Gansu Provincial Highway Regulations issued

Gansu Provincial Highway Regulations

(adopted at the sixth meeting of the Standing Committee of the fourteenth Gansu Provincial People’s Congress on November 28, 2023)

catalogue

Chapter I General Provisions

Chapter II Highway Planning

Chapter III Highway Construction

Chapter IV Highway Maintenance

Chapter V Highway Utilization and Management

Chapter VI Toll Roads

Chapter VII Guarantee and Supervision

Chapter VIII Legal Liability

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 In order to strengthen the construction, protection and management of highways, ensure the integrity, safety and smoothness of highways, improve the service level of highways, and promote the high-quality development of highways, these Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Highway Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Regulations on Highway Safety Protection of the State Council and other laws and administrative regulations, combined with the actual situation of this province.

Article 2 These Regulations shall apply to the planning, construction, maintenance, utilization, operation, management and related activities of highways within the administrative area of this province.

Where laws and administrative regulations have already provided for the planning, construction, maintenance, utilization, operation and management of highways, such provisions shall prevail.

Article 3 Highways mentioned in these Regulations include highway bridges, highway tunnels and highway ferries.

According to their position in the road network, highways are divided into national highways, provincial highways, county roads, township roads and village roads, and according to their technical levels, they are divided into expressways, first-class highways, second-class highways, third-class highways and fourth-class highways.

The definition of the scope of rural roads and the construction and management of special roads shall be implemented in accordance with laws, regulations and relevant state regulations.

Article 4 Highway development should adhere to the people-centered development idea, follow the principles of overall planning, rational layout, quality assurance, convenience and smoothness, environmental protection, openness and integration, and equal emphasis on construction and maintenance, strengthen highway safety protection and fully improve highway utilization efficiency.

Article 5 The people’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the organization and leadership of highway work, incorporate highway development into national economic and social development planning, land space planning and comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network planning, promote the integrated and balanced development of urban and rural highway transportation, strengthen the deep integration of highway and economic and social development, coordinate and solve major problems in highway development, and coordinate funds to support highway planning, construction, maintenance, utilization and management according to the division of powers.

The township (town) people’s government is responsible for the construction and maintenance of township roads and village roads within their respective administrative areas. Village (neighborhood) committees shall, under the guidance of township (town) people’s governments, assist in the management of village roads.

Sixth provincial people’s government departments in charge of transportation in charge of the province’s highway work. The transportation departments of the people’s governments of cities (states) and counties (cities, districts) are in charge of highway work within their respective administrative areas.

The departments of development and reform, industry and informatization, public security, finance, natural resources, ecological environment, housing and urban and rural construction, agriculture and rural areas, forestry and grassland, water conservancy, market supervision and management, and emergency management of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall do a good job in highway-related work within their respective functions and duties.

Article 7 The people’s governments at or above the county level and their transportation, development and reform departments should strengthen the convergence and integration of highways and other modes of transportation, promote the interconnection of transportation facilities in the region, enhance their ability to support economic development and guarantee the lives of urban and rural residents, improve the quality of diversified services and the level of linkage and integration, and realize mutual linkage, resource sharing and coordinated development among regions.

Article 8 People’s governments at or above the county level and their transportation and other relevant departments shall encourage social capital to participate in highway construction, maintenance, utilization and management activities according to law through market-oriented methods, and jointly promote technological innovation in highway construction, maintenance and management. Support the research and development, popularization and application of new materials, new technologies, new processes and new products, and promote the digitalization, intelligent construction and upgrading of highway infrastructure.

Chapter II Highway Planning

Article 9 Highway planning should be compiled according to the needs of national economic and social development and national defense construction in the administrative region, pay attention to the improvement of highway network and the improvement of highway grades, standards and service levels, conform to the national land space planning and the national highway master plan, and coordinate with other relevant special plans such as transportation development planning.

Provincial road planning should be coordinated with national road planning, county road planning should be coordinated with provincial road planning, township road planning should be coordinated with county road planning, and village road planning should be coordinated with township road planning to ensure the full function of road network.

New construction, reconstruction and expansion of highway projects shall conform to highway planning. Construction projects determined by highway planning shall be organized and implemented in a planned way.

Tenth national, provincial, county and township road planning, approval and filing, in accordance with laws and regulations and the relevant provisions of the state. Village road planning shall be compiled by the township (town) people’s government under the guidance of the transportation department of the county (city, district) people’s government, approved by the county (city, district) people’s government and reported to the transportation department of the city (state) people’s government for the record.

Eleventh highway construction land planning should conform to the national spatial planning, the construction land should be included in the annual construction land plan, and the use should be controlled according to law.

Article 12 Where the preparation of plans for cities, villages and towns or the examination and approval of land for construction involves the area adjacent to the outer edge of the boundary of the highway construction control area, the opinions of the transportation authorities shall be sought, and the control distance between buildings, ground structures and highways shall be indicated according to law.

Planning and construction of railway, water conservancy and other projects and various pipeline facilities, which really need to cross or parallel with highways or their facilities, shall solicit the opinions of the competent department of transportation, and meet the technical standards, safety standards and other requirements of highway engineering.

When the normal use of railway, water conservancy and other projects and various pipeline facilities is affected by highway construction, the highway construction unit shall obtain the consent of the relevant departments in advance and take safety protection measures to avoid affecting the operation safety.

Chapter III Highway Construction

Thirteenth highway construction should strictly implement the basic construction procedures and land management, bidding, project quality supervision, product quality, safety in production, ecological environment protection, circular economy development, cultural relics protection and other relevant laws and regulations.

The transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall maintain the order of highway construction, establish and improve the supervision and management system of highway construction quality and safety, and strengthen the all-round supervision and management of highway construction quality and safety.

Article 14 The transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level and their affiliated institutions may entrust professional institutions to provide technical services for the supervision and management of highway construction in accordance with the provisions by means of government purchasing services.

Fifteenth highway construction project declaration, project feasibility study, preliminary design, construction drawing design review, approval and construction permit in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the province.

Rural roads with technical grade III and IV can be directly designed for construction drawing. The preliminary design and construction drawing design of rural highway construction projects with complex technology can be submitted to the competent department of transportation at the next higher level for approval.

Sixteenth highway construction and maintenance funds should be raised through multiple channels and ways, and strengthen management, earmarking. Finance, auditing, transportation and other relevant departments should strengthen the supervision and management of highway construction and maintenance funds.

Seventeenth people’s governments at all levels should establish a fund-raising mechanism for rural highway construction, maintenance and management, with government investment as the main part, supplemented by multi-channel financing, and encouraging all sectors of society to participate in accordance with the law.

The people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions, make overall arrangements for funds to support the construction and maintenance of rural roads.

Eighteenth new construction, renovation and expansion of national and provincial roads shall conform to the technical standards prescribed by the state; County roads and township roads shall be built in accordance with the technical standards of not less than Grade III highways, but if the road sections of township roads cannot meet the technical standards of Grade III highways due to limited topographic and geological conditions, they may be built in accordance with the technical standards of not less than Grade IV highways; Village roads should be built in accordance with the technical standards of not less than Grade IV highways. The original highway that does not meet the minimum technical grade requirements shall take measures to gradually transform it into a highway that meets the technical grade requirements.

Nineteenth new construction, renovation and expansion of highways should be in accordance with the relevant technical standards, overall planning and construction of highway traffic safety, electromechanical, highway service management facilities and other ancillary facilities that need to be built, and the required funds should be included in the construction project budget.

The ancillary facilities of the highway mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be designed, constructed, accepted and put into use simultaneously with the main project of the highway construction project.

Article 20 Highway construction shall conform to the technical standards of highway planning and highway construction projects, abide by the basic construction procedures stipulated by the state, and implement the system of project legal person responsibility, bidding system, project supervision system and contract management system.

Highway construction projects implement the lifelong quality responsibility system, and units engaged in highway construction, survey and design, construction and supervision shall establish and improve the quality and safety assurance system in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, implement the post responsibility system, and carry out work in accordance with the requirements of relevant laws and regulations and technical standards for highway construction projects and contractual agreements to ensure the quality and safety of highway projects.

The transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the supervision and inspection of the implementation of laws, regulations and mandatory standards concerning the quality and safety of highway projects.

Twenty-first highway construction site signs management. The signboard shall indicate the operation content of the project, the name of the project legal person, survey and design, construction and supervision unit and the name of the main person in charge, and accept social supervision.

Twenty-second construction units shall be fully responsible for the quality and safety of highway construction projects, and perform the following obligations:

(a) to establish and improve the project quality and safety management system;

(two) the establishment of a special project quality and safety management institutions;

(three) to review the conditions for safe production on the construction site;

(four) to organize the investigation of hidden dangers of quality and safety, and to timely rectify the found engineering quality problems and safety problems;

(5) Other obligations stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

Twenty-third survey and design units shall conduct survey and design in accordance with technical standards and specifications for highway construction, and be responsible for survey results and design documents.

Investigation units shall conduct on-the-spot investigation and measurement in accordance with the technical standards and specifications of highway construction projects, and carry out investigations on hydrology, geology, climate and underground pipe networks. In case of adverse environment such as unfavorable geology, special rock and soil, harmful gas or other situations that may cause hidden dangers of engineering quality and safety, prevention suggestions shall be put forward, and experts shall be organized to demonstrate when necessary.

The design unit shall, in the early stage of design, carry out safety risk assessment on highway construction projects with complex construction conditions, great technical difficulty and great danger, compile safety risk assessment reports, put forward countermeasures, and indicate the adverse geology, key parts and links of the project and new technologies, new materials, new processes and new products adopted in the design documents, and put forward corresponding measures and suggestions to ensure the quality and safety of the project.

Twenty-fourth construction units shall, in accordance with the design documents, construction specifications and other provisions or requirements, formulate the construction organization design and special construction plan, and be responsible for the construction quality and safety of highway construction projects. Highway construction projects with complex construction conditions, great technical difficulties and great risks such as bridges, tunnels and high slopes shall be assessed for safety risks, and safety risk assessment reports shall be compiled, and countermeasures shall be put forward, which shall be reviewed by the supervision unit and approved by the construction unit.

