"The increasing blockade and sanctions imposed by the United States have caused Cuba’s current economic difficulties. But Cuba will not wait for the enemy to correct its criminal policy. Cuba must persist in its efforts and seek ways to overcome US sanctions and blockades with wisdom, dedication and creativity. "

　　On July 26th, local time, Cuban Vice President Valdez made the above statement at the commemoration of July 26th National Uprising Day in the country.

　　More than 60 years ago, the United States broke off diplomatic relations with Cuba after the revolution, and then began a long blockade of this socialist country. In the American think tank — — According to the Center for Economic Policy Research, the US sanctions against Cuba are the "oldest and most restrictive" of all existing economic pressure mechanisms.

　　In a recent report, the think tank pointed out that although the government has made some progress in restoring diplomatic relations with Cuba and relaxing certain trade restrictions, these measures have basically been completely reversed during the government’s term of office. After the Biden administration came to power, it still maintained most of the policies toward Cuba during the Trump era.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　Decades of harsh blockade have seriously affected Cuba’s economic development and people’s lives. For nearly 30 years, the United Nations General Assembly has passed a resolution every year demanding that the United States end its blockade of Cuba. However, in the face of the world’s just voice, the United States still goes its own way.

　　Even many American politicians are increasingly worried that the "sanctions superpower" of the United States will eventually push itself into a desperate situation.

　　Sanctions target: more than the world60%Low-income countries and regions

　　Washington post recently published a long investigative report, pointing out that sanctions have become a key tool of American foreign policy.

　　Up to now, the United States has imposed unilateral sanctions on one third of the countries in the world, with more than 15,000 effective sanctions, ranking first in the world, and far ahead of other countries and organizations.

Washington post chart

　　The survey found that the number of targets sanctioned by the United States has increased dramatically in recent presidents, especially Trump and Biden.

　　Since the beginning of this year, the US government has continued to introduce sanctions at a record speed. Washington post’s analysis based on the income data summarized by the World Bank shows that more than 60% of low-income countries and regions in the world are suffering from some kind of sanctions imposed by the US government.

Washington post chart

　　According to the report of the Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States, the evidence that unilateral economic sanctions have caused serious harm to civilians around the world is "overwhelming".

　　As we all know, extensive sanctions will hinder the overall economic growth of a country, and sometimes lead to or prolong the economic recession or even depression of the target country. Sanctions also hinder the target countries from obtaining necessities such as food, energy and medicine, hinder humanitarian assistance, and thus create more poverty, hunger, disease and a large number of avoidable deaths.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　This report specifically mentions that the legitimacy of American unilateral sanctions has been widely questioned by the international community.

　　Some people think that only the UN Security Council has the right to legally impose sanctions. On the contrary, any unilateral sanctions or multilateral sanctions without the approval of the Security Council violate the principle of national sovereignty and undermine the international rule of law.

　　At the same time, the unilateral economic sanctions imposed by the United States also violate the spirit of multilateral documents such as the Charter of the Organization of American States, which the United States itself participated in.

　　In addition, many economic sanctions imposed by the United States also violate international human rights law and a series of treaty obligations, including the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action and several resolutions of the United Nations Human Rights Council.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　More importantly, many US sanctions are based on unreliable domestic laws. Most of them are implemented according to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act of 1977, which gives the U.S. government the power to determine that a specific country "poses a special threat to U.S. national security, foreign policy or economy."

　　However, the above report pointed out that in many cases, such statements — — For example, the political situation in Venezuela or Zimbabwe poses an "extraordinary threat" to American national security to some extent — — There is almost no basis.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　Must we choose it between diplomacy and war?

　　More and more illegal unilateral sanctions are not only being scolded constantly, but also their actual effects are seriously in doubt.

　　American sanctions against Cuba, Iran and North Korea have been going on for decades, but it has been proved that these countries have never given in, although they have been greatly hurt by sanctions.

　　The latest example is Russia.

　　After the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the United States led western allies to impose more than 16,000 sanctions on Russia in order to effectively reduce Russia’s "war resources". But more than two years later, both on the battlefield and economically, the western abacus of "making Russia" has almost disappeared.

Screenshot of BBC report

　　To the west’s surprise, Russia’s economy not only grew significantly by 3.6% last year, but also seems to continue to maintain a strong growth momentum.

　　The latest World Economic Outlook report released by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts that Russia’s economic growth rate will exceed that of all developed economies including the United States this year. It is estimated that Russia’s gross domestic product (GDP) will increase by 3.2% and 1.8% respectively this year and next, both higher than previously expected.

AFP report screenshot

　　Former official of the US Department of Commerce, currently working for a Washington think tank — — Bill Reinsch, an international business expert at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, said that sanctions "as the only thing between diplomacy and war" have become the most important foreign policy tool of the United States. "However, no one in the (American) government can be sure whether the whole sanctions strategy will work."

Screenshot of Washington post report

　　What is more terrible than this embarrassment is the anti-bite effect of American unilateral sanctions.

　　Washington post reported that since financial sanctions became a new tool of American unilateral sanctions with the help of dollar hegemony, American policy makers began to use this power more and more frequently.

　　However, with the increasing sanctions, challenges have emerged. Not only Wall Street and America’s European allies may be hurt by secondary sanctions, but also more countries are looking for ways to get rid of dollar dependence in order to avoid sanctions, which leads to the gradual erosion of dollar hegemony.

　　A poll earlier this year found that most Americans believe that if American sanctions violate international law, interfere with humanitarian assistance, damage the livelihood of ordinary people, or hinder climate change cooperation between countries, the United States should cancel these unilateral coercive measures.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　Even some people at the top of the US government have realized the risk of abusing unilateral sanctions.

　　Jacob Lew, the US Treasury Secretary during the Obama administration, publicly warned that the excessive use of unilateral sanctions must be curbed, because it "may eventually weaken our ability to implement effective sanctions".

Screenshot of Washington post report

“

Diversified business is hard to say success, and channel reform still needs to be promoted.

"

Author Wang Yuanlei

Dong Mingzhu is never short of topics.

On December 13th, a video of Dong Mingzhu’s speech at the induction ceremony of Gree’s 2023 college students was circulated on the Internet. In his speech, Dong Mingzhu criticized Meng Yutong again, which attracted a lot of attention.

Dong Mingzhu is well versed in marketing.Ten years ago, I gambled with Lei Jun, the founder of Xiaomi, and earned enough traffic for Gree. Two years ago, I made a bold statement to train Meng Yutong, a fresh student, as a successor, and saved hundreds of millions of advertising fees for Gree.

But the problem is that the tougher Dong Mingzhu is, the weaker Gree’s performance is. Although the innovative business has blossomed, Gree is still highly dependent on the air-conditioning business, and its overall revenue and profit are less than expected. Moreover, the channel reform that Dong Mingzhu urgently wants to implement is not ideal.

In early August this year, the 2023 Fortune Global 500 list was released.fail (in) an examination.

When asked "Are you sad?", Dong Mingzhu’s response is still tough: "What’s so sad? It’s not sad at all. It’s better to see the company so healthy and happy than the Fortune 500. What is the significance of the world’s top 500? Just look at the sales revenue. Whether the enterprise is good or not, I know what I know, whether I am sick or not, and I know it. "

0one

Gree’s moat

Gree’s main business is air conditioning, and the difficulties it faces are also mainlyFocus on air conditioning distribution channels.. To understand Gree’s channel dilemma, the story should start from the air-conditioning industry.

The development of air-conditioning industry has a history of one hundred years. From "refrigeration and heating" to "conversion of constant frequency air conditioning" to "intelligent noise reduction and comfortable air supply", air-conditioning technology has been continuously iterated, and the industry has gradually formed giant enterprises such as Gree and Midea, which control most of the market share.

Based on this industry pattern, the competition in the air-conditioning industry is mainly concentrated in three aspects, namelyMarketing, channel and price war. Let’s look at these three points:

In terms of marketing, Dong Mingzhu is recognized as a marketing genius. The "1 billion bet" made Gree earn enough traffic and "cultivated Gree’s successor", and directly promoted his assistant to online celebrity. Dong Mingzhu people were also malicious, and even their own people were embarrassed. They often went to hot search and became Gree’s veritable marketing spokesperson by virtue of people’s appointment.

In terms of price wars, Gree has fought countless price wars in the course of decades of development, from offline store discounts to online live broadcasts, and Gree has repeatedly participated in industry price wars.

In addition to marketing and price factors, looking at the development process of air-conditioning industry, the iterative speed of air-conditioning technology update is slow, and it is basically difficult to open the gap.The real gap lies in the channel..

Any leading enterprise has a strong moat. The channel is the moat of Gree. In the development of more than 30 years, Gree has formed a solid sales channel system-Provincial regional sales companies, county levelAgent, terminal sales outlets.

Among them, Gree holds shares in provincial regional sales companies, and the provincial sales companies directly control county-level agents, and Gree and county-level agents do not settle accounts.

In addition, during the seasonal change in Xia Dong, Gree responded to fluctuations in production byProvide discounts for dealers and return funds for goods.In turn, it is deeply bound with dealers.

Under this channel model, Gree has formed a solid sales channel system in the whole country, which has become the main factor for Gree to sit firmly on the throne of air conditioning overlord for a long time.

02

Fist products are not hard.

However, judging from the development in recent years, Gree’s leading position is being shaken, and one of the main manifestations-fist products are not hard.

As a leader in China’s home appliance industry, Gree’s performance in the secondary market is remarkable. When the stock price is the highest, it is about 62 yuan per share.distribute bonusIn fact, it is a proper "cash cow", so that Dong Mingzhu once said to the outside world, "We have paid more than 100 billion dividends to the stock market, and paying dividends to shareholders every year is the most balanced return on investment."

Behind this is the performance support of fluctuating growth. In July 2019, Gree was selected into the Fortune Global 500 for the first time with a revenue of 198.153 billion yuan, ranking 414th, and its revenue increased by 0.02% year-on-year.net profitIt reached 24.697 billion yuan. Since then, GreecontinuouslyList the top 500 in the world, ranking 436th, 488th and 487th respectively.

In 2022, Gree’s revenue was 189 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.6%. "When the moon is full, it will lose money, and when the water is full, it will overflow." Gree’s development track seems to confirm this truth. In this year’s list of the world’s top 500 companies, Gree and the top 500 companies have a revenue difference of 35 billion yuan, which is a pity.

This is not without warning. Since December 2020, Gree’s share price has continued to fall, and it is currently about 33.14 yuan per share.The higher point has dropped by about 45%.The market value evaporated by nearly 200 billion yuan.

