches of the industrial chain and used the logic of managing money to connect the whole medical and health system in China, reshaping the medical and health pattern, just like throwing a big stone into an ancient well, which not only caused ripples, but also caused stormy waves.

Before the establishment of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, China’s medical care faced some problems: the adjustment time of medical insurance catalogue was not fixed, and it was only adjusted three times in 18 years, which was difficult for innovative pharmaceutical companies to predict; The drug price is artificially high, and the people’s medical burden is heavy; The logic of supporting doctors with medicine distorts the income structure of doctors; Payment by project is too extensive, excessive medical care is hard to avoid, and medical insurance funds continue to be under pressure.

This chaotic situation was gradually broken after the establishment of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, relying on frequent policies.

There are policies such as medical insurance negotiation, centralized procurement with quantity, reform of medical insurance payment method, individual account reform and outpatient co-ordination, all of which have not caused widespread debate and discussion in the industry and society. However, only by breaking the old system can we rebuild the new system on the ruins.

Specifically, there are some changes worthy of writing: promoting centralized procurement with quantity, the average price reduction of 333 drugs organized by the state is over 50%, and the average price reduction of 8 high-value medical consumables such as heart stents and artificial joints is over 80%; Together with local alliance procurement, the cumulative burden reduction is about 500 billion yuan. At present, the ninth batch of national procurement has included 41 drugs in the list, and the average price of the drugs to be selected is reduced by 58%. It is estimated that the annual drug cost can be saved by 18.2 billion yuan, and the fourth batch of consumables will also be opened this week.

The medical insurance catalogue has achieved "one adjustment per year", and 618 drugs have been added in five years. More than 80% of new drugs can now be included in medical insurance within two years of listing. The expenditure of medical insurance on new drugs increased from 5.949 billion yuan in 2019 to 48.189 billion yuan in 2022, an increase of 7.1 times. Among them, a considerable part of them are anticancer drugs and drugs for rare diseases. In addition, after reimbursement, the cumulative burden reduction for patients exceeds 500 billion yuan, which benefits thousands of families.

By November, 2023, there were 282 overall planning areas in China, accounting for 71% of all overall planning areas. The results are also quite remarkable. The data show that from January to March 2023, the average hospitalization expenses of tertiary public hospitals nationwide were 13,822.9 yuan, down by 0.8% at comparable prices, and the average hospitalization expenses of secondary public hospitals were 6,756.3 yuan, down by 1.4% at comparable prices.

After careful consideration of the above policies, we can find that the underlying logic is the efficient use of medical insurance funds, and a more rude summary is "controlling fees."

Under the control of Hu Jinglin, who was born in the financial department, the National Medical Insurance Bureau has done an excellent job in the management, use and control of medical insurance funds in the past five years. "The most important function of medical insurance is to manage the medical insurance fund", and Zhong Chongming, a medical insurance policy researcher, pointed out that this will also be the red line and safety line of the medical insurance bureau for a long time to come.

At present, although "controlling fees" is still the most basic requirement, it is not enough to complete it, and the constraint of simply controlling fees on the innovation and development of the medical industry has gradually emerged. Therefore, the next work of the National Medical Insurance Bureau may no longer be limited to simply "controlling fees".

In fact, this weather vane has begun to appear-the propaganda slogans such as "soul bargaining" commonly used in the early years have gradually withdrawn, the national mining cycle has been extended to four years, and the new national talks have also been described as "moderate". In the contact between Jianwen Consulting and industry professionals, it is also noticed that promoting the high-quality development of the pharmaceutical industry is now the direction that the medical insurance department wants to highlight.

Shanghai may have come to the front. At the end of July, Shanghai issued "Several Measures to Further Improve the Multi-payment Mechanism to Support the Development of Innovative Medical Devices" (referred to as "Several Measures"), which aroused heated discussions among practitioners in biomedicine, medical devices, commercial insurance and other fields and became the hottest topic in the medical device market in Shanghai at that time.