The construction unit shall record the construction process by means of information technology such as video monitoring for key parts of concealed works and bridges and tunnels with complicated structures, as well as densely populated areas such as mixing stations, steel processing plants and beam slab prefabrication plants.

Twenty-fifth supervision units shall, in accordance with the provisions of the supervision contract, fully equip personnel and equipment, set up corresponding on-site supervision institutions, establish supervision systems, carry out supervision work fairly, independently and independently, and assume supervision responsibilities for construction quality and safety production during construction.

Supervision units shall, in accordance with laws and regulations, mandatory standards for engineering construction, design documents and engineering supervision contracts, take the form of patrol, on-site inspection and parallel inspection, supervise the implementation of construction organization design and special construction scheme, and focus on the supervision of key parts, links and procedures; If quality and safety problems or hidden dangers of accidents are found, the construction unit shall be urged to rectify in time, and if necessary, the instruction to suspend construction shall be issued, and the construction unit and traffic engineering quality and safety supervision institution shall be reported in time.

Supervisors shall not practice in more than two supervision contract sections at the same time.

Twenty-sixth test units shall conduct inspection and testing in accordance with laws and regulations and relevant technical standards and regulations.

The testing unit shall not accept the entrustment of construction, project supervision and construction at the same time in the same contract section of the project; Employees of test and testing units shall not practice in more than two test and testing units at the same time; The test items and parameters carried out by the test and testing unit shall not exceed the scope authorized by its grade certificate, and shall be responsible for the authenticity of the test data and test opinions.

Twenty-seventh after the completion of the highway construction project, the construction unit shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions, organize the inspection of the quality of the project. Without quality inspection, or unqualified inspection, or not in accordance with the quality inspection and rectification opinions to complete the rectification, the construction unit shall not organize the completion acceptance.

The highway construction project can be put into trial operation only after it has passed the acceptance inspection and filed with the competent transportation department. After the trial operation expires, the construction unit shall apply to the competent department of transportation for completion acceptance. The competent department of transportation shall organize the quality appraisal of the project. If the quality appraisal is unqualified, it shall not organize the completion acceptance.

The completion and acceptance of rural highway construction projects with technical grade III and IV can be combined, but the corresponding quality defect liability period and quality warranty period system should be implemented.

Twenty-eighth highway construction projects to implement the quality warranty system. The construction unit and the construction unit shall specify the warranty scope, warranty period and warranty responsibility of the project in the construction contract.

Article 29 Highway construction units shall, in accordance with the provisions of the state and this province on file management, timely collect and sort out the documents of all links of highway construction projects, establish and improve the archives of highway construction projects, and timely hand over the archives of construction projects to the archives management department and other relevant departments after the completion and acceptance of highway construction projects.

Thirtieth new highway projects across administrative regions in this province, the people’s governments at or above the county level in the adjacent administrative regions shall reach an agreement through consultation, and implement them in accordance with the principle of unified standards and synchronous construction, so as to promote the coordinated development of highway construction in different regions. When necessary, the people’s government at the next higher level shall coordinate and solve the problem.

Chapter IV Highway Maintenance

Article 31 Highway maintenance shall comply with the provisions of relevant laws, regulations, technical standards, technical specifications and operating procedures for highway maintenance, and keep the highway in good technical condition.

Article 32 Highway maintenance duties shall be performed according to the following division of labor:

(a) the government toll roads shall be responsible for the maintenance institutions determined by the transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level;

(two) non toll national highway by the provincial people’s government department in charge of transportation highway maintenance agencies responsible for;

(3) Non-toll provincial roads shall be the responsibility of the maintenance institutions under the transportation departments of the people’s governments of provinces and cities (prefectures) in accordance with the relevant provisions;

(four) the county road is responsible for the transportation department of the county (city, district) people’s government or other maintenance units determined by the people’s government at the county level;

(five) the township (town) people’s government is responsible for township roads and village roads;

(six) the operating toll road is responsible for the highway management unit.

The main body of highway maintenance listed in the preceding paragraph shall carry out daily maintenance inspections and make inspection records; If it is found that roads and their ancillary facilities are damaged or have potential safety hazards, warning signs and safety protection facilities should be set up immediately, and emergency repairs should be organized in time or measures should be taken to eliminate potential safety hazards.

The transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the guidance, inspection and supervision of highway maintenance.

Thirty-third highway maintenance costs shall be borne and guaranteed in accordance with the following provisions:

(a) government toll roads are charged from the toll revenue;

(two) the toll-free national highway shall be undertaken and guaranteed by the provincial people’s government in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the province;

(3) Non-toll provincial roads shall be undertaken and guaranteed by the provincial, municipal (state) people’s governments in accordance with relevant regulations;

(four) operating toll roads shall be borne and guaranteed by highway management units.

The people’s governments at or above the county level shall timely and fully allocate the highway maintenance costs borne by them.

Thirty-fourth highway maintenance institutions and highway management units shall organize the preparation of highway maintenance plans according to the requirements of highway grade, mileage, technical condition, traffic volume, maintenance budget quota and maintenance norms.

Highway maintenance institutions and highway management units shall, before implementing highway maintenance operations, formulate highway maintenance operation plans and simultaneously formulate corresponding traffic organization plans. The preparation of the maintenance operation plan and traffic organization plan shall avoid or reduce the construction of closed lanes during the peak traffic hours; If it is really necessary to occupy the road or vehicles need to bypass because of the occupation of the road, it shall solicit the opinions of the traffic management department and the transportation department of the public security organ in advance and make an announcement in accordance with the regulations; If the maintenance operation affects traffic safety, the operating unit shall take effective safety protection measures and cooperate with the traffic management department of the public security organ to maintain road traffic order.

The transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the inspection and supervision of the implementation of highway maintenance plans and highway maintenance operation plans.

Thirty-fifth transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall promote the marketization of highway maintenance.

Highway maintenance projects that should be subject to bidding according to law shall be subject to bidding according to legal procedures, and maintenance operation units with corresponding technical capabilities and qualifications shall be selected, and written highway maintenance contracts shall be signed. Highway collapse, uplift, damage and other serious impact on traffic safety and the need for emergency maintenance, you can directly entrust a maintenance operation unit with corresponding capabilities to implement emergency maintenance.

Article 36 The township (town) people’s government may, in combination with the actual situation of the minimum living guarantee in rural areas and the purchase of public welfare posts by the government, establish a relatively stable mass maintenance organization or adopt individual and family sub-contract methods to carry out daily maintenance of township roads and village roads.

The township (town) people’s government shall sign a written rural highway maintenance contract with the maintenance unit or individual to clarify the rights and obligations of both parties.

Article 37 If the original highway function or position in the road network of some sections of a highway changes, the handover procedures shall be handled in accordance with the existing functions and relevant regulations. The receiving unit shall perform highway maintenance and other related duties from the date of handling the handover procedures.

Chapter V Highway Utilization and Management

Article 38 People’s governments at all levels shall take measures to strengthen the protection, utilization and management of highways.

The transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level and their subordinate institutions shall perform their duties according to law, do a good job in highway protection, utilization and management, improve highway service facilities, improve the level of highway service, utilization and management, and ensure the integrity, safety and smoothness of highways.

All units and individuals have the obligation to protect highway property, maintain highway traffic order, obey management and command, and not interfere with the safe and smooth operation of highways, and also enjoy the right of way and other legal rights to use highways according to law.

Article 39 People’s governments at or above the county level and their transportation and other relevant departments shall strengthen the service and management of highway resources utilization, take effective measures to solve the problems of idle, waste and inefficient utilization of highway resources, and promote the efficient and rational utilization of highway resources.

Article 40 The transportation departments and highway management units of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall, according to the needs of local economic and social development and serving people’s travel, scientifically and standardly set up entrances and exits, transform connecting lines, expand the space and functions of service areas, and comprehensively improve the radiation range and service capacity of highways.

Toll roads should adjust the toll standards according to the traffic volume and technical conditions of the roads, scientifically set speed limit signs, and improve the traffic efficiency of the road network.

Article 41 The people’s governments at or above the county level, their transportation departments and other relevant departments shall fully integrate and utilize all kinds of resources along highways and their borders, make overall plans, adjust measures to local conditions, establish and improve the coordination and linkage mechanism, encourage and guide relevant market entities to participate in an orderly manner, improve the value-added services of highway transportation, promote the deep integration of highways and related industries, and promote the healthy development of the economy of Luyan.

Article 42 The people’s governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments shall improve the highway logistics management system, enhance their service and supervision capabilities to the highway logistics market, optimize the highway logistics information service platform and its services, rationally allocate highway transportation resources, promote the combined transport of highway transportation and other modes of transportation, and reduce the empty driving rate of logistics transportation vehicles.

Forty-third people’s governments at or above the county level departments in charge of transportation, traffic management departments of public security organs and other relevant departments shall handle highway use permits according to law.

Except as otherwise provided by laws and administrative regulations, the licensing of highway utilization matters shall be handled in accordance with the following responsibilities and authorities:

(1) The application for trans-provincial transfinite transportation with the place of departure within the province shall be accepted and approved by the transportation department of the provincial people’s government, and the transportation department of the place of departure shall be responsible for the inspection and verification; Cross-city (state) and cross-county (city, district) applications for over-limit transportation shall be accepted and approved by the transportation department of the people’s government of the city (state); County (city, district) within the overrun transportation application by the county (city, district) people’s government department in charge of transportation acceptance and approval;

(two) highway construction permits, non highway signs permit, approved by the provincial people’s government department in charge of transportation;

(3) The road-related construction license and off-highway signboard license of ordinary national highways and provincial highways outside expressways shall be examined and approved by the transportation departments of the people’s governments of cities (states) and counties (cities, districts) according to their functions and powers;

(4) The permission for road-related construction of rural roads and the permission for off-road signs shall be examined and approved by the transportation department of the county (city, district) people’s government.

If the licensing matters specified in the preceding paragraph affect traffic safety, the consent of the traffic management department of the public security organ shall also be obtained.