On the other hand, its performance is hardly satisfactory. Even in the past three years, Gree’s revenue has not increased significantly. (see the picture below)

Air conditioning is the lifeblood of Gree, accounting for 71.36% of its revenue in 2022. However, in terms of air conditioning, the most competitive product, Gree’s air conditioning revenue has not increased significantly in the past three years (see the figure below). as soon asmarket shareLook, in 2022, Gree’s home air conditionerThe market share has lost the first place in the market.The throne of.

These two years have followedCooling of air conditioning marketThe continuous negative growth of domestic air-conditioning market, coupled with the gradual weakening of air-conditioning season sales by live broadcast, has affected Gree’s overall performance, resulting in unsatisfactory performance.

However, it is worth noting that Midea and Haier continue to grow. As of December 15th, the market value of Midea was 353.5 billion yuan.The market value is 191 billion yuan, and the market value of Gree is over 186.4 billion yuan.Gree is in itAlready at the bottom 2..

Moreover, when Gree fell out of the world’s top 500, Midea and Haier remained among the top 500. Midea has been selected into the Forbes world’s top 500 for eight consecutive years and ranked 278th this year.

Obviously, this can’t be explained by the phrase "poor external environment". In order to promote Gree’s performance growth, Dong Mingzhu has made business adjustments to find a second growth curve.

0three

Gree attacked from all sides.

Knowing and doing are two different things.

Many years ago, Dong Mingzhu has been exploring diversified businesses, but so far, they have all performed poorly. At the two sessions this year, Dong Mingzhu said in the face of media questions, "I think (Gree)Has been transformed successfully, realizing the transformation from a single air conditioner to a full range of household appliances. "

The so-called "all-category household appliances" in Dong Mingzhu include household central air conditioners, household appliances, refrigerators, washing machines, water heaters, water dispensers and various intelligent products, covering all sub-sectors of household appliances.

In addition to the continuous expansion in the field of home appliances, Gree is also involved in many fields such as completely unrelated new energy and intelligent equipment, including cars, energy storage, mobile phones, prefabricated dishes and so on.

The reason why an enterprise is strong is not because of how extensive its products and businesses are, but because it can continuously improve its products and keep innovating. “One meter wide and one hundred meters deep."Is the wisdom of enterprise development.

In the diversified business, one of Gree’s well-known businesses is the acquisition of Yinlong New Energy. In that year, Dong Mingzhu joined Wanda Group in his own name.Five companies, regardless of the opposition, increased their capital by Yinlong New Energy and jointly invested 3 billion yuan.

In 2021, Gree won 47.93% of the voting rights of Yinlong New Energy by participating in the public auction of judicial auction, and Yinlong New Energy became a holding subsidiary of Gree. According to Gree’s 2022 performance report, Yinlong New Energy (now Gree Titanium) has lost more than 1.9 billion yuan and its asset-liability ratio has reached 99%.

In addition to this acquisition, the mobile phone business has also made Dong Mingzhu frequently out of the circle. In 2016, Dong Mingzhu boasted in a speech, "I am proud to say that my mobile phone is the first in the world, not the first in sales. At least I promise consumers that my quality is the first."

But the question is, is the quality of Gree mobile phone really the best in the world? Up to now, Gree mobile phones have launched a total of six models. No matter from which point of view, Gree mobile phones are hardly successful.

These are diversified businesses promoted by Gree. On the whole, Gree’s business is mainly divided into five sections, namelyAir conditioning,life electric、industrial product、intelligent equipmentandGreen energy. In addition, there are some innovative businesses with relatively low revenue, includingMedical health, prepared vegetables, semiconductorsWait.

Judging from the layout timeline, doing what the track fires can, to a certain extent, summarize the diversified business characteristics of Gree, which is doomed to be difficult to achieve success.

In 2020, Dong Mingzhu started live broadcasting with goods in Tik Tok, and over 10 live broadcasts were conducted that year, with a total of nearly 50 billion yuan of goods. With its own efforts, Dong Mingzhu achieved Gree’s sales performance in the last quarter.

This also made Dong Mingzhu see a new direction-live broadcast with goods, so Meng Yutong came to the stage. In September, 2021, Dong Mingzhu recruited Meng Yutong as a secretary, and made a strong platform for Meng Yutong, publicly expressing that he would train Meng Yutong as his successor. During this period, Meng Yutong frequently appeared in online live broadcast rooms.

However, it is worth noting that live delivery has indeed increased the proportion of online sales, but in this way, it has had an impact on Gree’s existing distribution channel system.

0four

Disadvantages of channels

During the "June 18th" promotion in 2020, Dong Mingzhu took the goods off the live broadcast, setting a new record that the single live broadcast sales exceeded 10 billion. Interestingly, however, two days later, Jinghai Internet, a provincial distributor alliance, reduced its holdings of Gree. In July of that year, Jinghai Internet reduced its holdings again.

This is the provincial regional sales company expressing its dissatisfaction with Gree. Dong Mingzhu’s first live broadcast performance was bleak, but in the later live broadcast, the performance was getting better and better, and the reason could not be separated from the help of dealers.

Dong Mingzhu launched offline dealer drainage in the live broadcast. Consumers placed orders through the exclusive QR code shared by dealers, and Gree headquarters directly delivered them, and thenBypass the provincial regional sales companies.. As a result, there was a scene of the counterattack of the provincial marketing department.

In fact, Gree’s sales channels have always had disadvantages. In the course of perennial operation, Gree has formed a community of interests with all links in the channels, but there are obvious problems in this deep binding relationship.

First of all, Gree should be the channel.Leave enough profit margin.Once the profit is reduced, all links in the distribution will lose the motivation to sell goods. Secondly, Gree does not have direct settlement with county-level agents, and there is no direct contact. Gree does not have much right to speak in the intermediate link between provincial sales companies and county-level agents.

In order to develop live broadcast with goods and increase the proportion of online sales in Dong Mingzhu, it is necessary to go beyond the level of provincial sales companies. Moreover, under the background of the great cooling of the air-conditioning market, Gree’s channel system is even more bloated.

There has never been a smooth reform. If Dong Mingzhu wants to move the channel system, it will naturally encounter a lot of resistance. So far, it is still hard to say success. However, the transformation of Gree’s old rival Midea has achieved results.

In 2017, Midea changed its sales company into an operation center. As a result, it changed from earning the difference to earning the service fee, and finally the beauty was formed.twoLevel sales system-factories and distributors.

This change not only reduces the intermediate links, further reduces the cost, but also strengthens the brand’s control over the terminal. Whether it is a price war or a promotion of new products, Midea is more handy.

In 2019,Midea overtook Gree in market share.Since then, the air-conditioning market has been easy to attack and defend, and Gree’s hegemony has changed hands.

according toAccording to the 2022 performance report, according to the data of Aowei Cloud, Midea’s products are online and offline in China in six categories, including household air conditioners, desktop microwave ovens, electric heaters, induction cookers and electric kettles.Market share ranks first in the industry..

Among them, the offline market share of household air conditioners is 33.7%, and the online market share is 33.6%.Ranked first in the industry..

0five

Dong Mingzhu can’t solve this problem.

While reforming the channel system, Gree has been promoting the development of diversified businesses in the past decade, changing the single air-conditioning business structure into an air-conditioning business system driven by multi-core businesses.

However, many business lines that have been tried to develop are average. In 2022, Gree air-conditioning business revenue was 134.859 billion yuan, accounting for 71.36% of the total revenue. Compared with 70.11% in 2021, the proportion of air-conditioning business has not decreased, but has increased by 1.25%.

Looking at the timeline, diversified business attempts, although not ineffective, have indeed declined in the proportion of air-conditioning business, butIt still accounts for more than 70% of total revenue.For a behemoth like Gree, it is hard to say that it is a success. (see the picture below)

At the same time, rivals such as Midea, Haier and Oaks are actively transforming. In addition to the changes in channels, Midea is relatively more successful in business, and has formed a business system focusing on HVAC and consumer appliances, andThere is a small gap between the two businesses in revenue.The overall safety margin is high. (see the picture below)

In 2022, Midea achieved a total revenue of 345.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.68%, which has exceeded Gree by hundreds of billions of yuan.

In 2021, after Meng Yutong joined Gree in a high profile, Dong Mingzhu praised Meng Yutong in the early stage, saying that Meng Yutong "is a person who will not be tempted by external things" and "hopes to spend five years (so that she can) in a very high position", and even went so far as to cultivate a successor.

Now the ending is clear. Meng Yutong left after less than two years in Gree, and managed the "Pearl Feather Boy Selection" (changed to "Gree Pearl Selection")Tik Tok account successfully sucked nearly 3 million powder.. However, it should be noted that live broadcast with goods is difficult to become the fundamental path for Gree to solve problems, and in terms of brands,live-streamingBring goodsIt is also a "double-edged sword".

This year is the first year out of the epidemic. Although the epidemic has ended, the economic development is still under great pressure. The development of domestic investment, consumption and export is less than expected, and the pessimism in the real estate market still exists. Affected by the development of the real estate industry, the air-conditioning industry has also been affected.

At the same time, live e-commerce and interest e-commerce have developed rapidly, the pattern of white electricity market has been rapidly reshaped, and online direct sales have surged. Gree’s distribution system is losing its advantages in the offline era, and it is even more powerless to cope with market changes.

Dong Mingzhu was born in 1954, and now he is 69 years old. Although Dong Mingzhu has repeatedly stressed that "I think my mind is young, like 25 years old", time and tide wait for no man. Facing the ever-changing technological changes, market environment and young consumers’ demands, I’m afraid Dong Mingzhu can’t untie the knot that Gree has unscrewed.

0six

tag

In 2013, on the CCTV stage, faced with the proposal that Lei Jun’s millet turnover could surpass Gree in the next five years, he wanted to bet one yuan. Dong Mingzhu boldly said that he would "bet one billion".

This is a confrontation between the traditional "one brother in manufacturing" and the new economic enterprises. Five years later, standing at the time of 2018, Xiaomi lost Gree. At that time, Gree’s performance was still growing, and Dong Mingzhu also had enough confidence to fight Xiaomi.

However, shortly thereafter, Lei Jun talked about the second gambling contract, while Dong Mingzhu changed his old car-scrapping, symbolically responding "He is willing to renew, of course I can". The reason is self-evident. Dong Mingzhu knows better than the outside world that Gree has reached the top of the mountain on the ramp of air conditioning.

Over the top of the mountain, it is downhill..

After leaving his post, Meng Yutong, the former secretary, talked about topics such as work intensity, working hours and salary on social platforms.

Dong Mingzhu repeatedly responded to Meng Yutong’s departure on different occasions. On November 6, in an interview with Caijing Langyan, he said frankly, "It is impossible to advertise on the platform of Gree and then go outside. This is definitely illegal."