Xia Kejia, director of the Shanghai Municipal Medical Security Bureau, once said that the introduction of "Several Measures" is not only to promote the construction of a multi-level medical security system in Shanghai, to meet the diversified security needs of citizens, and to reduce the burden of medical treatment for the masses; It is also to improve the multi-payment mechanism of innovative medical equipment, guide good development expectations, and promote the high-quality development of biomedical industry and insurance financial industry in this city.

The industry hopes that the more such policies, the better.

In the next five years, how can medical insurance continue to "do its best"?

The industry expects that the funds saved by fee control should not only be used to support industrial innovation, but also be used to rationalize the price of medical services and correct the distorted income structure of medical staff.

Xu Yucai, a well-known medical reform expert, pointed out that "the biggest shortcoming of medical insurance reform in recent years is that the price reform of medical services is seriously lagging behind, and the price reform of medical services under the leadership of the Medical Insurance Bureau needs to be accelerated."

Previously, the state identified Ganzhou, Suzhou, Xiamen, Tangshan and Leshan as pilot cities for medical service price reform. Jianwen Consulting noted that in recent months, many places outside these five cities have also frequently adjusted the prices of medical services. However, compared with thousands of medical service price systems, there are still a few adjustments at present.

More importantly, it is an important link to be explored next whether we can shed the part of "rule by man" in medical service price adjustment and hand over the adjustment or not to the mechanism related to medical service price adjustment.

The price of medical services has remained unchanged for many years, which gave birth to the soil of selling with gold. The two have formed a fragile balance in practice, but now one end of the balance has been shattered and stands after breaking, and the other end needs to keep up quickly.

The five years since the establishment of the National Medical Insurance Bureau are also five years when the decision-making power of local medical insurance has been gradually weakened.

On the surface, the local medical insurance catalogue will gradually withdraw, and the local medical insurance equipment catalogue will gradually be unified in the future. The overall level of medical insurance funds has been continuously improved, and many provinces such as Jilin, Liaoning and Sichuan have shouted the slogan of provincial overall planning.

In the future, national overall planning may not be impossible. The authority of the local medical insurance department has been tightened continuously, and it has gradually changed to the agency.

Some scholars believe that the current reform direction is to improve the focus of medical insurance decision-making, standardize the decision-making power of governments at all levels, and establish a unified national medical insurance system.

From a deeper perspective, in recent years, conflicts and even lawsuits between private hospitals and local medical insurance bureaus are common. The contradiction between the two sides is also typical. Some local medical insurance bureaus think that private hospitals buy drugs and consumables at low prices and then report them to medical insurance at high prices, which actually reflects the different understanding of the authority of different local medical insurance bureaus. Nowadays, it has gradually become a consensus that medical insurance "cannot be stretched too long", and the law has also proved this with judgments.

The standardization of medical insurance information system provides objective conditions and possibilities for the concentration of medical insurance power, which is beneficial to the coordination of policies at all levels to some extent, but excessive concentration of power also weakens the regulatory power of local medical insurance in disguise. There are both advantages and disadvantages. Finally, judging whether the medical insurance power is concentrated in the central government is good or bad may be left to the future and reality.

In Zhong Chongming’s view, with the gradual development of medical insurance services and the continuous exploration of the direction of health insurance, medical insurance will inevitably go through the process from "managing money" to "managing some things and cooperating with more things", and in this process, corruption and inefficiency are still huge challenges.

The road to medical reform is long and arduous, although medical insurance has played a key and fundamental role, and even played a leading role in the process of joint reform of the three hospitals. However, limited by the scope of power of the medical insurance department, the medical insurance department can only "appeal", "guide" or even "force" the implementation of some specific medical reform policies, but the real executor is "someone else".

In some places, it is difficult for the medical insurance department and the health care department to work together. In the absence of a strong and effective coordination mechanism, as the medical reform enters the deep water area, the road of "crossing the river by feeling the stones" has become more challenging.

"No matter how the linkage between the three hospitals evolves and how healthy China develops, we should always uphold’ reform is the brightest background of the medical insurance banner’." Zhong Chongming said.

(The author of this article is Jianwen Consulting, a cross-border insight into the medical industry)

This article only represents the author’s point of view.