Forty-fourth the following vehicles passing on the highway shall be approved or approved by the transportation department of the people’s government at or above the county level or other relevant departments:

(a) vehicles that really need to exceed the load limit standard of highways or highway bridges;

(2) Vehicles carrying non-detachable articles, and the overall outline size or total mass of the goods exceeds the prescribed standards of load limit, height limit, width limit and length limit;

(3) Vehicles carrying inflammable, explosive, toxic, radioactive and other dangerous goods.

Article 45 The implementation of the following acts within the scope of highways and highway land shall be subject to the permission or approval of the transportation department of the people’s government at or above the county level or other relevant departments:

(a) due to the construction of railways, airports, power supply, water conservancy, communications and other construction projects, it is necessary to occupy, dig roads, land for highways or change the route of highways;

(two) crossing the highway to build bridges, aqueducts or erect and bury pipelines, cables and other facilities;

(3) Erecting and burying pipelines, cables and other facilities within the scope of highway land use;

(four) the use of highway bridges, highway tunnels and culverts to lay cables and other facilities;

(5) Setting up off-highway signs within the scope of land used for highways or using facilities crossing highways;

(6) adding or reconstructing a level crossing on the highway;

(seven) update the cutting of road protection forest.

Forty-sixth vehicles that have been approved by the transportation department of the people’s government at or above the county level or other relevant departments shall carry license photos and relevant license documents with them, hang obvious signs on the vehicles, and drive safely according to the permitted time, route and speed.

In the highway, highway land use scope, highway construction control area, the implementation of construction operations and other acts that should be approved by the competent department of transportation and other relevant departments should be carried out in accordance with the approved plans, plans, construction drawings and regulatory requirements of the competent department of transportation and other relevant departments.

Article 47 The following acts are prohibited within highways and land used for highways:

(a) set up stalls, threshing floor drying grain, planting crops, stocking livestock, fair trade;

(2) Dumping, piling up, scattering and burning articles and garbage;

(3) Setting up buildings, structures or places on the ground, such as shacks, maintenance, car washing, water filling and refueling sites, and facilities unrelated to highway protection and management, such as poles and transformers;

(four) landfill, blocking, damage to the highway drainage system or using highway bridges and culverts, drainage ditches and other facilities to divert water for irrigation, discharge sewage, build dams to store water, and set gates;

(five) mining, quarrying, earth borrowing, sand digging and goaf operation;

(6) stacking articles and building facilities under highway bridges, highway tunnels and culverts, as well as laying high-voltage wires and pipelines conveying flammable, explosive or other toxic and harmful gases and liquids;

(seven) theft, removal, damage, alteration of highway signs, marking and measuring piles, boundary markers, guardrails, flowers and trees and other highway ancillary facilities;

(eight) other acts prohibited by laws and administrative regulations.

Forty-eighth people’s governments at or above the county level shall determine the scope of highway land according to the following standards:

(a) there are ditches on both sides of the highway (intercepting ditch at the top of the slope and slope protection road at the foot of the slope), and the land use scope is not less than one meter from the outer edge of the ditches;

(two) there are no ditches on both sides of the highway, and the land use scope is not less than one meter outside the slope toe of the embankment or slope protection road.

In conditional lots, the land use scope of expressways and first-class highways is not less than three meters; The scope of land for secondary roads is not less than two meters.

Article 49 When carrying out construction operations in areas near the outer edge of highway land, highway bridges, highway tunnels and highway ferries, or setting up places and facilities for producing, storing and selling inflammable, explosive, toxic and radioactive dangerous goods, the safety distance standard for highway protection stipulated by the state shall be observed, and the safety of highways and their facilities shall not be endangered.

Article 50 The scope of construction control areas of national highways, provincial highways, county roads, township roads and expressways shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations. The range of the village road building control area shall be no less than three meters from the outer edge of the highway land.

New towns, development zones, factories, mines, residential quarters, schools, goods distribution centers, large commercial outlets, farmers’ markets and other public places, the distance between the outer edge of the land boundary and the outer edge of the highway construction control area, national highways and provincial highways is not less than 50 meters; County roads and township roads are not less than twenty meters; The village road is not less than ten meters, and should be built on one side of the highway as far as possible.

In addition to the needs of highway protection and maintenance, it is forbidden to build buildings and ground structures in the building control areas on both sides of the highway. If it is necessary to lay pipelines, cables and other construction operations in the building control area, it shall be approved in advance by the transportation department of the people’s government at or above the county level.

Article 51 The transportation department of the provincial people’s government shall establish a unified supervision platform for highway over-limit transportation in the whole province, and realize the sharing of information such as freight source units, road freight transport operators, freight transport vehicles and drivers, contact information and over-limit licenses with the traffic management department of the public security organ.

The transportation authorities shall adjust and optimize the layout of over-limit detection sites of national highways, provincial highways and trunk highways in combination with the development and changes of the highway network, establish and improve the joint law enforcement mechanism with the traffic management department of the public security organ, strengthen on-site inspection of over-limit vehicles in accordance with the regulations, and take fixed detection, mobile detection, non-stop technical detection and other ways to carry out over-limit detection of cargo transport vehicles. The illegal and out-of-gauge transport vehicles found in the on-site inspection and detection shall be dealt with according to law by the competent department of transportation and the traffic management department of the public security organ in accordance with their respective responsibilities.

The people’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the supervision and management of highways, and the relevant measures for the management of highway overloading in this province shall be formulated by the provincial people’s government.

Article 52 Distribution centers and freight stations for coal, steel, cement, sand and gravel, ore and other goods, as well as other business units engaged in road freight transportation, loading and stowage (hereinafter referred to as freight source units), shall not illegally overload vehicles.

The people’s governments at or above the county level shall announce the list of key freight source units to the society. The competent department of transportation shall establish the credit evaluation system of freight source units and the credit evaluation system of freight drivers, strengthen the supervision and management of freight source units and other loading sites, and perform supervision and management duties according to law by patrolling or sending law enforcement personnel.

The freight source unit shall install qualified weighing and measuring equipment, establish and improve the post responsibilities and accountability system for driving and releasing freight vehicles, and shall not release illegal, overloaded and overloaded freight vehicles from their business premises.

Road transport enterprises shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions, strengthen the monitoring of the whole process of vehicle loading and operation, and prevent drivers from illegally overloading.

Article 53 The transportation department of the county (city, district) people’s government or the township (town) people’s government may, according to the needs of protecting rural roads, set up height-limiting and width-limiting facilities and safety warning signs at the entrances and exits of township roads and village roads or at important nodes according to law, but it shall not affect the emergency traffic needs such as fire fighting and health first aid, and shall not charge the passing vehicles.

Expressway management units shall, in accordance with the provisions, set up weighing detection facilities at the entrance of the expressway to carry out weighing detection on freight vehicles, and shall not allow illegal, overloaded and overloaded vehicles to enter the expressway. No unit or individual may intentionally block the highway overrun detection station, highway entrance detection lane and traffic lane.

Fixed overrun detection sites, highway entrances and exits and freight source weighing detection equipment shall be regularly verified by legal metrological verification institutions. Without verification or unqualified testing equipment, the test data shall not be used as the basis for determining the overload.

Article 54 Pedestrians, non-motor vehicles, tractors, wheeled special-purpose mechanical vehicles, full-trailer trucks and other vehicles with a designed maximum speed of less than 70 kilometers per hour are not allowed to enter the expressway.

Expressway shall indicate the driving speed of the lane, and the maximum speed shall not exceed 120 kilometers per hour and the minimum speed shall not be less than 60 kilometers per hour. The safety distance and speed limit requirements of motor vehicles driving on expressways shall comply with the relevant provisions of laws and regulations.

Fifty-fifth vehicles on the highway, not reversing, retrograde, not through the central isolation belt to turn around or turn, not to occupy the emergency lane. No unit or individual is allowed to stop and check the running vehicles on the expressway, except that the people’s police of public security organs perform emergency duties according to law.

When a motor vehicle breaks down on the expressway and needs to be stopped for troubleshooting, the driver should immediately turn on the danger warning flash and move the motor vehicle to a place that does not hinder traffic. If it is difficult to move, it should continue to turn on the danger warning flash, and set up a warning sign for the faulty car 150 meters away from the direction of the incoming car; At night and in rainy, snowy and foggy days, you should also abide by the provisions of laws and regulations, and turn on the position lights, taillights and rear fog lights at the same time. People on board should be quickly transferred to the right shoulder or emergency lane, and call the police quickly.

If a motor vehicle fails or has a traffic accident on the expressway and cannot run normally, it shall be towed and towed by a rescue vehicle and a wrecker.

Article 56 It is forbidden for vehicles to run when the transported goods touch the ground.

Effective protective or sealing measures shall be taken when vehicles transport articles that are easy to spill, drip, fly, scatter and pollute.

Vehicle drivers and passengers or other personnel who find obstacles affecting traffic safety on the highway shall promptly report to the competent department of transportation and its subordinate institutions and the traffic management department of the public security organ for handling.

Fifty-seventh highways and national highways shall not be used as motor vehicle driving training venues. Motor vehicle driving training on other highways shall comply with the provisions of the traffic management department of the public security organ on driving time and road sections, and ensure that it does not hinder the safe passage of other vehicles.

Article 58 People’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen their leadership over road traffic safety and road transport safety, establish and improve the work coordination mechanism, support and urge public security, transportation and emergency management departments to perform their duties of supervision and management of road traffic safety and road transport safety in accordance with laws and regulations and the provisions of the people’s government at the corresponding level, coordinate and solve major problems existing in supervision and management in a timely manner, and prevent and reduce the occurrence of potential accidents.

Where there are no provisions on road traffic safety and road transport safety in this Ordinance, it shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Road Traffic Safety, the Regulations for the Implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Road Traffic Safety, the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Road Transport and the Regulations of Gansu Province on Road Traffic Safety.

Chapter VI Toll Roads

Fifty-ninth vehicles passing on expressways and other toll roads shall pay vehicle tolls in accordance with the provisions of the state and this province. Toll roads can implement differentiated charges according to different sections, time periods and models. The charging standards, approval procedures, charging period and supervision and management of vehicle tolls shall be implemented in accordance with laws and regulations and the relevant provisions of the state and this province.