According to the video shared by Tik Tok user "Jeanette Mud Duck", Dong Mingzhu once again mentioned Meng Yutong in his induction speech, saying that he only wanted to use Gree platform as his own online celebrity, which had a bad influence in the company. And said that just thinking about making more money is no different from walking dead.

The grey line of grass snake is a thousand miles long. By comparing Dong Mingzhu’s attitude towards employees and the concept of employing people, it is not difficult to understand Gree’s present situation.

In the face of the accelerated new era of artificial intelligence, the younger generation with more diversified needs, and the changes in online direct sales channels, I am afraid that Gree can win the next battle through the cycle.It will take time to test..

References:

1. Dong Mingzhu responded to Gree’s "failure" this year for the first time: better than the world’s top 500 mines. First Finance.

2. Don’t be too hard on Meng Yutong.

3. Dong Mingzhu’s many remarks against employees’ job-hopping were hotly discussed by netizens. Securities Times.

4. Dong Mingzhu refuses to accept: the Schrodinger ending of Gree’s diversification. What Wall Street has seen.

5. Dong Mingzhu said that Gree’s mobile phone quality is the first in the world, and its daily sales volume is expected to reach 100,000 units. Interface news.

6. There is a Wang Ziru between Dong Yuhui and Meng Yutong.

710 million gambling. Baidu Encyclopedia.

On November 6, 8, Caijing Langyan.

9. Gree Dong Mingzhu can’t let go of Meng Yutong.

10. Dong Mingzhu: Create your own marketing model and "revolutionize" yourself. Xinhua Daily Telegraph.

11. Gree Electric Annual Performance Report for 2012-2022.

12. Midea Group’s annual performance report for 2019-2022.

13. Haier Zhijia’s 2019-2022 annual performance report.

　　[rumor]

　　◎ Our reporter Chen Xi

　　These days, there has been a cold wave weather in China, and the temperature in most areas has plummeted. The cold wave not only affected a wide range, but also was accompanied by rain and snow.

　　Some rumors related to winter have also taken advantage of this cold wave to brush a wave of "existence": "triple" La Nina brings three times the cold, velvet is the warmest clothing material at present, the longer the car is hot in winter, the better, and the frost on persimmon is a preservative … … These rumors mislead the masses and have a negative social impact.

　　Today, the reporter of Science and Technology Daily took stock of the rumors in November one by one and smashed them with the power of science.

　　"Triple" La Nina brings triple cold?

　　Truth: La Nina is just one of the factors that affect winter temperature.

　　According to the latest data released by the World Meteorological Organization, the La Ni? a event that has lasted for a long time (hereinafter referred to as La Ni? a) is likely to continue until the end of this year or longer, which will be the first time in the 21st century that there will be a "triple" La Ni? a, that is, there will be three consecutive La Ni? a winters in the northern hemisphere.

　　As soon as the news came out, it immediately attracted widespread attention, and some netizens gave their own "interpretation": "triple" La Nina will definitely bring three times the cold.

　　In this regard, Zhou Bing, chief expert of climate service of National Climate Center, said that "triple" La Nina is not triple La Nina. "Triple" La Nina means that three consecutive winters from 2020 have been affected by La Nina. The impact is not constantly superimposed year after year, nor does it mean that the climate impact will double year by year.

　　La Nina refers to the phenomenon that the sea surface temperature in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific Ocean continues to be abnormally cold, also known as the anti-El Ni? o phenomenon. When La Nina appears, it is usually accompanied by global climate chaos. At this time, China is prone to cold winter and hot summer, and the number of tropical cyclones landing in China will be more than normal, resulting in the phenomenon of "drought in the south and waterlogging in the north". In Indonesia, eastern Australia, northeastern Brazil and other places, there will be more rainfall; The equatorial regions of Africa and the southeastern United States are prone to drought.

　　In the winter when most La Nina reaches its peak, the cold air that affects our country will appear more frequently. According to statistics, from 1990s to February 2022, in autumn and winter when La Nina appeared, cold air affected China 141 times, of which 27 times reached the level of cold wave.

　　"However, there are many factors that determine the temperature in winter, and La Nina is just one of many factors." Zhou Bing emphasized that the winter temperature in China is not only closely related to the intensity of winter monsoon in East Asia, but also related to factors such as Arctic sea ice, Eurasian snow and atmospheric circulation system. Therefore, although there is a greater probability of cold temperature in La Nina’s winter, it does not mean that there will be cold winter.

　　After 1986, the frequency of "meeting" between La Nina and warm winters increased, among which 1998 and 2020 were strong warm winters. The National Climate Center pointed out in the Forecast of Climate Trends in Winter 2022/2023 and Spring 2023 released on November 3, 2022 that it is expected that the cold air intensity affecting China will be weak in general this winter (December 2022 to February 2023), and the temperature in most parts of the country will be close to the same period of the year or high.

　　Experts from the National Climate Center said that climate prediction is a highly professional scientific research business, which needs to be based on a large number of climate observation data and supported by high-resolution numerical forecasting products, so as to conduct comprehensive judgment and analysis, and finally draw scientific conclusions cautiously.

　　Deron is the warmest garment material at present?

　　Truth: There are many materials similar to its warm-keeping effect.

　　As soon as the weather turns cold, many people begin to buy thermal underwear. Go to the e-commerce platform to search for "thermal underwear", and many products have the words "Derong" on their packages. Derong has almost become the most frequent thermal clothing material this year. Many related businesses claim that Deron can generate heat by itself, and it is the warmest garment material at present.

　　So, what is the truth?

　　"Deron is a transliteration of the English word Dralon, which is an acrylic fiber developed by an international life science group in Germany. The main component is polyacrylonitrile fiber." Xu Lei, an associate professor of tianjin polytechnic university Textile Science and Engineering College, said in an interview with Science and Technology Daily that Deron is not a new thing, and it entered the Chinese market as early as 2011.

　　"Derong’s principle of keeping warm has nothing to do with self-heating, but is mainly related to the thermal conductivity of air." Xu Lei said that the thermal conductivity of an object represents its ability to transfer heat, and the low thermal conductivity of air means that its ability to transfer heat is low, that is, heat is not easily lost, so the more air the fabric can store, the better its warmth retention effect. Deron’s cross-section is double-T-shaped, which not only makes the fabric fluffy and thick, but also enables it to "lock" more still air, thus forming an insulation layer and reducing the heat dissipation of human body.

　　"However, ‘ Deron is the warmest garment material at present ’ The statement is incorrect. " Xu Lei said that although the thermal conductivity of Deron is only 0.05 W/m Kelvin, which is relatively low among thermal insulation materials, there are many materials with similar thermal insulation effects among fiber materials.

　　In addition, the moisture absorption performance of cashmere is also relatively general. In contrast, cashmere material is also very warm, and it is soft, comfortable, hygroscopic and elastic. Another example is the down jacket, whose high bulkiness can also retain a large amount of static air, thus playing a warm role and not easily generating static electricity.

　　Is the frost on persimmon a preservative?

　　Truth: Frost is a natural persimmon frost.

　　Persimmon is a cake-like food made of persimmon, and it is also one of the most anticipated foods in winter. Everyone who has eaten persimmon knows that there is more or less a layer of white powder on persimmon, but most people don’t know what this layer of frost is, so it is circulated on the Internet that it is an artificially added preservative.

　　In this regard, Tian Shufen, a professor from tianjin agricultural university, said in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily that the white frost on persimmon is called persimmon frost, which is a naturally formed icing in the production process of persimmon, and is not a preservative, which is harmless to the human body, and consumers can safely eat it.

　　When making persimmon, you need to peel the persimmon first, and then dry the peeled persimmon. In the process of drying in the sun, persimmon will separate out nutrients such as fructose and glucose. After the water evaporates, these nutrients will gradually accumulate and crystallize, and finally persimmon cream will be formed.

　　"Persimmon cream has the effects of moistening lung, relieving cough, stopping bleeding, promoting fluid production and relieving sore throat, and has certain curative effect on symptoms such as sore throat and cough." Tian Shufen introduced that persimmon cream is rich in vitamin B_2, which also has a certain therapeutic effect on aphtha.

　　Generally speaking, the amount of persimmon cream on the outer layer of persimmon is determined by the temperature and drying time. The colder the weather and the longer the drying time, the sweeter the persimmon will be and the more persimmon cream will be. In the process of storage and transportation, if the ambient temperature rises, persimmon frost may melt and become less, which is what we often call "returning frost".

　　However, consumers don’t need to excessively pursue the amount of persimmon cream. They need to be wary of unscrupulous merchants who artificially sprinkle flour, starch and other substances on persimmon in order to improve the "face value" of persimmon. After artificial "whitening", the persimmon looks even, but as long as it is shaken gently, the white powder on it will fall off, and its taste is not the sweet feeling of persimmon cream.

　　The longer the car is hot in winter, the better?

　　Truth: Overheating a car can damage the engine.

　　Before exercise, people usually warm up in advance in order to reduce the harm caused by exercise. Before a car runs, it also needs a "hot car". Experienced old drivers know that in winter, after the car is started in outdoor low temperature environment, it needs to run at idle speed (make the car engine run in neutral position) for a period of time before driving normally.

　　Recently, however, many people said that the longer the warm-up time is, the better, because it is too cold outdoors in winter, which can make the engine warm up more fully.

　　Does this statement make sense?

　　In this regard, Liu Jun, a teacher from the School of Automotive Engineering of Tianjin Vocational College, said in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily reporter that in winter, due to the low outdoor temperature and poor fuel atomization, it is best to gradually heat up the engine when starting it outdoors, and it is not appropriate to use the engine with accelerated and afterburner, so as to reduce the wear of the engine and improve fuel economy.

　　In addition, under the condition of low temperature, the fluidity of engine oil will decrease and the viscosity will increase, so it is difficult to lubricate the engine quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to warm up the car before driving in winter, but the damage to the car caused by excessive warm-up is not small.

　　"There are two main aspects of the damage to the car when the hot car is too long. First, it will make the engine produce carbon deposit (a burnt substance produced by unsaturated olefin and gum in fuel at high temperature during engine operation), which will further affect its performance, especially shorten the service life of engine spark plugs. Second, in the process of idling, the fuel concentration is high, and idling for a long time will waste fuel, increase pollutant emissions, and increase the workload of three-way catalytic converters and particle traps (OPF). " Liu Jun explained.

　　For pure electric vehicles, Liu Jun reminded that the driving device of electric vehicles is mainly composed of motors, power batteries and control systems, and the energy for driving pure electric vehicles comes from batteries, so there is no hot car problem. However, it should be noted that the hybrid vehicle needs to be warmed up. When its mileage exceeds the cruising range in pure electric mode, it needs to be switched from pure electric mode to fuel mode. At this time, if it is not warmed up, it will also damage the engine. Therefore, in this case, the driver had better warm up the car in fuel mode before driving normally.

Country Garden’s response came.

On June 5th, in response to the news that its Country Garden Venture Capital may sell the equity of Changxin Storage, a memory chip manufacturer, thus raising 2 billion yuan, Country Garden responded to a reporter from China, a brokerage firm, saying that the company is actively considering various strategies aimed at optimizing the asset-liability structure, including carefully evaluating the asset portfolio and exploring potential asset disposal opportunities.

Country Garden is still in difficulties. Due to the failure to publish the 2023 annual report on schedule, Country Garden has suspended trading since April this year. At the same time, Country Garden is also facing a debt liquidation hearing. At present, the Hong Kong High Court has ordered that the petition hearing be postponed until June 11.

Respond to the sale of Changxin Storage Equity.

Country Garden, which is in trouble, heard the news of disposing of assets.

Some foreign media reported that Country Garden Venture Capital, a subsidiary of Country Garden, is seeking to sell its shares in Changxin Storage Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as "Changxin Storage"), raising about 2 billion yuan. However, the sale time is still under negotiation, and the final result is inconclusive.

According to official website, Changxin Storage is an integrated memory manufacturing company, focusing on the design, research and development, production and sales of dynamic random access memory chips (DRAM). It is a competitor of Micron Technology and Samsung Electronics. Changxin Storage was founded in 2016. Changxin Storage is headquartered in Hefei, Anhui, and has several R&D centers and branches at home and abroad.

In response to the above news, Country Garden insiders told China, a brokerage firm, that the company is committed to actively exploring various strategies to optimize the asset-liability structure, including prudent assessment of the asset portfolio and potential asset disposal opportunities.

"If there is any substantial progress or specific decision, we will disclose it to the market in a timely manner in accordance with relevant regulations." The above insiders said.

According to Tianyancha information, Country Garden holds 1.6805% of the shares of Changxin Technology Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Changxin Technology") through the equity investment partnership (limited partnership) of No.5 Huibi, Nanhai District, Foshan City under Country Garden Venture Capital, and the latter holds 100% of the shares of Changxin Storage.

In March this year, the listed company Zhaoyi Innovation (603986.SH) announced that it planned to make a strategic capital increase of 1.5 billion yuan for Changxin Technology. After the capital increase is completed, Zhaoyi Innovation will hold about 1.88% of the equity of Changxin Technology. Before this capital increase, Zhaoyi Innovation held about 0.95% equity of Changxin Technology, which also indicated that the valuation of Changxin Technology may increase from the previous 139.982 billion yuan to 161.29 billion yuan, and Country Garden held more than 2 billion yuan.

Country Garden seeks to save itself from difficulties.

In fact, due to its predicament, it is not surprising that Country Garden sold its equity to cash in funds to save itself.

On June 5th, Country Garden announced that in May this year, the contracted sales attributable to shareholders’ equity of the Company reached 4.29 billion yuan. The contracted sales floor area attributable to shareholders’ equity of the Company is 440,000 square meters.

In the first five months of this year, Country Garden realized the contracted sales attributable to shareholders’ equity of the Company of 21.65 billion yuan, down 80.8% from 112.76 billion yuan in the same period of last year; The contracted sales floor area attributable to shareholders’ equity of the Company was 2.251 million square meters, down 84.39% from 14.42 million square meters in the same period of last year.

On May 13th this year, at the monthly management meeting of Country Garden, Yang Huiyan, chairman of the Board of Directors of Country Garden, said that although the company was experiencing market tests, its balance sheet remained relatively healthy. She revealed that the Group is actively optimizing its asset structure and reducing financial risks to ensure that it can quickly seize opportunities when the market recovers.

Yang Huiyan also said that the policy is gradually improving. As long as we persist in the trough, the real estate industry will surely usher in spring.

Country Garden announced on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in March this year that it is expected that it will take longer to complete the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for 2023, and it will not be able to publish the annual results for 2023 on schedule. In view of this, Country Garden has been suspended since the beginning of April this year.

Country Garden will also face a liquidation hearing. The petitioner, Ever Credit Limited (Jiantao Group), filed a liquidation petition with the High Court of Hong Kong in February this year due to the unpaid term loan and emergency interest of about HK$ 1.6 billion, and the first hearing was held on May 17.

In May this year, after the two parties went to court, Country Garden applied for an adjournment to prepare more evidence. The two sides subsequently agreed to postpone the case until June 11th.

Editor: Tactical constancy

Proofreading: Li Lingfeng

I. party constitution

1. Constitution of the Communist Party of China

(The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China partially revised, adopted on October 24, 2017)

Second, the party’s organizational regulations

(1) Party organization

2. Regulations on the work of local committees in the Communist Party of China (CPC)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 25th, 2015)

3. Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on Working Organs (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on March 1, 2017)

4 the Communist Party of China (CPC) branch work regulations (Trial)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on October 28, 2018)

5. Regulations on the Work of Rural Grassroots Organizations in the Communist Party of China (CPC)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 28, 2018)

6. the Communist Party of China (CPC) Party Working Regulations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on April 6, 2019)

7. Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on the Work of Grassroots Organizations of the Party and State Organs

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 27, 2019)

Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on the Work of Grassroots Organizations of State-owned Enterprises (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 30, 2019)

9. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CCCPC) Work Regulations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on September 30, 2020)

10. Regulations on the work of grass-roots organizations in ordinary colleges and universities in the Communist Party of China (CPC)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on April 16, 2021)

11. Interim Provisions on Some Specific Issues of the Party’s Local Congresses at Various Levels

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on February 1, 1985)

(2) Inner-party elections

12. Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on the Election of Grassroots Organizations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on July 13, 2020)

13. Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on the Election of Local Organizations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 28th, 2020)

(III) Organizational work of the Party

14. Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on Organizational Work

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on May 22, 2021)

(4) Symbol of the Party

15 the emblem and flag of the Communist Party of China (CPC) regulations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on June 26, 2021)

Third, the party’s leadership regulations

(A) the Party leads rural work

16. Regulations on Rural Work in the Communist Party of China (CPC)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on August 19, 2019)

(2) The establishment of the Party’s leading bodies

17. Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on the Establishment of Institutions

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on August 5, 2019)

18. Provisions on statistical work of institutions (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Office of the Central Organization Establishment Committee on March 16, 2010)

19. Measures for filing organizational matters

(Issued by the Office of the Central Organization Establishment Committee on December 12, 2013)

(3) The Party leads the construction of the rule of law

20. Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on Political and Legal Work

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on January 13, 2019)

21. Measures for openly selecting legislators, judges and prosecutors from lawyers and legal experts.

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on June 2, 2016)

22 protection of judicial personnel to perform their statutory duties according to law.

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on July 21, 2016)

23. The principal responsible persons of the party and government perform the duties of the first responsible person to promote the rule of law.

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on November 30, 2016)

(4) Party leaders publicize ideological and cultural work.

24 Party committees (party groups) measures for the implementation of the network security work responsibility system

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on August 15th, 2017)

25 Interim Measures for the administration of online names of party and government organs, institutions and social organizations

(Issued by the Office of the Central Organization Establishment Committee and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on February 20, 2014)

26 party and government organs website audit, qualification review and website logo management measures

(Issued by the Office of the Central Organization Establishment Committee and the Office of the Central Network Security and Informatization Leading Group on August 22, 2014)

27 national high-end think tank management measures (Trial)

(Issued by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee on November 26th, 2015)

28 Interim Measures for the supervision and administration of state-owned assets of central cultural enterprises

(Issued by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Finance on January 22, 2017)

(5) Social governance under the leadership of the Party.

29 improve the implementation of the comprehensive management of social security leadership responsibility system.

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on February 27, 2016)

30 measures for the implementation of the responsibility system for letters and visits

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on October 8, 2016)

31 local party and government leading cadres safety production responsibility system provisions

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on April 8, 2018)

32 local party and government leading cadres food safety responsibility system provisions

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on February 5, 2019)

(6) the party leads the United front work.

33. Regulations on the work of socialist colleges

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 22, 2018)

34 the Communist Party of China (CPC) United Front Work Regulations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 21, 2020)

Fourth, the party’s own construction laws and regulations

(A) comprehensive

35 provisions on the implementation of the responsibility system for building a clean and honest government.

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on November 10, 2010)

36. Party committees (leading groups) shall implement the provisions on comprehensively and strictly administering the party’s main responsibility.

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on March 9, 2020)

(B) the party’s political construction

37. Some guidelines on political life within the Party.

(Adopted at the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee in communist party, China on February 29, 1980)

38. Some Guidelines on Political Life within the Party under the New Situation

(Adopted at the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of communist party, China on October 27th, 2016) 39. Regulations on Request for Report on Major Matters in the Communist Party of China (CPC).

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on January 31, 2019)

40. The party committees of the central and state organs and departments shall consult the working committees of the central and state organs for work regulations on reporting.

(Issued by the Working Committee of Central and State Organs on June 10, 2020)

(C) the party’s ideological construction

41 the Communist Party of China (CPC) Party School (School of Administration) Work Regulations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on October 25, 2019)

42 the Communist Party of China (CPC) Party Committee (Party Group) Theory Learning Center Group Learning Rules

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on January 30, 2017)

43 central and state organs to implement the "the Communist Party of China (CPC) Party Committee (Party Group) theoretical learning center group learning rules" implementation measures.

(Issued by the Working Committee of Central and State Organs on September 21, 2018)

44 central and state organs cadres and workers’ ideological dynamic analysis report method

(Issued by the Working Committee of Central and State Organs on April 29, 2020)

(D) the party’s organizational construction

45. the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Supplementary Provisions on Dealing with the Party Membership and Party Age during party member’s Leaving the Party before the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

(the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued on May 14, 1982)

46 provisions on the recommendation of leading cadres by local party committees to local state organs tui

(the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued on January 12, 1990)

47. Regulations on the Education and Training of Cadres

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on October 14th, 2015)

48 Party and state organs at or above the county level in party member leading cadres democratic life will be a number of provisions.

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 23, 2016)

49. Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Leading Cadres of the Party and Government

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on March 3, 2019)

50 members of the Communist Party of China (CPC) education management regulations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on May 6, 2019)

51 Interim Provisions on the Resignation of Leading Cadres of the Party and Government

(the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC issued on April 8, 2004)

52. The plenary session of the local committee of the Party shall vote on the candidates to be appointed and recommended by the leading bodies of the Party committees and governments at the next lower level.