It is forbidden to collect vehicle tolls on roads other than toll roads.

Article 60 The management unit of toll roads shall set up and open a sufficient number of toll crossings according to the traffic flow, take effective measures to ensure the rapid passage of vehicles, and shall not cause traffic jams at the toll crossings.

When a serious traffic accident or other emergency occurs on the toll road, the toll road management unit shall provide priority access facilities for vehicles that perform on-site disposal tasks such as ambulance, rescue and emergency rescue.

Sixty-first toll road management units and their staff shall not have the following acts in toll collection activities:

(a) unauthorized establishment of toll stations (cards), charging items, raising the charging standards, extending the charging period, expanding the charging scope and transferring the rights and interests of toll roads;

(two) collect or collect other fees in addition to vehicle tolls;

(3) Failing to issue bills or legal, effective and full bills for charges;

(four) illegal operation of the toll collection system or unauthorized reduction of vehicle tolls;

(five) making things difficult for drivers and blackmailers;

(six) AWOL, affecting the normal traffic of vehicles;

(seven) misappropriation, interception and occupation of vehicle tolls;

(eight) other acts in violation of the charging standards.

Sixty-second vehicle drivers or fellow passengers shall not have the following acts that hinder the order of charge management:

(1) Refusing to pay, evading paying or underpaying vehicle tolls;

(2) forcibly punching the card;

(three) deliberately blocking the toll crossing;

(4) Insulting, threatening or beating toll collectors;

(five) damage to the charging facilities and equipment, interfere with the normal operation of the charging system;

(six) shielding, changing the media or using forged media;

(seven) the use of forged or altered toll concession documents;

(eight) posing as a vehicle to enjoy the toll reduction policy;

(nine) other acts that hinder the order of highway toll management.

Sixty-third toll road toll stations should set up a certain number of non-stop electronic toll lanes according to the needs of vehicle traffic.

Toll roads shall be subject to online toll collection, unified sorting and settlement in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and this province, and the sorting and settlement business shall be uniformly organized and implemented by the provincial toll road online settlement management institution.

Article 64 The transportation department of the provincial people’s government shall strengthen the dispatching, command, management and supervision of the toll road wrecker rescue work, clarify the dispatching and command institutions, and regularly announce to the public the wrecker rescue service institutions listed in the list.

Highway wrecker rescue service fee shall be determined by the competent price department of the provincial people’s government and announced to the public.

Sixty-fifth toll road management units shall timely collect, summarize and master the traffic flow, road conditions, construction operations, meteorology and other relevant information within the jurisdiction, and release it to the public in a timely manner in accordance with regulations.

In case of road damage, construction or traffic accidents that affect the normal and safe driving of vehicles, the toll road management unit shall set up safety protection facilities at the scene, and make speed limit and warning tips at the entrance and exit of the toll road, or make an announcement by using facilities such as variable information boards along the toll road; When causing traffic jams, it shall promptly report to the relevant departments and assist in diverting traffic.

In case of serious highway damage, bad weather conditions or major traffic accidents that seriously affect the safe passage of vehicles, the public security organ shall, according to the situation, take traffic control measures such as speed limit and road closure according to law. The toll road management unit shall actively cooperate with the public security organs to prompt the traffic control information to the passing vehicles in a timely manner.

Sixty-sixth provincial people’s government departments in charge of transportation should strengthen the supervision and management of the maintenance and operation of toll roads and the service quality of service areas.

Toll road service areas shall provide public welfare services such as free parking, rest, drinking water and going to the toilet, and business services such as refueling (gas), charging, catering, shopping and vehicle maintenance. Encourage qualified service areas to expand diversified service formats, equipped with medical first aid kits, and provide convenient and economical rest places for drivers. The service area shall plan, construct or delimit the parking area for dangerous chemicals transport vehicles.

The toll road service area shall not be closed without authorization. If it is really necessary to close down, it shall report to the transportation department of the provincial people’s government and make an announcement to the public in time.

Chapter VII Guarantee and Supervision

Article 67 The transportation department of the people’s government at or above the county level, the traffic management department of the public security organ and other relevant departments shall establish and improve the working mechanism of highway management, such as collaborative management, joint law enforcement, information sharing, data exchange and information reporting, so as to continuously improve the quality and efficiency of highway management.

Article 68 The transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level and their subordinate institutions shall perform the following highway management duties according to law:

(a) publicity and implementation of highway laws and regulations;

(two) to protect the road property and safeguard the road rights;

(three) to supervise and manage the quality and safety of highway construction projects;

(four) the management of highway land and highway construction control area;

(five) to maintain the order of highway maintenance operations and toll collection site;

(six) the implementation of highway management under construction;

(seven) the implementation of highway inspections, supervision and management of highway conditions and service activities in service areas;

(eight) to investigate and deal with illegal acts of highways according to law;

(9) Other duties as prescribed by laws and administrative regulations.

Article 69 The traffic administrative department of the public security organ shall strengthen highway patrol inspection, investigate and deal with illegal acts of road traffic safety according to law, deal with traffic accidents in time, divert traffic and maintain good road traffic order.

The traffic administrative department of the public security organ shall strengthen the supervision and inspection of traffic safety on the construction site such as highway maintenance, and timely handle unexpected situations such as traffic congestion.

If a traffic accident causes damage to highways and ancillary facilities of highways, the traffic administrative department of the public security organ shall promptly notify the competent department of transportation and the toll road management unit to be present for investigation and handling.

Article 70 The people’s governments of counties (cities, districts) shall earnestly perform the main responsibilities of rural highway management within their respective administrative areas, organize the people’s governments of townships (towns) and relevant departments to do a good job in rural highway work, speed up the construction of rural highways, establish and improve the guarantee mechanism for raising funds for rural highway construction and maintenance, and fully implement the three-level road length responsibility system for rural highways.

Seventy-first toll road management units shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions, carry out standardized management and civilized operation, ensure that roads are in good technical condition, maintain complete functions of service facilities, complete facilities, cleanliness and hygiene, and good order, and provide quality services for passing vehicles and personnel.

Article 72 When carrying out highway inspection and supervision according to law, the transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level and their subordinate institutions have the right to know the information related to the inspection and supervision matters from units and individuals, consult and copy the information related to the inspection and supervision matters, and have the right to inspect and stop all kinds of illegal acts such as occupying and damaging highways, land used for highways and ancillary facilities for highways.

Article 73 The transportation department of the provincial people’s government shall improve the standard of credit construction system, strengthen the platform support and information application services of the credit system, guide the industry to carry out joint credit rewards and punishments according to law, and comprehensively improve the industry’s integrity awareness and credit level.

Seventy-fourth transportation departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and this province, do a good job in the operation and management of road network monitoring, dispatching, emergency response and travel services.

The transportation department of the provincial people’s government shall strengthen the operation and management of the province’s road network, establish a road network information sharing system with neighboring provinces and municipalities directly under the central government, and use information and intelligent technical means to improve the overall operation efficiency and service level of the road network.

Article 75 The people’s governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the unified organization and leadership of highway emergencies within their respective administrative areas, incorporate highway emergencies into the emergency management system, establish and improve the emergency material reserve guarantee system for highway emergencies, and ensure that the needs of emergency handling can be met when highway emergencies occur. After the occurrence of highway emergencies, emergency response should be organized immediately.

The transportation department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall prepare the emergency plan for highway emergencies in accordance with the relevant provisions. Highway management agencies and toll road management units shall, according to the emergency plan for highway emergencies, formulate special emergency plans or on-site emergency response plans for highway emergencies, set up emergency teams, reserve emergency materials, and improve emergency response capabilities.

Highway management agencies and toll road management units shall regularly inspect and monitor highways and highway ancillary facilities, investigate, register and assess the hidden dangers that may cause highway emergencies, and promptly eliminate potential safety hazards or take safety precautions.

Chapter VIII Legal Liability

Seventy-sixth people’s governments at or above the county level departments in charge of transportation, highway management agencies and other staff who perform highway protection and management duties have one of the following acts, and shall be punished according to law; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:

(a) failing to perform the duties of highway engineering quality and safety supervision according to law;

(two) did not take timely measures to deal with road collapse, potholes, uplift and other damage;

(three) failing to deal with highway emergencies in a timely manner according to law;

(four) interception, misappropriation or misappropriation of special funds for highways;

(five) to release the overloaded transport vehicles that have not eliminated the illegal state;

(6) Failing to investigate and punish according to law after discovering illegal acts or receiving complaints and reports on illegal acts;

(seven) other dereliction of duty, breach of privilege, favoritism.

Article 77 If, in violation of the provisions of Article 52 of these regulations, the freight source unit releases illegal, overloaded and overloaded freight vehicles out of its business premises, the competent department of transportation shall order it to make corrections and impose a fine of not less than 3,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan.

Article 78 Where an expressway operation and management unit, in violation of the provisions of Article 53 of these regulations, releases illegal, over-limit and overloaded vehicles into the expressway at the entrance, the transportation authorities shall confiscate all the tolls for the released vehicles and may impose a fine of 2,000 yuan per vehicle.

Seventy-ninth acts in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, laws and administrative regulations have been punished, in accordance with its provisions.

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Article 80 The people’s governments at or above the county level may, in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations, formulate relevant administrative measures.

SMIC was officially listed in science and technology innovation board: high R&D investment, chip manufacturing "burning" equipment.

Wenxue business data school

On July 16th, SMIC was officially listed in science and technology innovation board. Although the outstanding shares in A shares only account for about 14% of the total issued shares, and the P/E ratio is as high as 113.12 times (calculated at the issue price of 27.46 yuan/share), it still received enthusiastic pursuit and the opening price soared. On the other hand, TSMC, the world’s largest wafer foundry with SMIC as the benchmark, will also release its financial report for the second quarter of 2020 today.

Chips are generally divided into three links — — Chip design, chip manufacturing and chip packaging testing, among which, the wafer foundry link in chip manufacturing where SMIC and TSMC are located is one of the weakest links in Chinese mainland’s chip industry chain at present.