(the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC issued on April 8, 2004) 53. Interim Provisions on the term of office of party and government leading cadres

(the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC issued on June 10, 2006)

54 Party and government leading cadres exchange work regulations

(the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC issued on June 10, 2006)

55 interim provisions on the withdrawal of leading cadres of the party and government

(the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC issued on June 10, 2006)

56 Interim Provisions on the Administration of Leaders of Financial Enterprises in China

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on November 16th, 2011)

57. Detailed Rules for the Development of party member in the Communist Party of China (CPC)

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on May 28th, 2014)

58 Interim Provisions on the administration of leaders of public institutions

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on May 28th, 2015)

59. Promote the appointment and dismissal of leading cadres (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on July 19th, 2015)

Provisions on the administration of professional and technical civil servants (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on July 8, 2016)

61 administrative law enforcement civil servants management regulations (Trial)

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on July 8, 2016)

62 provisions on the administration of the appointment system of civil servants (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on September 19, 2017)

63. Regulations on the work of cadres and personnel files

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on November 20, 2018)

64. Civil servants’ positions and ranks are stipulated in parallel.

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on March 19, 2019)

65 Provisions on Several Issues Concerning Communist party member’s Going Abroad or Going to Hong Kong and Macao for Private Affairs

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on September 1, 1981)

66. Interim Provisions on the Statistical Work of Cadres

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Personnel on May 11, 1992)

67. Provisions of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on inner-party statistical work

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on January 3, 1996)

68 Interim Provisions on the probationary period for leading cadres of the Party and government

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on February 6, 2001)

69. Interim Provisions on Letters and Visits of the Party Committee Organization Department

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on June 27th, 2006)

70 provisions on the collection, use and management of party dues in the Communist Party of China (CPC)

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on February 4, 2008)

71. Provisions on the collection and filing of cadres and personnel archives

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on July 16, 2009)

72 China Pudong, Jinggangshan, Yan ‘an Cadre College management approach

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on July 27th, 2012)

73. Measures for the administration of the training of "Light of the West" visiting scholars

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Science and Technology and China Academy of Sciences on March 29th, 2014)

74 measures for the administration of the work of the doctoral service group

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League on February 2, 2015)

75 measures for the adjustment of the management system of party building work after the decoupling of the chamber of commerce of the national trade association from the administrative organ (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on September 11, 2015)

76 Interim Measures for the administration of leaders of institutions of higher learning

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Education on January 13, 2017)

77 Interim Measures for the administration of leaders in primary and secondary schools

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Education on January 13, 2017)

78 Interim Measures for the administration of leaders of scientific research institutions

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Science and Technology on January 13, 2017)

79 Interim Measures for the administration of leaders of public hospitals

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and the National Health and Family Planning Commission on January 13, 2017)

80. Interim Measures for the management of leaders of institutions that publicize ideological and cultural systems

(Issued by the Organization Department and Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee on January 13, 2017)

81 measures for the implementation of the post-holding talks of the party Committee secretaries, deputy secretaries and disciplinary Committee secretaries of the central and state organs and departments

(Issued by the Working Committee of Central and State Organs on November 6, 2018)

82 provisions of the central and state organs on strict party organization and life system (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Working Committee of Central and State Organs on April 22, 2019)

83. Working Rules for Party Groups of Central and State Organs (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Working Committee of Central and State Organs on April 22, 2019)

84 measures for the administration of professional and technical civil servants’ rank setting (Trial)

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on April 24, 2019)

85 administrative measures for the establishment of civil servants’ ranks in administrative law enforcement (Trial)

(Issued by the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on April 24, 2019) 86. Measures for the Evaluation of Professional and Technical Qualifications of Professional and Technical Civil Servants (Trial)

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on April 24, 2019)

87. Provisions on post grading of newly recruited civil servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on April 24, 2019)

88. Provisions on the Employment of Civil Servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on November 26, 2019)

89. Provisions on the Transfer of Civil Servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on November 26, 2019)

90. Provisions on the training of civil servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on November 26, 2019)

91 regulations on the administration of cadres’ education and training students

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on November 28, 2019)

92. Provisions on the scope of civil servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on March 3, 2020)

93. Measures for the registration of civil servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on March 3, 2020)

94 measures for the administration of posts, ranks and grades of civil servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on March 3, 2020)

95. Refer to the measures for examination and approval of units managed by People’s Republic of China (PRC) Civil Service Law.

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on March 3, 2020)

96 measures for the collection, use and management of party dues of grass-roots party organizations of central and state organs (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Working Committee of Central and State Organs on April 29, 2020)

97. Provisions on the Transfer of Civil Servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on December 28th, 2020)

98. Provisions on the withdrawal of civil servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on December 28th, 2020)

99. civil servants to resign stipulates

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on December 28th, 2020)

100. Provisions on dismissal of civil servants

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on December 28th, 2020)

(V) Construction of the Party’s Work Style

101 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on several provisions of the central level departments to send people to check the work.

(the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued on May 18, 1953)

102 provisions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on the living conditions of senior cadres.

(the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued on November 13, 1979)

103. The party and government organs practise strict economy and oppose waste regulations.

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on November 18th, 2013)

104 regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on the openness of party affairs (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 20, 2017)

105 measures for the administration of national literary and art press and publication awards

(General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued on March 1, 2005)

106 measures for the administration of festival activities (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on May 29, 2012)

107 provisions of the party and government organs on the administration of domestic official reception

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on December 1, 2013)

108 Interim Provisions on Prohibiting the Establishment of Private Clubs in Historical Buildings, Parks and Other Public Resources

(the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council General Offices forwarded on October 19, 2014)

109 measures for the administration of office buildings of party and government organs

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on December 5, 2017)

110 measures for the administration of official vehicles of party and government organs

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on December 5, 2017)

111 appraisal standards in recognition of activities management approach

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on December 21, 2018)

(VI) Party discipline construction

112. Several Provisions of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Prohibiting Violation of Policies and Embezzlement in Accepting Donations from Overseas Chinese

(the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China forwarded on October 4, 1979)

113. Provisions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Further Stopping Party and Government Organs and Cadres from Doing Business and Running Enterprises

(the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued on February 4, 1986)

114. the Communist Party of China (CPC) Integrity and Self-discipline Guidelines

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on October 18th, 2015)

115. Several Provisions of the General Office of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on the issue of retired (divorced) cadres of party and state organs at or above the county level running enterprises through business.

(General Office of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued on October 3, 1988)

116 provisions on decoupling the party and government organs from the economic entities they run.

(General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council forwarded on October 9, 1993)

117 provisions on the implementation of the registration system for gifts received by the staff of the party and state organs in domestic exchanges

(General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued on April 30, 1995)

118. The organs of political science and law retain certain provisions on standardized management of enterprises.

(General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued on May 14, 1999)

119 provisions on personal securities investment behavior of party and government organs.

(General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued on April 3, 2001)

120 provisions on the integrity of leaders of state-owned enterprises

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on July 1, 2009)

121 rural grassroots cadres to perform their duties in a clean manner (Trial)

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on May 23, 2011)

122 Provisions on the Commission for Discipline Inspection to Assist Party Committees in Organizing and Coordinating Anti-corruption Work (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on July 26, 2005)

123 provisions of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on strictly prohibiting the use of his position to seek illegitimate interests

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on May 29th, 2007)

Five, the party’s supervision and protection laws and regulations

(1) Supervision

124 the Communist Party of China (CPC) inner-party supervision regulations

(Adopted at the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of communist party, China on October 27th, 2016)

125 the Communist Party of China (CPC) inspection work regulations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on July 1, 2017)

126 Interim Measures for admonishing conversations and letters to leading cadres in party member.

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on December 19th, 2005)

127 Interim Provisions on Reporting on Work and Honesty of Leading Cadres in party member

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on December 19th, 2005)

128 local Party committee members and members of the Commission for Discipline Inspection to carry out intra-party inquiries and inquiries (Trial)

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on April 22, 2007)

129 leading cadres to report personal related matters

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on February 8, 2017)

130 provisions on the audit of natural resources assets of leading cadres (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on September 19, 2017)

131 provisions on the prevention and punishment of statistical fraud and fraud supervision.

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on August 24, 2018) 132. Work Rules for Supervision and Discipline of Discipline Inspection Organs in communist party, China

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on December 28, 2018)

133. The construction of a government under the rule of law and the responsibility to implement the provisions on the work of inspectors

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on April 15, 2019)

134 central ecological environmental protection inspectors work regulations

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on June 6, 2019)

135 the main leading cadres of the party and government and the main leaders of state-owned enterprises and institutions economic responsibility audit provisions

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on July 7, 2019)

136 discipline inspection and supervision organs to deal with the work rules of accusation.

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on January 21, 2020)

137. Regulations of the Party’s Disciplinary Inspection Organs on the Trial of Cases

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on July 14, 1987)

138 Interim Provisions of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the work of discipline inspection of industrial enterprises owned by the whole people

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on November 5, 1990)

139. Measures for handling cases for soliciting opinions undertaken by the case trial room of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection

(Issued by the General Office of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on June 13, 1991)

140 provisions of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Communist Party of China on the working procedures for hearing disciplinary cases in party member.

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on July 13, 1991)

141 communist party, China, the disciplinary inspection organ complaint work regulations.

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on August 22, 1993)

142. Regulations of communist party Municipality on the Work of Case Inspection of Discipline Inspection Organs.

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on March 25, 1994)

143 detailed rules for the implementation of the regulations on the work of case inspection of the discipline inspection organs in communist party, China

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on March 25, 1994)

144 measures for the administration of case files of discipline inspection and supervision organs

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of Supervision and the State Archives Bureau on July 1, 1998)

145 Interim Measures for the determination of property prices involved in the investigation and handling of cases by discipline inspection and supervision organs

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Supervision and the Ministry of Finance on December 10, 2010)

146. The organization has worked out the provisions on the acceptance of the "12310" report.

(Issued by the Office of the Central Organization Establishment Committee on April 12, 2011)

147 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, the party committee of the county (city, district, flag) inspection work implementation measures.

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on August 2, 2012) 148. Detailed implementation rules for organizing personnel departments to remind, inquire and admonish leading cadres.

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on June 28th, 2015)

149. Organize the personnel department to reply to the letter of inquiry of leading cadres and adopt the feedback method.

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on April 23, 2018)

(2) Evaluation

150 regulations on the assessment of leading cadres of the party and government

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on April 7, 2019)

151 measures for the assessment of civil servants at ordinary times (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on November 26, 2019)

152 Party Committee (Party Group) secretary pays attention to the assessment methods of grass-roots party building work (Trial)

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on December 30, 2019)

153 central and state organs at the grass-roots level party organization secretary to grasp the party building work debriefing appraisal implementation measures (Trial)

(Issued by the Central and State Organs Working Committee on April 28, 2020)

154. Civil servant assessment regulations

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on December 28th, 2020)

(3) rewards and punishments

155 the Communist Party of China (CPC) City, the party meritorious honor recognition regulations.