"First-class design, second-class packaging and testing, and third-class chip manufacturing", Sheng Linghai, vice president of global consulting firm Gartner Semiconductor Research Group and analyst, commented on the current situation of Chinese mainland’s chip industry and global benchmarking to Business Data School. "At present, Huawei Hisilicon’s chip design is already the world’s first-class level, and the technical threshold for packaging and testing is relatively low, but the chip manufacturing link — — The technology including upstream mask aligner equipment and wafer foundry is still far from the world’s first-class. "

According to incomplete statistics, there are as many as 20 chip companies listed or to be listed in science and technology innovation board from April to July, but only one chip manufacturer is SMIC.

Just recently, at the moment when the "half-time war" in chip manufacturing was tense, the Chinese Academy of Sciences announced that it had broken through the 5-nanometer lithography technology, and SMIC had also developed a production process below 7 nanometers, which could be mass-produced by the end of the year, which brought a glimmer of light to the localization of chips, but how much did these relieve the urgent demand for high-end chips in one to three years?

Business Data School made a detailed comparison between SMIC and TSMC in the past five years. From the perspective of revenue scale (see the figure below for details), TSMC’s revenue has always been more than 10 times that of SMIC, while its wafer shipment is only about 2-3 times, which means that SMIC’s price per wafer is cheaper than TSMC’s, which shows that SMIC’s bargaining power is far lower than TSMC’s.

(Cartography: Business Data School)

(Cartography: Business Data School)

According to the rough calculation of Business Data School, in 2019, the shipment price of TSMC per wafer was about $3,609.1, while that of SMIC was only $619.6, with a price difference of six times.

(Cartography: Business Data School) 

It is precisely because of the low price that SMIC’s gross profit margin has remained between 20% and 30%, far below TSMC’s gross profit margin of over 45%.

 The reason why the price gap is so large is that SMIC’s mass-produced products are still relatively backward. In 2019, the two areas with the largest production capacity are still between 0.15/0.18 micron and 55/65 nm, while the current world-class high-end chips are mainly 14 nm, especially at 28 nm. Now there has been a global overcapacity situation.

At present, the revenue of SMIC’s 14 nm and 28 nm process products is relatively low, and the 28 nm process products are facing the risks of overcapacity, continuous decline in revenue, high depreciation pressure and negative gross profit margin.

In the past three years, the revenue of SMIC’s 28 nm process products was divided into 1.63 billion yuan, 1.24 billion yuan and 810 million yuan, accounting for 8.12%, 6.19% and 4.03% respectively, and the revenue and proportion continued to decline; In the fourth quarter of 2019, mass production of 14 nm process products began, and the related income was 57.0615 million yuan, accounting for 0.29%.

To sum up, SMIC has transferred some general equipment originally used in the 28 nm process to other processes with higher profits.

(Cartography: Business Data School)

This also directly determines the level of net profit. The net interest rates of SMIC in recent three years are 5.1%, 2.3% and 4.1%, which are far lower than the net interest rates of TSMC of 32.3%, 34.0% and 35.1%.

After deducting non-recurring gains and losses in 2018 and 2019, SMIC’s net profit attributable to shareholders of the parent company was negative, which were-6.168 billion yuan and-5.22 billion yuan respectively.

Behind the difference in chip prices between SMIC and TSMC is the gap in advanced technology. To further enhance commercial competitiveness, we must catch up technically.

The rich terminal application scenarios of integrated circuits determine that the mainstream technology nodes and processes of chip products in various sub-sectors are different, and the technology iteration and corresponding market demand change rapidly.

Advanced technology generally advances one generation after one to three years, such as TSMC’s mass production of 16 nm /14 nm in 2015, 10 nm in 2016, 7 nm in 2018 and 5 nm in 2020. If the technology iteration of wafer foundry lags behind the technological requirements of product application, it will not meet the needs of the market and customers.

According to IC Insights statistics, TSMC accounted for 59% of the global pure wafer foundry market share in 2018, and SMIC accounted for 6%. The mass production time of SMIC’s 14 nm process is 2019, and the next generation process has entered the stage of customer introduction.

Although the research and development of advanced technology needs constant capital investment and accumulation, the emergence of key technical figures can often push this process forward a long way.

A key figure behind SMIC’s breakthrough in 14 nm and 7 nm technology is Liang Mengsong, the co-CEO of SMIC. In just 298 days, the difficulty of 14 nm process technology was overcome, and the yield of the process was improved to 95%.

As a former research and development backbone of TSMC, Liang Mengsong is one of the top ten chip talents in the world. After leaving TSMC for half a year in 2009, Liang Mengsong joined Samsung, which directly upgraded Samsung’s technical level by one generation, from 28 nm to 14 nm.

The next SMIC to conquer is the mass production of 7 nanometers.

In addition, according to Liang Mengsong, the development route of SMIC’s 7nm process technology is not much different from TSMC’s. On the 7 nm process node, three types have been developed, among which the manufacturing process of N7 and N7P can not use EUV lithography technology, while the process of N7+ will use EUV technology, but even if EUV technology is used, the number of mask layers is very small.

On the 5nm process node, EUV lithography technology has been fully utilized, and the number of mask layers can reach as many as 14, which is a high technical level in the industry. — — This is also the part that TSMC is currently trying to mass-produce.

In addition, in terms of production capacity, TSMC currently operates a 150mm fab, six 200mm fabs, five 300mm fabs and four advanced back-end fabs. In 2019, the annual production capacity (in terms of 12-inch equivalent wafers) was about 12.3 million wafers, while in 2018 it was about 12 million wafers. This growth was mainly due to the expansion of 7-nanometer technology.

The layout of SMIC’s fabs is as follows: there are a 300mm fab, a 200mm fab and a controlled 300mm advanced process fab in Shanghai; There is a 300mm wafer factory and a holding 300mm advanced process wafer factory in Beijing. There are two 200mm fabs in Tianjin and Shenzhen. There is a holding 300mm bump processing joint venture factory in Jiangyin.

Since it is a strong technology-driven business, it is inevitable to invest in research and development. The figure below shows the magnitude and proportion of global chip companies’ investment in R&D in 2019.

 Taking SMIC as an example, R&D expenses mainly include depreciation expenses, research and testing expenses, employee compensation expenses, etc. From 2017 to 2019, R&D expenses were 3.57 billion yuan, 4.47 billion yuan and 4.74 billion yuan respectively, showing an increasing trend.

However, the fastest growth is actually "depreciation expense", which is due to the purchase of some advanced machinery and equipment with higher unit price, which makes depreciation expense increase year by year, accounting for 30.34% of R&D expenses in 2019.

Secondly, the cost of research and testing is mainly the sample fee, which was 1.31 billion yuan in 2019, accounting for 27.70% of the research and development expenses, and the research and development efficiency has improved.

Thirdly, it is the salary cost of R&D personnel. In 2019, the salary of R&D personnel of SMIC exceeded 900 million yuan.

Sheng Linghai revealed that due to the current hot chip industry, chip engineers are very expensive at present. A chip design engineer with 10 years of experience has an annual salary of more than 1 million.

Let’s go back to the landing of SMIC in science and technology innovation board. The main purpose of raising funds is also for the construction of new production lines and R&D reserves. Among them, the investment of the 12-inch chip SN1 project is 8 billion yuan, which is used to meet part of the capital demand for building a 12-inch production line project with a monthly production capacity of 35,000 pieces, and the production technology level has been upgraded to 14 nanometers and below; Advanced and mature technology research and development project reserve fund project raised funds of 4 billion yuan for technology research and development to enhance the company’s market competitiveness.

Although the localization of chips is the general trend, the trend of globalization has not changed — — The chip was designed in the United States, processed in Taiwan, China, packaged in Malaysia, and finally sent to China for production and global sales.

"The birth of semiconductors is a result of the common development of all countries. So far, no country can have a complete semiconductor industry chain by itself." Su Wei, general manager of China Resources Microelectronics OEM Group, said, "At present, the self-sufficiency rate of domestic chips is less than 30%, and the development of China’s entire semiconductor industry chain is obviously short-board, but in the field of power semiconductors, we see that it is the first to break through and the gap with the international first-class technology level is narrowing."

At present, the low-end chips can be basically localized, but if we want to go to the high end, the wafer foundry link where SMIC is located will be a key link for the 7-nanometer mass production in the next three years. If it can be successfully realized, Chinese mainland’s chip manufacturing will take another step towards the world-class goal.

Promoting consumption, benefiting people’s livelihood, facilitating people’s life, prosperity of the community business

  Cctv news(News Network): It is an important task for China’s current economic work to focus on expanding domestic demand and restoring and expanding consumption. Since the beginning of this year, China has accelerated the construction of a 15-minute convenient living circle and prosperity of the community commerce, so that residents can enjoy convenient life and services near their homes.

  Up to now, China has built more than 1,400 convenient living circles in 80 cities, with 280,000 commercial outlets covering more than 2,700 residential communities.

  The second floor of the people’s livelihood complex was transformed into a community affordable canteen, and the third floor was transformed into an inclusive pension institution. Not far away, the community has also built a new one for 0— Kindergarten for 3-year-old infants.

  According to the Ministry of Commerce, some studies show that more than half of the daily consumption expenditure of urban residents is concentrated within 1 km around the community, and the community consumption market has great potential.

  Since the beginning of this year, the state has focused on improving the supply facilities for community consumption and enriching diversified consumption formats. This bookstore opened in the community has become a community meeting room with functions such as consumption, leisure and culture.

  In the next step, the state will carry out a three-year campaign to build a convenient living circle for a quarter of an hour nationwide. Based on the principle of "what is lacking and what is replenished", we will optimize the layout of community consumption space and promote the upgrading of community commerce according to the policies of the city and the circle. Form a ladder consumption structure based on huge community consumption, supplemented by surrounding comprehensive commercial centers, and upgrade the key business districts in the city to meet the growing needs of the people for a better life.

Hepatitis B vaccine is not lifelong immunization. Please keep this vaccination guide.

Original Jiulu Medical Digestive Liver Disease Channel was included in the collection # World Hepatitis Day 4 # Hepatitis B 3 # Hepatitis B Vaccine 1.

For medical professionals’ reference only.