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on August 8, 2017)

156 national meritorious honor recognition regulations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on August 8, 2017)

157. Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on Disciplinary Actions

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on August 18, 2018)

158. the Communist Party of China (CPC) accountability regulations

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on August 25, 2019)

159 Interim Provisions on the implementation of accountability of party and government leading cadres

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on June 30, 2009)

160 leading cadres to intervene in judicial activities, intervene in the handling of specific cases of records, notification and accountability provisions.

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on March 18, 2015)

161 measures for investigating the responsibility of leading cadres of the party and government for ecological environment damage (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on August 9, 2015)

162 party discussion and decision of party member punishment work procedures (Trial)

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on November 29, 2018) 163. Measures for Supervision, Inspection and Accountability of the Selection and Appointment of Cadres

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on May 13, 2019)

164 the Communist Party of China (CPC) city organization regulations (Trial)

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on March 19th, 2021)

165. Interim Provisions of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the handling of Party membership and party discipline of party member who defected or left.

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on July 18, 1990)

166 on the party and government organs at or above the county (Department) level of party member leading cadres in violation of the provisions of honesty and self-discipline to buy, replace the car behavior of the party discipline approach.

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on August 26, 1996)

167 earthquake relief funds and materials management and use of violations of law and discipline punishment provisions

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Supervision on May 29, 2008)

168. Provisions on the record and accountability of cases involving internal personnel of judicial organs

(Issued by the Political and Legal Committee of the CPC Central Committee on March 29th, 2015)

169 measures for dealing with the problem of fraud in cadres’ personnel files (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on November 18th, 2015)

170 central and state organs to create a model of advanced units and pacesetter units selection and commendation measures (Trial)

(Issued by the Working Committee of Central and State Organs on July 3, 2020)

171. Provisions on Civil Servant Awards

(Issued by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on December 28th, 2020)

(4) Protection of rights in party member

172. Regulations of members of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on the Protection of Rights

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on December 25th, 2020)

173. Provisions of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Supervision of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Informants and Accusers

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Supervision on January 19, 1996)

(five) the operation of the organs.

174. Regulations on the work of government archives

(General Office of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued on April 28, 1983)

175 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Security Committee Office, the State Secrecy Bureau on the confidentiality management of state secret carriers.

(General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council forwarded on December 7, 2000)

176 Interim Measures for the administration of electronic documents

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on December 8, 2009) 177. Regulations of the Party and Government Organs on Handling Official Documents.

(Issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on April 16, 2012)

178 discipline inspection organs archives management regulations (Trial)

(Issued by the General Office of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee on April 28, 1989)

179 discipline inspection and supervision organs handling confidentiality provisions

(Issued by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Supervision on August 19, 1996)

(6) System construction guarantee

180. Regulations on the formulation of inner-party laws and regulations in the Communist Party of China (CPC)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on September 3, 2019)

181 the Communist Party of China (CPC) regulations and normative documents for the record review provisions.

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on September 3, 2019)

182 provisions of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on the responsibility system for the implementation of inner-party laws and regulations (for Trial Implementation)

(Issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on September 3, 2019)

183 provisions of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on the interpretation of internal party laws and regulations

(Issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on July 6, 2015)

Source: Law Press

Original title: "Collection | Catalogue of Inner-Party Regulations in the Communist Party of China (CPC)"

Read the original text

　　Focus on the two sessions in 2021: depicting the foreseeable future

　　This year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Party in the Communist Party of China (CPC), and it is also the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan. China will start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century. The China two sessions, which are at an important historical intersection, are worth looking forward to.

　　Aspect 1: Government Work Report and People’s Livelihood List

　　· Employment: give policy support to enterprises that don’t lay off employees and lay off fewer employees, and accelerate the pilot project of occupational injury protection.

　　·　Ecological environment: Strengthen the coordinated control of fine particles and ozone, and the clean heating rate in the northern region will reach 70%.

　　·　Education: Improve the guarantee mechanism of inclusive preschool education to better solve the problem of schooling for children of migrant workers.

　　·　Medical care: the per capita financial subsidy for residents’ medical insurance will be increased by 30 yuan, and the county-level medical service capacity will be improved.

　　·　Coping with aging: the participation rate of basic old-age insurance will be increased to 95% in the next five years, and the legal retirement age will be gradually delayed.

　　·　Consumption: increase residents’ income through multiple channels, and speed up e-commerce and express delivery into rural areas.

　　·　Housing: solve the outstanding housing problems in big cities and help new citizens and young people to alleviate their housing difficulties.

　　·　Rural revitalization: ensure that large-scale return to poverty does not occur, resolutely curb the "non-agricultural" of cultivated land and prevent "non-grain"

　　Aspect 2: Selected proposals of entrepreneurs’ two sessions

　　·　Dong Mingzhu: The tax threshold is raised to 10,000 yuan. Raising the "tax threshold" can effectively improve the real income level of residents, and making people have money to spend is the driving force to promote consumption and drive the "internal circulation" of the economy.

　　·　Ma Huateng: Support the new employment pattern. The new employment form has the characteristics of large employment capacity, low entry and exit threshold, strong flexibility and part-time job, forming a "reservoir" and a "buffer". It is suggested to further improve the relevant supporting mechanism and service system of the new employment form.

　　·　Lei Jun: Let the elderly integrate into digital life. Promote the digital service for the elderly to be incorporated into the national information infrastructure construction as soon as possible, know how to establish an aging standard system for smart technology, and promote the integration and development of smart technology aging scenarios and emerging formats.

　　·　Yu Minhong: The residence is nearby. It is suggested that in the Compulsory Education Law, "ensuring school-age children and adolescents to enter the school nearby where they live" be amended as "ensuring school-age children and adolescents to enter the school nearby where they live".

　　·　Zhang Jindong: Establish a data sharing platform. Strengthen the top-level design, establish a data governance Committee, and establish a national data sharing platform.

　　·　Zhou Hongyi: Pay attention to the safety of smart cars. It is suggested that the networked safety protection system of smart cars should be incorporated into the vehicle production, sales and service system, and gradually form mandatory requirements.

　　Anti-epidemic express

　　NEWS

　　More than 370,000 cases have been diagnosed globally, with a cumulative total of over 117 million cases.According to the real-time statistics of the Worldometer website, as of 6: 30 on March 8, Beijing time, there were 117,420,781 cases of COVID-19 diagnosed and 2,604,490 deaths. There were 376,633 new confirmed cases and 5,893 new deaths worldwide in a single day.

　　Chief scientist of the World Health Organization: Nearly 10% of the world’s population has Covid-19 antibodies.

　　According to Sputnik’s report on March 1st, Sumiya Swaminathan, chief scientist of the World Health Organization, said that nearly 10% of the world’s population already has Covid-19 antibody, and continued vaccination is the only way to achieve "collective immunity".

　　Zhong Nanshan Dialogue Fauci: It will take at least 2 ~ 3 years for the whole world to achieve group immunity.

　　On March 1st, at the forum of "Fast Recovery on the Right Track: Sino-US Cooperation in Prevention, Control and Treatment of COVID-19 Epidemic", Zhong Nanshan, the head of National Health Commission’s high-level expert group, said that group immunization can’t be achieved by making a large number of people sick, and it must be achieved through vaccination based on science. Global mass immunization takes at least 2-3 years, or even longer. However, in China, 60 different vaccine projects are currently under way, and 6 of them have entered the third phase of clinical practice.

　　WHO: The idea of ending the epidemic before the end of this year is unrealistic.

　　On March 1st, local time, Michael Ryan, the head of WHO’s health emergency project, said that it was unrealistic to end the epidemic before the end of the year, and it was still too early. It was wise to reduce the number of hospitalized cases as much as possible, which was a tragedy caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

　　Boeing said that the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on its global aircraft delivery will last for up to 10 years.

　　On March 4th, David Schulte, managing director of Boeing’s commercial aircraft marketing business in India, Southeast Asia and Asia Pacific, said that the COVID-19 epidemic "will definitely have an impact on our expected delivery volume in the next decade." Schulte said that globally, due to the grounding of many old aircraft during the epidemic, the fleet retirement rate of airlines is expected to double from 2% to 3% to about 5%.

　　Sweden reported a case of COVID-19 infection in the mother’s womb.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Stockholm, March 4, Swedish researchers recently published a report in the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, saying that a study on a pregnant woman who underwent emergency cesarean section and related newborns showed that the fetus had been infected with Covid-19 in the mother’s womb.

　　Disease control experts: the vaccine protection time limit is not only half a year.

　　How long is the protective prescription of COVID-19 vaccine? On March 4th, Pang Xinghuo, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said in an interview that the protection period of COVID-19 vaccine is not only half a year, but because the vaccination time is still very short, and there are only half a year’s data at present.

　　Ministry of Foreign Affairs: China has exported about 43.85 billion masks to the United States.

　　The Ministry of Foreign Affairs said on March 5 that from March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021, China exported about 43.85 billion masks to the United States. China is willing to continue to work together with all countries in the world, including the United States, to strive for an early victory over the epidemic.

　　WHO: COVAX has delivered more than 20 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine to 20 countries.

　　The World Health Organization said on March 5th that the COVID-19 Vaccine Implementation Plan (COVAX) jointly launched by it and its partners has delivered more than 20 million doses of vaccines to 20 countries, and another 31 countries will be delivered next week.

　　Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO, warned that the collective trauma of the COVID-19 epidemic was greater than that of World War II.

　　According to the website of the US Consumer News and Business Channel reported on March 5, WHO Director-General Tan Desai said at a news conference that day: "After World War II, the world experienced collective trauma, because World War II affected the lives of many people. Now, the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic is more serious, and more people’s lives have been affected. Almost the whole world has been affected, and in fact everyone in this world has been affected. " He also said: "This means collective trauma, even greater than what the world experienced after World War II."

　　Policy voice

　　NEWS

　　Ministry of Industry and Information Technology: China has become the largest manufacturing country for 11 consecutive years

　　On March 1, Xiao Yaqing, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology revealed at the press conference on the development of industry and informatization held by the State Council Office that China’s industrial added value increased from 23.5 trillion to 31.3 trillion, making it the largest manufacturing country in the world for 11 consecutive years. The proportion of manufacturing industry contributes nearly 30% to the world manufacturing industry.

　　Guangdong set up Greater Bay Area Competition Policy Committee to prevent disorderly expansion of capital.

　　People’s Daily reported on March 2nd that recently, the website of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government released the Implementation Plan for Guangdong Province to Further Promote Competition Policy in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, which mainly included the establishment of the Competition Policy Committee of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area City, Guangdong Province, the full implementation of fair competition review system, and the strengthening and improvement of anti-monopoly law enforcement.

　　Guo Shuqing: Strengthening anti-monopoly and preventing disorderly expansion of capital.　