Actively vaccinate against hepatitis B and eliminate hepatitis B at an early date.

China is a country with high prevalence of hepatitis B infection. It is estimated that there are about 70 million people infected with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), including 20-30 million patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Since hepatitis B was included in the planned immunization management in China in 2002, the survey in 2014 showed that the number of hepatitis B carriers among children under 5 years old dropped to 0.32%, which means that more than 80 million children have been protected from hepatitis B infection since the implementation of hepatitis B vaccine. So who needs hepatitis B vaccine? How long does the protection last? Do you want to replant?

On July 28th, World Hepatitis Day, the "medical community" invited Professor Jiang Yongfang, member of the Infectious Diseases Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and director of the Infectious Diseases Department of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, to make a detailed interpretation of hepatitis B vaccination according to the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (2019) (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines").

Hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective way to prevent HBV infection.

"Hepatitis B vaccine mainly reduces or avoids hepatitis B infection by producing effective hepatitis B surface antibodies after inoculation. However, with the extension of time, the protection of hepatitis B surface antibodies will also decrease. " Director Jiang introduced.

Different people are vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine, and the precautions are different. For high-risk groups, such as medical personnel, people engaged in food processing, and people whose immediate family members are infected with hepatitis B, they should be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine and tested for hepatitis B surface antibodies for 3-5 years. Director Jiang said: "For patients whose titer of hepatitis B surface antibody is less than 100, they should be strengthened or re-vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine."

For ordinary people who are vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine, they should also be tested for hepatitis B surface antibody for 5-10 years. If the hepatitis B surface antibody decreases, they should also be strengthened or re-vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine.

Director Jiang also mentioned, "In recent years, great changes have taken place in hepatitis B vaccine in China, from inactivated/attenuated vaccine in 1970s to gene recombination vaccines now. Compared with inactivated/attenuated vaccine, the side effects of gene recombination vaccines are relatively few, and for most people, hepatitis B vaccine has no absolute contraindication. However, patients who are allergic to vaccines during the period of cold and fever should choose not to be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine.

"China has a large population base and a large number of hepatitis B vaccinations. We are very experienced in the quality and efficiency of hepatitis B vaccination and have strong safety. In general, hepatitis B vaccine is a key measure to reduce hepatitis B infection. " Director Jiang stressed.

Hepatitis B vaccination targets are mainly newborns.

The sooner you get the hepatitis B vaccine, the better. The guideline suggests that the target of hepatitis B vaccination is mainly newborns, followed by infants, uninmunized people under the age of 15 and high-risk people. Hepatitis B vaccine needs to be inoculated with 3 shots in the whole process, that is, according to the procedures of 0, 1 and 6 months, after the first shot, the second and third shots are inoculated at 1 month and 6 months.

The guideline also added the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin as soon as possible within 12 hours of birth for premature infants and low-birth-weight infants born to mothers with unknown HBsAg. After one month of age, complete hepatitis B vaccine immunization according to the procedures of 0, 1 and 6 months.

Director Jiang emphasized: "The purpose of this is to reduce the infection risk of premature infants and low-energy infants when the mother’s infection is unknown."

Improve the success rate of mother-to-child blocking

Hepatitis B is mainly transmitted through mother-to-child, blood and sex. Before the implementation of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine immunization program in China, HBV was mainly transmitted from mother to child. Newborns with HBsAg positive mothers should be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin within 12 hours of birth for mother-to-child blocking. At present, the success rate of mother-to-child blocking has reached more than 95%, but 5% of children still fail to block mother-to-child.

Director Jiang explained: "The failure of mother-to-child blocking is mainly related to the following three points. First: the mother’s hepatitis B virus load is very high; Second, the mother is positive for HBsAg and E antigen; Third: the vaccination is not standardized, parents do not pay attention to it, and the second and third doses of hepatitis B vaccine are not vaccinated in time. "

For newborns who have failed mother-to-child vaccination, the hepatitis B vaccination should be completed again according to the procedures of 0, 1 and 6 months, and the hepatitis B surface antibody of the children should be monitored after 1-2 months. If no antibody is produced, the success rate should be improved by increasing the number and dosage of vaccination.

In addition, Director Jiang also introduced: "With the progress of the times, there are better ways to block mother and child. The’ Zero Mother-to-Child Transmission Project of Hepatitis B’ was launched in China, and even Hunan Province joined the plan. Improving the mother-to-child blocking rate can also monitor the HBV-DNA titer at the 24th week of pregnancy. When the HBV-DNA titer is greater than 105UI/mL, the pregnant mother will be given antiviral treatment, and then the newborn will be given hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin vaccination plan. Common antiviral drugs are tenofovir, entecavir and lamivudine. Among them, tenofovir can be used not only during pregnancy, but also during lactation. "

On July 28th, World Hepatitis Day, a message to hepatitis B patients.

(Click on the video to view)

Viral hepatitis includes hepatitis A, B, C, D and E. Hepatitis C is curable, and hepatitis B is also controllable, preventable and treatable.

For the majority of patients with hepatitis B, once they find themselves infected with HBV, they should go to the hospital for regular examination and make standardized diagnosis and treatment under the guidance of doctors.

For patients with hepatitis B infection in their immediate family members, they should also go to the hospital actively to prevent aggregation transmission and get diagnosis and treatment in time.

For ordinary people, they should actively go to the hospital for examination, and actively replant or inoculate hepatitis B vaccine when there is no hepatitis B surface antibody or the hepatitis B surface antibody is low.

For medical staff, we should increase publicity, not only for patients, but also for doctors in non-infectious departments and non-hepatology departments, deepen the awareness of people with viral hepatitis and actively treat viral hepatitis.

Only with the joint efforts of all, can we achieve the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis in 2030 proposed by the World Health Organization.

Expert introduction

Director Jiang Yongfang

Director of Hunan Engineering Research Center for New Artificial Liver

Director, Department of Infectious Diseases/Department of Infectious Diseases/Liver Disease Center, Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University

Deputy Director, Institute of Liver Diseases, Central South University

Member of Infectious Diseases Physician Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association.

Member of Fatty Liver and Alcoholic Liver Disease Branch of Chinese Medical Association.

Member of end-stage liver disease group of liver disease branch of Chinese Medical Association.

Member of Bacteriology and Fungology Section, Infectious Diseases Branch of Chinese Medical Association.

Young Member of the Seventh Hepatology Branch of Chinese Medical Association

Standing Committee member of liver disease professional Committee of China Research Hospital Association

Member of the Professional Committee of Liver Diseases of China Medical Education Association

Vice Chairman of Liver Disease Professional Committee of Hunan Medical Association

Vice Chairman of Infectious Diseases Professional Committee of Hunan Medical Association

Deputy Editor-in-Chief of GUT Chinese Liver Disease Special Issue.

Engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of liver and infectious diseases, as well as pathological diagnosis of difficult liver diseases.

Mainly engaged in the study of oxidative stress involved in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis, fatty liver and liver fibrosis. He presided over 4 national-level projects such as the National Natural Science Foundation, the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" and "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" sub-projects. The first finisher won the second prize of Hunan Natural Science Award, the third prize of Science and Technology Progress Award and the third prize of Medical Science and Technology Award. Published 30 SCI papers including GUT and HEPATOLOGY.

References:

[1] Wang Guiqiang, Duan Zhong Ping, Wang Fusheng, et al. Guidelines for prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B (2019 edition) [J]. Journal of Practical Liver Diseases, 2020.

This article starts: medical digestive liver disease channel

Author: Jiu Lu

Audit of this article: Director Jiang Yongfang, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University.

Editor in charge: XU

More exciting content of World Hepatitis Day will be sent to the doctor’s station app first, welcome to scan the QR code to download, and the exciting content will be "fresh"!

Copyright statement

If you need to reprint the original article, please contact authorization.

– End –

The medical profession strives for the accuracy and reliability of its published contents when it is approved, but it does not make any promises and guarantees about the timeliness of the published contents and the accuracy and completeness of the quoted materials (if any), nor does it assume any responsibility caused by the outdated contents or the possible inaccuracy or incompleteness of the quoted materials. All parties concerned are requested to check separately when adopting or taking this as the basis for decision-making.

Original title: "Hepatitis B vaccine is not lifelong immunization, please keep this vaccination guide! | Interview with Professor Jiang Yongfang

Read the original text

Can Zhang Xinyi, who was blacked out by divorce, turn over by Miss Puffs?

Special feature of 1905 film network If we want to talk about female artists from the second half of 2017 to 2018, Zhang Xinyi is definitely indispensable.

 

In just half a year, this female artist, who has been haunted by the topic of "divorce and plastic surgery", shook the lice on her shirt and did several impressive things.

 

First, in August 2017, it was reported that Zhang Xinyi supported the filming of the documentary out of his own pocket.



This documentary about comfort women, with personal experience, puts that gray history on the table. The film met with financial difficulties at the early stage of filming. When the director Guo Ke went to the crew to find Zhang Xinyi with a bag on his back, she passed on the 1 million yuan she just got without saying anything.

 

During the production period of the following years, she has been communicating with Guo Ke about the shooting. Even for "Twenty-two", I postponed the release of my new film.

 


In the future, Zhang Xinyi was asked countless times why she helped Twenty-two, and her answer was always only one: "I think Guo Ke did a great and very correct thing. Without him and Twenty-two, no one would know that war has brought such great trauma to women and children."

 


Whether an actress’s original intention of funding a small-budget film matches her declared purity is a matter of weight.



Of course, "Twenty-two" also brought more attention to Zhang Xinyi, besides "cosmetic surgery and scandal".

 

On January 6, 2018, Hunan Satellite TV’s program "Sound in the Surroundings" was launched to test the voice of actors. Zhang Xinyi, who fell into a voice because of fatigue, voiced a segment of Hua Fei in Empresses in the Palace, which made people shine at the moment.


The comments of netizens are basically "I thought I was playing the original soundtrack of a TV series", "Zhang Xinyi made a big impression on me" and "her strength was underestimated".



The appearance of the variety show also attracted Cai Yin Shanshan, a Chinese opera teacher, to recall that year, "Li Guangjie, Edward Zhang, Shen Jiani and Zhang Xinyi were among the most discussed undergraduates, and everyone was eager to see their plays in the theater".

 


In fact, in her early works, such as Give me a cigarette, Love is a happy bullet, Legend of the Wind, etc., she has interpreted the women who have been wandering in love, the young women in the county who lost the college entrance examination, and the smart and beautiful female spy, proving that she is not a vase.


Stills of Love is a Bullet of Happiness


And the role of Lin Xia in Beijing Love Story brought her the title of "Sister 2" because she was "pitiful, lovely and distressing".

 

Stills of Beijing Love Story


Some people say that "Coming to the Sound" shows us an "actor Zhang Xinyi", and the market owes her a good role to show her strength. She has been debuting for more than ten years and heard jokes. There are too many people in the market. Being a star needs luck and being an actor needs business.

 


Indeed, this is a passive profession. Zhang Xinyi was obviously tired of waiting and decided to take the initiative, remake the animation and become a film director.

 

The film tells the story of Miss puffs (Zhang Xinyi), a returnee, who meets a takeaway brother (Ahu、Yue) at a party and starts a crazy pursuit.

 


The two people who didn’t meet each other unexpectedly "slept all night" and quickly got married, starting an exciting and romantic adventure.

 


Just looking at the plot, you can feel that the film has a kind of unconstrained imagination and a temperament of letting go of yourself.

 

And this story happened to Miss Puff is very similar to Zhang Xinyi’s own world outlook, love outlook and values.

 


First of all, this is a story of brother-sister love.

 

Since Zhang Xinyi married Justin, the label "Sister-in-law Love" has never left her. She is not only older than Yuan Hong, but also has rich emotional experience. Well-known, there are seven-year romance with WangZhifei and Yang Shupeng’s flash marriage.

 


Miss Puffs also tells the story of a sister-in-law relationship. However, what Zhang Xinyi wants to convey through the film is that in a "sister-in-law relationship", if a boy doesn’t care about your age and appearance, he really marries because he loves you, which is something worthy of praise.

 


Secondly, this is a story that transcends the status class.

 

In the movie, the love story between the overseas Chinese puffs and the takeaway brother broke through the pattern of "prince and princess" and crossed the status class and fell in love.



In fact, Zhang Xinyi met an earl’s daughter on a trip to Europe to record a program. She once stayed in Dali, Yunnan for three years. After learning her story, Zhang Xinyi turned to Lin Chi-ling and said that a girl like this needs nothing but a love affair with a poor boy.

 

The same is true of the love expressed in Miss Puffs, which encourages people to put aside worldly concerns and love each other bravely.

 


Miss Puff in the film is a very honest and frank and courageous person. Zhang Xinyi’s own personality, too.

 

Her brave personality has earned her a good popularity in the circle. This time, she also maxed out her personal card. Justin, Zhang Jingchu, Sitar tan, Rulu, Guo Jingfei, Crystal, Bao Beier, Yu Shasha, Qin Lan and other friends are almost ready to respond, and they all play for nothing.

 


Even Pu Shu, who has always been low-key, wrote a promotion song "Haohao" for "Sister 2", which instantly exploded the circle of friends.


Zhang Xinyi’s honest and frank has one saying and two saying. For example, if there is a role that Justin is interested in, even if he is only given three seconds in the end, Justin must come all the way to shoot it.

 

In addition to the fixed requirements for actors, Zhang Xinyi also invited Hou Yong (director) as a photographer and Shigeru Umebayashi (music composer) to compose music, which added points to the film.

 

Zhang Xinyi and Shigeru Umebayashi (second from left)


At the previous premiere conference, after watching the film, Zhang Jiajia said: "The film is about Zhang Xinyi himself. Why is a girl so 2? Because there is a little girl living in her heart; The film is about a girl and the little girl who lives in her heart, taking a brave adventure together, and the process is full of kindness, warmth and love. "

 


It is not difficult to see that the story of Miss Puffs is basically the love in Zhang Xinyi’s mind, which is youth, hormones and impulsiveness, and the feeling that the best stage between men and women is infinitely magnified.

 


Tomorrow (February 9), this movie will officially land in the cinema. Whether this story of believing in love and sparing no effort to fight against fate can be recognized by everyone needs to be tested by the audience.

 

At present, Zhang Xinyi has already begun to prepare for the second director’s work, and it is also an anti-war film.


It seems that as a director, she is really not playing with tickets.

Cost-effective choice, MONA M03, Tucki

As a new compact pure electric SUV launched by Xpeng Motors, it has attracted much attention. Its starting price of less than 120 thousand yuan, highly intelligent system and leading endurance performance in the same class can be said to have set off a wave of enthusiasm. Therefore, today we will analyze this car.

Competitiveness of pricing strategy

Tucki MONA M03 has launched three models, with the price range of 1198-155,800 yuan. The starting price of less than 120,000 yuan is very competitive in the compact pure electric SUV market. Compared with many models of the same class, this price threshold is lower and more close to the people, especially suitable for those consumers who are price-sensitive but want to experience intelligent electric vehicles.

The pricing strategy of less than 120 thousand yuan not only expands the potential user group, but also effectively reduces the threshold for users to buy cars. For most consumers who want to enter the new energy vehicle market, the price of MONA M03 makes it a very attractive choice. Because this price range is a car purchase alternative list for the largest consumer group.

Intelligent advantage

cbd79c0a1ce82725cc08ab1c67711aa7~noop

At present, apart from battery life, major manufacturers focus on intelligence, and Tucki MONA M03 is no exception. Tucki MONA M03 adopts a pure vision intelligent driving scheme without laser radar, and comes standard with 20+ intelligent sensing hardware, including 2 millimeter-wave radars, 12 ultrasonic radars, 3 auxiliary driving cameras, 4 360 HD panoramic cameras, 1DMS cameras, which support intelligent parking in the whole scene, keeping the lane centered) and ACC adaptive cruise. The top model M03 MAX version is also equipped with two NVIDIA DriveOrion chips, and four additional driver-assisted cameras and high-precision positioning units, with high-speed NGP and urban NGP intelligent navigation driver-assisted functions. He Xiaopeng also stressed many times that Tucki MONA M03 has the best intelligent driving ability in the same gear.

In addition to intelligent driving, Tucki MONA M03 is intelligent in the car. A 15.6-inch central control large screen is standard in the car, using Qualcomm 8155, which supports 3D perceptual map rendering, gesture control, multi-finger flying screen, remote control and intelligent voice assistant in four-tone area, and there are a wealth of small programs in the APP store.

In order to "cut corners", Tucki MONA M03 has no instrument screen and HUD, and the vehicle information and data are concentrated in the central control screen. But if you want to have an instrument, Tucki "sweetly" designs one for you, but you need to spend 599 yuan to buy it.

The power part is not outstanding.

Tucki MONA M03 provides two kinds of power, the maximum power is 140 kW and 160 kW respectively. The batteries are available in 51.8 kWh and 62.2 kWh, with cruising ranges of 515 km, 580 km and 620 km respectively. The acceleration time is 7.8 seconds and 7.4 seconds. The chassis of the former McPherson+rear torsion beam may say that this data is too general. Don’t forget that this price only sells you more than 100,000 yuan? In case there is another discount.

The appearance is pretty good.

Tucki MONA M03 has a body length of 4780mm and a wheelbase of 2815mm, which is similar to that of Tesla. The shape of the whole vehicle uses the latest AI quantitative aesthetic design language, and the T-shaped starship light group with simple shape and end-to-end echo is full of scientific and technological sense. Of course, I think the most attractive thing is its tail, the overall visual effect is very smooth, and it also adopts a hatchback design.

Keep the interior simple.

The interior of MONA M03 in Tucki focuses on minimalist design, the cockpit is designed with magic space, and it is equipped with ergonomic cloud seat, which supports two adjustment modes: comfortable co-pilot and spacious rear row. The whole system comes standard with an insulated panoramic canopy. In addition, MONA M03 has 18 speakers and 7.1.4 surround sound with sky channel. In official terms, move Live house into the car.

Generally speaking, Tucki MONA M03 has also given some sincerity, although it takes the parity route.

Comparison with the same class of vehicles

In terms of product positioning, Tucki MONA M03 will compete with BYD Qin PLUS EV, GAC Ai ‘an and Volkswagen ID3. In contrast, Tucki MONA M03 has certain advantages in face value, intelligent driving, active safety and energy consumption. And compared with Qin PLUS EV and AION S, Tucki MONA M03 driving on the street should not be like a car ride! Compared with Volkswagen ID3, Tucki MONA M03 is cheaper, smarter and richer in configuration, which overseas brands have always been unable to beat China brands.

Market prospect outlook

To sum up, Tucki MONA M03 has obvious competitive advantages in the compact pure electric SUV market. Its starting price of less than 120,000 yuan, leading intelligent system and excellent endurance performance enable it to attract consumers who are price-sensitive but eager for intelligent experience. Especially the younger generation of consumers, they have a higher demand for technology configuration and intelligent functions, and Tucki MONA M03 can just meet this market demand.

Chaozhou Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe is being discounted! The lowest price is 793,800, not to be missed

[Autohome Chaozhou Discount Promotion Channel] According to an exclusive report, an attractive car purchase promotion is being launched in the Chaozhou area. At present, Mercedes-Benz officially provides a cash discount of up to 80,000 yuan for this luxury coupe SUV, which has reduced its minimum selling price to 793,800 yuan. This large-scale profit-making move undoubtedly provides consumers with a rare opportunity to buy a car. To seize this offer and experience the charm of the Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe for themselves, consumers can immediately click "Chatti Car Price" in the quotation form to get the best car purchase conditions. Don’t miss this opportunity, act now!

潮州奔驰GLE轿跑正在优惠!最低售价79.38万,不容错过

With its unique design, the Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe shows unparalleled dynamism and luxury. The front face features the iconic shield-shaped air intake grille of the Mercedes-Benz family, inlaid with fine chrome decoration, and contrasted with sharp LED headlights, creating a strong visual impact. The overall body line is smooth, and the back-style design gives it an elegant sporty temperament, which perfectly blends power and elegance, reflecting Mercedes-Benz’s unique interpretation of the luxury SUV coupe style.