　　On March 2, Guo Shuqing, President of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, said at the press conference of the State Council Office that 2021 is the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan, and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will take risk prevention as the eternal theme of the financial industry, monitor and resolve all kinds of financial risks relentlessly, strengthen the financial rule of law and improve the long-term mechanism. Maintain a fair competitive market environment, strengthen anti-monopoly and prevent disorderly expansion of capital, and ensure that financial innovation is carried out under the premise of prudence.

　　General Administration of Market Supervision: Five community group purchases were subject to administrative punishment.

　　On March 3, according to the official WeChat of the General Administration of Market Supervision, it was found that there were unfair price behaviors such as low-price dumping and price fraud in community group buying enterprises such as Orange Heart Optimization (Beijing) Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Wuhan Seven Delicious Technologies Co., Ltd. Four community group-buying enterprises, including Orange Heart Optimization (Beijing) Technology Development Co., Ltd., were given an administrative penalty of 1.5 million yuan, and Wuhan Qiwei Delicious Technology Co., Ltd. was given an administrative penalty of 500,000 yuan.

　　National Forestry and Grassland Administration: China will draw up the "14th Five-Year Plan" for wildlife protection.

　　On March 3rd, China. com reported that it was learned from the National Forestry and Grassland Bureau that China will study and compile the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" for wildlife protection, formulate special protection plans for key species such as gibbon and pangolin in Hainan, and accelerate the adjustment of the List of Terrestrial Wild Animals with Important Ecological, Scientific and Social Values and the assessment and identification of important habitats of terrestrial wild animals.

　　Beijing prohibits schools from participating in the operation and cooperation of "small dining table"

　　On March 3rd, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Municipal Market Supervision Bureau and Municipal Health and Health Commission jointly issued a document stating that by the end of 2021, schools, kindergarten canteens and student meal distribution enterprises will basically realize "internet plus’s bright kitchen". Students’ afternoon and after-school activities are included in the full-time management of the school, and the system of going out for leave when eating outside the school is implemented. It is strictly forbidden for the school to participate in the operation and cooperation of the social "small table" in any form.

　　Hebei issued a notice: Xiong ‘an plans to afforest 25,000 mu this year.

　　On March 5 th, recently, the General Office of the People’s Government of Hebei Province issued a notice on the task of afforestation in 2021, and the task of afforestation in the province in 2021 was 6 million mu. Among them, xiong’an new area will afforest 25,000 mu.

　　The Ministry of Transport talks about Didi Company: earnestly fulfill the main responsibility of the enterprise and protect the legitimate rights and interests of drivers and consumers.

　　On March 6 th, according to the Ministry of Communications, the responsible comrades of the Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference Office for Collaborative Supervision of New Transportation Forms had an interview with Didi. The interview pointed out that Didi Company’s recent preparations for adjusting its business strategy in some cities were not sufficient, and communication and evaluation were not in place, which was suspected of infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of drivers and was widely concerned by the society.

　　Enterprise practice

　　NEWS

　　C919 passenger plane officially landed in the world!

　　On March 1st, China Eastern Airlines (600115, Share Bar) Group Co., Ltd. and China Commercial Aircraft Co., Ltd. formally signed the purchase contract of C919 large passenger aircraft in Shanghai, which is also the first formal purchase contract of domestic large aircraft C919 in the world. China Eastern Airlines will become the first airline in the world to operate C919 large passenger aircraft.

　　Li Yanhong issued a document on financing innovation: promoting high-quality economic development

　　On March 2nd, Li Yanhong, Chairman and CEO of Baidu, published a signed article "Promoting High-quality Development by Financing Innovation" in People’s Daily, saying that under the background of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and accelerated evolution of industrial transformation, financing innovation has become a conscious subject of innovation. Baidu will continue to open up its sources, increase its investment in personnel training, promote more and more industries to achieve intelligent industrial upgrading, and inject more vitality into high-quality development.

　　Volvo Cars Releases Sustainable Development Strategic Objectives

　　On March 2, at the sustainable development strategy conference held by Volvo Cars, Volvo Cars announced its strategic goal of sustainable development in the future-in 2025, the proportion of pure electric vehicles of Volvo Cars will reach 50%, and the rest will be hybrid vehicles; In 2030, it became a pure electric luxury car enterprise; In 2040, it became a climate zero-load benchmarking enterprise; All pure electric vehicles will be sold online.

　　Alibaba will cooperate strategically with New Hope in agriculture and cultivate 200,000 new farmers in three years.

　　On March 2, it was reported that Alibaba and New Hope were brewing strategic cooperation in the agricultural field. The two sides plan to jointly build a new type of e-commerce business entity and cultivate 200,000 new farmers nationwide within three years. The No.1 project of cooperation between Ali and New Hope is the "First Kilometer" project. The two sides plan to jointly introduce high-quality resources of agricultural scientists and focus on the "stuck neck" problem in key agricultural fields.

　　Sany Group spent 100 million yuan to reward meritorious employees.

　　On March 2, it was learned from Sany Group that at the "Sany Festival Commendation Meeting" held on February 28, 4,195 employees, 6 earthquake-resistant and disaster-resistant heroes and 33 gold medal employees of Sany Group won a total of nearly 100 million yuan. At the same time, Liang Wengen, chairman of Sany Group, promised that when the total market value of listed companies under Sany Group reached 1 trillion, every "gold medal employee" would be rewarded with 5 million yuan.

　　Tencent released the first self-developed robot dog Max.

　　On March 3 rd, Tencent officially released the first multi-modal quadruped robot dog Max, which is fully developed in software and hardware. It adopts the integrated design of foot and wheel, has the specialty of "walking steadily on rough roads and running fast on flat roads", and can also stand on both legs to "pay a new year’s greeting".

　　Huawei executives responded to rumors of getting involved in pig raising: Do not raise pigs, empower enterprises to raise pigs with AI.

　　On March 4th, Duan Aiguo, president of Huawei Machine Vision, responded in an interview that Huawei does not raise pigs, but empowers enterprises to raise pigs. He believes that the application of AI in pig enterprises is still in a very backward state compared with other industries. "There are also large pig companies that have taken the initiative to find us and hope to use technology to empower the pig industry together."

　　BYD notified the company of 10 typical anti-corruption cases.

　　On March 4th, BYD (002594, Share Bar) released 10 typical anti-corruption cases in the fourth quarter of 2020 through its official WeChat WeChat official account "Clean BYD", including employees accepting meals and accepting kickbacks and bribes. For employees who violate the relevant provisions of BYD’s integrity, the company will not only terminate the labor contract, but also input their information into the delisting inquiry system; Units that violate the integrity cooperation agreement shall be investigated for corresponding responsibilities according to the agreement; Acts suspected of violating the law and committing crimes shall be resolutely handed over to judicial organs for handling.

　　Chairman China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.: In 2025, the high-speed rail will cover 98% of the cities with a population of more than 500,000.

　　On March 6 th, recently, Lu Dongfu, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman and party secretary of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd., said in an interview with People’s Daily that the scale of projects under construction and approved during the 14 th Five-Year Plan has reached 3.19 trillion yuan; By 2025, the national railway mileage will reach about 170,000 kilometers, including about 50,000 kilometers of high-speed rail (including intercity railway). Railways basically cover cities with urban population of more than 200,000, and high-speed rail covers 98% of cities with urban population of more than 500,000.

　　Social livelihood

　　NEWS

　　China Consumers Association released a public opinion report on consumer rights protection during the Spring Festival: amusement facilities are more negative.

　　China Consumers Association released a public opinion analysis report on consumer rights protection during the Spring Festival on March 1st. The report pointed out that although the information of "consumer rights protection" showed a curve fluctuation trend during the monitoring period, the daily number of related public opinions was relatively balanced. This year’s "Spring Festival" holiday consumption negative information is mainly concentrated in amusement facilities, movie viewing services, fireworks display and other aspects.

　　In 2020, the number of patent applications in China ranked first in the world.

　　On March 2, local time, the World Intellectual Property Organization released the latest report that the number of international patent applications submitted through the World Intellectual Property Organization will continue to grow in 2020. The number of patent applications in China increased by 16.1% year-on-year, ranking first in the world with 68,720. Followed by the United States, the number of patent applications reached 59,230. Japan, South Korea and Germany ranked third, fourth and fifth.

　　Peking University received 1 billion yuan in personal donations.

　　On March 3rd, Li Yongxin, Chairman of Zhonggong Education (002607, Share Bar) Group, donated 1 billion yuan to Peking University to set up the Peking University Zhonggong Education Development Fund. This is the largest personal donation since Peking University was founded, and it is also the largest alumni donation. Previously, Li Yongxin had donated 180 million yuan to Peking University.

　　China’s winter paralympic Olympic mobilization has developed to a thousand people.

　　March 4th is the first anniversary of the countdown to the opening of the Beijing Winter Paralympics. On the same day, Zhang Haidi, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and executive chairman of BOCOG, revealed that the number of athletes in China’s Winter Paralympics has grown to thousands.

　　China’s 500-ton engine has been successfully tested in full-condition semi-system

　　On March 5th, the semi-system test run of the 500-ton liquid oxygen kerosene rocket engine developed by the Sixth Institute of Aerospace was a complete success, and a new breakthrough was made in the development of China’s heavy-duty launch vehicle engine.

　　International information

　　NEWS

　　British people eat an all-time high number of eggs, eating nearly 8 billion eggs a year.

　　According to the British "Sun" reported on February 28th, in 2020, the British ate nearly 8 billion eggs, with a total value of nearly 1.2 billion pounds (about 10.8 billion yuan), a record high. There are about 67 million people in Britain, which is equivalent to one person eating 120 eggs a year.

　　The United Nations website publishes the sustainable development report of Guangzhou.

　　Guangzhou Daily reported on March 1st that recently, "The Road to Green Development of Vibrant, Inclusive and Open Megacities —— Report on Guangzhou Local Voluntary Statement of UN Sustainable Development Goals" (referred to as "Report") was published in the column of UN Sustainable Development Goals in official website. Guangzhou became the first city in China to publish the report on the UN website. The experiences that can be used for reference are included in this report, including Baiyun Mountain (600332, Guba) project, coastal ecological restoration project, Haizhu wetland quality improvement and biodiversity protection and restoration.

　　G20 research group on sustainable finance resumed.　

　　China Business News reported on March 1 that recently, Italy, the presidency of G20, hosted the first video conference of G20 finance ministers and central bank governors in this year. The meeting agreed to resume the establishment of the G20 Sustainable Finance Research Group to study the financial risks brought by climate change, strengthen the disclosure of climate-related information and support the green transformation. The People’s Bank of China continued to co-chair the research group.

　　Japan’s largest IT company was born!

　　According to a report by the Japan Broadcasting Association on March 2, Z Holdings and Line Company, the parent companies of Yahoo Japan under Softbank Group, formally implemented business merger on March 1, and the largest IT company in Japan was born. It is reported that the new company has about 23,000 employees and a total of about 100 million users. The search and social media services are the largest in Japan, and the company also provides online services such as advertising, e-commerce and finance.

　　2021 Hurun Global Rich List released

　　On March 2nd, Hurun Research Institute released the 2021 Hurun Global Rich List. The list shows that there are 412 new billion-dollar entrepreneurs in the world, with a total of 3,228, a record high. Musk’s wealth increased by nearly one trillion yuan compared with last year, reaching 1.28 trillion yuan, making him the richest man in the world for the first time. Zhong Shanshan, a 67-year-old farmer from Nongfu Spring, became the first China entrepreneur to enter the top ten in the world with a wealth of 550 billion yuan, ranking seventh and becoming the richest man in Asia.

　　WHO reports that one fifth of the people in the world are hearing impaired.

　　On March 2, local time, the World Health Organization released the World Hearing Report. According to the report, at present, one fifth of the people in the world have hearing impairment, and hearing loss affects more than 1.5 billion people around the world. By 2050, it is estimated that one quarter of people will have hearing problems, and nearly 2.5 billion people will suffer from some degree of hearing loss, of which at least 700 million people will need rehabilitation services. WHO recommends that ear and hearing care services should be provided for all.

　　Tokyo Olympic Games will not receive foreign audiences.

　　According to Japan’s "Daily News" report, a number of related people revealed on March 3 that the Japanese government plans not to receive foreign audiences around the audience problem of this summer’s Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Games, and is now coordinating this. The Japanese government will reach a final conclusion within this month after discussion with the International Olympic Committee and other relevant parties.

　　United Nations report: Strengthening engineering capacity is essential for sustainable development.

　　On March 4th, UNESCO held the celebration of 2021 "World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development" online and released the report. According to the report, strengthening engineering capacity is essential to achieve the goal of sustainable development. At the same time, the report analyzes the development trend of major regional and cross-regional engineering in the world under the fourth industrial revolution, and encourages the global engineering community to work together to meet various challenges and accelerate the realization of sustainable development goals.

　　UN report: 17% of global food is wasted.

　　On March 5th, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) estimated in the latest "Food Waste Index Report 2021" that in 2019, 931 million tons of food in the world were sent to the trash cans of families, retailers, restaurants and other food service enterprises, accounting for 17% of the total food available to consumers.

　　The proportion of female parliamentarians in the world has reached a record high.

　　According to the UN website, the Inter-Parliamentary Union recently said on the occasion of International Women’s Day on March 8 that in 2020, the proportion of women among parliamentarians in the world exceeded 25%, a record high, but there is still a considerable distance from achieving the goal of gender equality.

　　Today is March 8th International Women’s Day, I wish CSR divines a happy holiday, and we will share the responsibility in the future and ride the wind and waves.

This article first appeared on WeChat WeChat official account: Golden Bee. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

　　CCTV News:With the improvement of living standards, health foods claiming to regulate human functions are increasingly favored by people, especially elderly consumers. However, after eating the "health food" bought back, Mr. Li from Chengde, Hebei Province always feels flustered and unwell. What’s the matter?

　　Mr. Li is over 60 years old and has been suffering from diabetes for more than 10 years. According to Mr. Li, when chatting with friends, someone introduced a health food called "Renhe Yibao", which has hypoglycemic function and is very suitable for diabetics.

　　After returning home, Mr. Li immediately went online to inquire and really found this online shop selling Renhe Pancreatic Treasure on an e-commerce platform.

　　However, after eating for a while, Mr. Li felt obviously unwell.

　　It is claimed that the main ingredients include nearly 20 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines such as American ginseng, Cordyceps sinensis and Ganoderma lucidum, and the health food labeled "pure Chinese medicine, green and healthy" has an abnormal reaction after eating it. Mr. Li felt that something was wrong with the Renhe Pancreatic Treasure he bought, so he came to Chengde Food and Drug Administration for consultation.

　　Professionals told reporters that phenformin is a chemical that was used to treat diabetes in the early days. However, medical practice has found that phenformin can cause lactic acidosis during its use, which can even lead to death. Therefore, as early as 2012, when the former State Food and Drug Administration issued the List of Substances that May Be Illegally Added in Health Foods, it listed metformin hydrochloride and phenformin hydrochloride among them. In November 2016, it was clearly pointed out that phenformin can cause lactic acidosis after evaluation, with high incidence, limited clinical value and greater use risk than benefit, so it was decided to stop the production, sales and use of phenformin bulk drug and its preparations in China.

□ Ding Jiafa

On May 28th, employees of a shopping mall in Nanning, Guangxi said that they would buy out the blind road at the entrance of the shopping mall and block it with stone piers, which caused concern. On the 28th, a disabled man in Nanning, Guangxi, sent a video saying that the barrier-free passage in front of Chaoyang Square in Nanning Times was blocked by the isolation pier placed by the property company, and it has not been removed after many reflections. The shopping mall involved responded that the staff said that it was a mistake to buy the blind road and would criticize and educate it. The shopping mall did not buy the blind road. The community to which the mall belongs responded that there had been an accident when the stone pier was not placed. Considering the potential safety hazard, the stone pier was placed to prohibit vehicles from entering. (May 29, Beijing News)

The blind road is a road specially designed to help blind people walk. It is a barrier-free facility, but it is blocked by stone piers. The employees of the shopping mall involved even claimed that the blind road has been "bought out", which is incredible. However, management is not a "buy-out", and you can’t take the blind road for yourself and do whatever you want. The author believes that barrier-free access can not be invaded, and the safety hazard is not a "shield" for stone piers to block blind roads. Relevant staff and managers must correct their wrong thinking, not only take measures to eliminate safety hazards, but also ensure that barrier-free facilities such as blind roads are unimpeded according to law, so as to protect the legitimate rights and interests of disabled people.

The community staff introduced that after receiving the complaint from the disabled man, the staff had gone to the scene to investigate. According to the feedback from the property company, the building in Times Chaoyang Square is a commercial and residential building, and many residents walk and play badminton in the square. When there was no stone pier on the blind road before, bike-sharing and battery cars often occupied the passage, and cars came in to park, which was easy to conflict with residents’ activities, which was neither safe nor beautiful. A signboard was placed next to the stone pier. If disabled people need to pass, they can call the number on the signboard and pass with the help of the staff. In other words, stone piers are used to block the blind road in order to prevent vehicles from entering the square for parking and eliminate potential safety hazards. This kind of rhetoric seems to have some truth.

However, the stone piers are placed on the blind road, where can the visually impaired people see them, let alone call the notice board for help? They walk on the blind road blocked by the stone piers, and if they are not careful, they will bump into or trip over the stone piers, which is simply a "trip-over", but it will increase the potential safety hazard. In fact, blind roads, as barrier-free facilities, cannot be arbitrarily disposed of and changed for use. Article 28 of the Law on the Construction of Barrier-free Environment in People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that no unit or individual may change the use of barrier-free facilities without authorization or illegally occupy or damage barrier-free facilities. If barrier-free facilities are temporarily occupied due to special circumstances, guardrails, warning signs or signal facilities shall be announced and set up, and necessary alternative measures shall be taken. When the temporary occupation expires, it shall be restored to its original state in time. It can be seen that placing stone piers on blind roads is an illegal act that is not allowed by law and should be corrected and rectified.

The blind road is the "eye" that guides the visually impaired to move forward. Of course, there is no stone pier in the "eye". On the one hand, the property companies involved and relevant managers should enhance their awareness of the rule of law, move away from the stone pier as soon as possible to restore the original state of the blind road, and make this barrier-free passage unimpeded all the way; On the other hand, we can strengthen the order management of squares and nearby roads in conjunction with urban management, traffic police and other departments, add some traffic signs, regulate the orderly parking of vehicles in specified positions, put an end to disorderly parking and blocking barrier-free passages such as blind roads, so as to eliminate all kinds of safety hazards, which can not only ensure the safety of the general public, but also make the travel safety of disabled people. In this way, the nonsense like "buying out" the blind road, and the absurd things that occupy and block the blind road will not happen again.

Some barrier-free facilities such as blind roads have been changed or illegally occupied, which has become a common phenomenon in many cities. City managers and relevant units should strengthen supervision and punishment from the perspective of caring for the disabled, not only to further promote the construction of barrier-free facilities, but also to manage, use and maintain them well, so as to create a good atmosphere for the whole society to care for the disabled and make their travel more convenient and safe.

Cross-border e-commerce B2C:

B2C(Business To Customer) is one of the classifications of e-commerce according to the transaction objects, which means the e-commerce between commercial organizations and consumers.

Under the B2C model, Chinese enterprises directly face foreign consumers, mainly selling personal consumer goods, and the logistics mainly adopts air parcels, mail, express delivery, etc. The main body of customs declaration is postal or express delivery companies, and most of them are not included in customs registration at present.

B2C mode

B2C service mode: the service of completing transactions between export enterprises and overseas end consumers through third-party cross-border e-commerce platforms can be divided into open platforms and self-operated platforms according to the operation mode of the platforms.

1. Open platform

Mode introduction: The content of open platform involves all aspects of export e-commerce. Besides the data of buyers and sellers, it also includes the business of goods, shops, transactions, logistics, evaluation, warehousing, marketing and promotion, so as to realize the systematic docking of applications and platforms, and establish its own developer ecosystem around the platform.

Open platform exists more as a management and operation platform provider, and serves both buyers and sellers by integrating platform service resources and sharing data.

Representative companies: Amazon, AliExpress, eBay, Wish.

2. Self-operated platform

Mode introduction: the platform conducts unified production or procurement, product display and online transaction of the products it operates, and delivers the products to the final consumer groups through logistics and distribution.

The self-operated platform introduces, manages and sells various brands of goods by tailoring the purchasing standards that meet the demands of self-brands and consumers’ needs, and highlights the reliability of its own brands based on reliable brands.

The self-operated platform makes great efforts in the management of all key links of the whole transaction process, such as the introduction, classification, display, transaction, logistics distribution and after-sales guarantee, and realizes the real-time management of the whole transaction process through the management of the Internet IT system and the construction of a large-scale warehousing and logistics system.

Representative enterprises: Lanting Jishi, Global Tesco, Milan Net, DX.

　　In order to implement the Environmental Protection Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), improve the quality of ecological environment and prevent environmental pollution, the Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Oil Storage Tanks is now approved as the national pollutant emission standard, and the revised list of Emission Limits and Measurement Methods of Diesel Engine Exhaust Pollutants for Off-road Mobile Machinery (Phase III and IV of China) (GB 20891-2014) is approved, which will be approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the State Administration of Market Supervision.