潮州奔驰GLE轿跑正在优惠!最低售价79.38万,不容错过

With its unique design charm, the Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe outlines smooth side lines. The body size is 4941mm*2018mm*1716mm and the wheelbase reaches 2935mm, providing a spacious interior space for passengers. The tire size is 275/50 R20, which not only emphasizes the dynamic performance of the vehicle, but also shows the elegant rim style. Overall, the side design highlights the perfect fusion of power and sporty aesthetics.

The interior design of the Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe shows the perfect combination of luxury and technology. The exquisite leather steering wheel provides an excellent grip, with manual and electric adjustment functions to ensure driver comfort and convenience. The 12.3-inch central control screen stands in the center of the dashboard for clear display and smooth operation. It integrates multimedia systems, navigation and telephone functions to facilitate the driver to grasp information in real time. The seats in the car are made of imitation leather, and the main and passenger seats support multi-directional adjustment of front and rear, backrest, height and waist support to ensure a personalized comfort experience for passengers. In addition, the front seats are also equipped with heating and ventilation functions, as well as power seat memory functions, which reflect the careful care of the driver and passengers. The wireless charging function is equipped to further enhance the technological feel and convenience of the interior.

潮州奔驰GLE轿跑正在优惠!最低售价79.38万,不容错过

The Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 190 kilowatts and a torque output of 400 Nm, with a strong performance of 258 horsepower. This power system, coupled with a 9-speed automatic transmission, not only provides a smooth driving experience, but also ensures the efficient transmission of vehicle performance.

As the price reduction promotion of Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe is about to come to an end, we would like to take this opportunity to emphasize again that this is by no means an ordinary price reduction, but our deep understanding and response to consumer needs. Buying Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe now, you can not only experience the excellent driving performance and luxury comfort of our brand as always, but also enjoy a very competitive price advantage. This is a great opportunity not to be missed, let us start the perfect journey of luxury and performance together. Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe, waiting for your discerning eyes, let us create more beautiful driving memories together. The discount is limited and there are not many places. Hurry up and seize this opportunity and drive into the future!

Avita 07 officially launched, 21.99-28 9,900 price range

Officially listed, "Tower" wants to understand? 21.99-28 9,900 price range, pure electricity, range extension two options, technology, luxury, intelligence, experience, this pricing strategy is completely different!!

The price difference between the pure electric version and the extended range version is only 1W, and the overall pricing strategy is full of sincerity, and the consumption decision is clearer.

As far as the extended range version of 219,900 yuan is concerned, Kunlun’s intelligent range extension system not only has the advantage of rapid energy replenishment, but also brings more perfect driving control. It can be said that Avita, which is technology-first, redefines the extended range, and uses new technology to design the extended range drive mode to bring new driving experience. This also allows Avita 07 to have the same driving performance as a tram, able to achieve continuous power output, so that the extended range car always has pure electric acceleration. Indeed, whether you care about the supplementary performance, or love the driving experience of a pure electric car 07 can be fully satisfied. The four-wheel full charge zero hundred acceleration 4.9 feed acceleration 5.8 seconds, the power continues to be online, and the power is often used. In the long-distance journey, choose the feed drive, and the fuel consumption of the 100-kilometer feed is only 6.08L. Of course, if you want pure electric drive, Avita 07 is also equipped with a 39kWh Shenxing super-hybrid battery, which has strong discharge capacity and fast charging speed. It only takes 15 minutes to charge from 30% to 80% for 3C fast charging. The main one is fast, achieving both desired and desired full performance.

The relative pure electric version 229,900 yuan is also super competitive, which itself is what Avita technology accumulation is good at, fast energy, solid battery life and more reliable.

And if you want to fully unlock Huawei dry ADS 3.0, Max range extension 239900, pure electric 249900 price is also very fragrant, after all, less than 250,000 yuan can have a complete Huawei intelligent driving, with far beyond the intelligent travel experience.

In terms of comprehensive product strength, Avita 07 has a more comfortable appearance, a new luxury in a large space, and a Taihang intelligent control chassis brings solid and good control. As long as you try it, you will like it.

The price is sincere, and the product strength is more in place. It is recommended that you actually experience the test drive of Avita 07 to feel the strength of the tower. After all, whether it is the comprehensive performance of the vehicle, intelligence, or luxury, Avita is leading in strength.

The new opportunity for the tower, 07 carries the heavy responsibility of the explosion, the new representative of the extension, the technology continues to lead the experience, and the pattern of the extension market is about to change.

"Climber" box office nearly 700 million Wu Jing Jing Boran summoned Hu Ge

1905 movie network news, recently,After the first roadshow of the movie after the opening of Harbin, the director Li Rengang led the lead and starring Wu Jing, Zhang Yi, and Jing Boran rushed to the second stop in Shenyang non-stop. From Zhang Yi’s main venue to Jing Boran’s hometown, the continuation of yesterday’s warm exchange and interaction atmosphere, in addition toIn addition to the content of "father’s love", there is also a lot of attention to the high-flaming action scenes in the film. Wu Jing also said: "I was filming the scene of flying over the ice crack, and I always wondered how I could fly over and nail the crampons at the same time. I remember I took 19 shots with my leg injury."


This time, when he returned to his hometown to promote the new film, Jing Boran said with a smile: "I have learned secret techniques from Brother Angjing and Brother Zhang Yi." To support the film, Jing Boran’s 12-year-old mother powder was brushed 4 times in a row, thanking Jing Boran for bringing positive energy to young people. Because Zhang Yi and Jing Boran are both from Northeast China, fans at the roadshow also asked them to restore the "treasure" clip in Northeast dialect, which caused the audience to laugh. The three of them had a good relationship outside the play, and they also summoned Hu Ge from the air at the roadshow, which triggered Hu Ge’s humorous response.

 

Shenyang station road show opened box office breaking 600 million Jing Boran training drama photographed spit Zhang translation Northeast language confession


On the fifth day of the release of "Climber", the box office has approached 700 million yuan. During the roadshow at Shenyang Station, Jing Boran, who returned to his hometown, also felt the enthusiasm of his relatives in his hometown and the love and support for the movie. When it came to the shooting of the training ground in the film, some audiences were curious about how the real scene was completed. Jing Boran said that in order to create a sense of fatigue and realism, more than a dozen rounds of tire-towing training were carried out during the shooting of the scene, and then the sandbag equipment on the back of the weight exceeded 40 kilograms. Wu Jing also added: "The scene made Jing Boran vomit, and it took more than four hours to recover." The audience was distressed.

More viewers were moved by the "treasure" lines of the two mentors and apprentices in the film. Zhang Yi and Jing Boran, two Northeasterners, were also asked to restore the scene in Northeast dialect. Jing Boran opened his mouth: "What are you targeting me for?" The strong sense of contrast and authentic tone caused the audience to laugh. At the event, many young viewers took their parents to watch the movie together to feel the emotions of their parents’ era. Some viewers said: "I originally watched the first game in Beijing, but later took my parents back to Shenyang and went to the second brush." More mother fans who accompanied Jing Boran for 12 years, shouted excitedly on the spot, watched it four times, and were moved every time they watched it: "Thank you Jing Bao for filming such a work, which brings young people this positive climbing spirit."

 

Wu Jing Zhang Yi Jing Boran summons Hu Ge to "fit" "two captains" 13 years of reunion

The return of Jing Boran on the Shenyang roadshow of the movie "Climber" also means the integration of the two generations of climbers. Wu Jing, Zhang Yi, and Jing Boran also took photos with Hu Ge’s poster on the way to the roadshow, and remotely issued a call to fit. The three of them left messages on Hu Ge’s poster "He hasn’t come yet" "He hasn’t come again" "I’m here again, you still haven’t come", and the soul question finally got Hu Ge’s humorous response "It’s not easy for Hu to come", which also made netizens full of expectations for the four-person fit.

The cast of the whole film is super powerful, and it has also been well received and recognized by netizens after the release. In the film, Wu Jing and Zhang Yi’s two sparkling rivalry scenes also depict the emotional collision between Fang Wuzhou and Qu Songlin. Zhang Yi’s sentence "I respect you, I hate you" explains the "regret" and "entanglement" between the two people across 13 years. Regarding this scene, Zhang Yi also named it on the spot and said that it was the most memorable scene he had filmed: "When I saw Jing Boran lying there, and then I walked up to Brother Jing step by step, I was really sad." The enthusiastic audience at the scene also said: "You are also the climbers among the actors."

The film "Climber" was released simultaneously in North America and the United Kingdom. The film was produced by Tsui Hark and Zeng Peishan, written and directed by Li Rengang, and written by Alai. Wu Jing, Zhang Ziyi, Zhang Yi, Jing Boran, Hu Ge, Wang Jingchun, He Lin, Chen Long, Liu Xiaofeng, Qu Ni Tsering, Lavan Robb, and Dobj starred, and Jackie Chan starred in a friendship.

You are kidding! Xingyue L has such a big discount. If you miss it, you will lose a lot!

No, the discount of Xingyue L’s 618 activity is really amazing! The motivation is good, and the price is so favorable. I feel that I can’t miss it! Let’s talk about this car. It’s a high-value responsibility and a million-dollar sales responsibility in Geely’s high-end series, and the double king is not a hollow reputation.

It is equipped with a 1.5T high-performance engine, with a maximum power of 120kW, a maximum torque of 255N·m and a maximum horsepower of 163 horses. Among them, Xing Yue L and He are the champions of China fuel SUV and car respectively, and their strength is evident.

As the representative of China Automobile, who wants to experience such a powerful car? I hesitated before, but now this offer is really attractive.

I think there is a super big benefit in the live broadcast room of the anchor today! If you replace the car in June, you can not only enjoy the replacement subsidy of 15,000 yuan provided by China Star, but also the government subsidy of 7,000 yuan. Calculate, you can enjoy a total of 22,000 yuan of government-enterprise dual replacement subsidies! This kind of preferential strength is simply exciting!

89668351bd6f21e143d5dbe6db0b7cab09a6d97127a0af1974f4b183bdd9ccd881b976945dfcaeef136e63f610b95