【 First-line anti-epidemic group spectrum 】

　　Guangming Daily reporter Wen Qingsheng Guangming Daily correspondent Li Yongfei Xu Wei

　　The first ray of sunshine in Jiangcheng early morning spilled into the window, and Li Xiaoli, the head nurse of 14 departments infected in Guanggu Hospital of Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, began a busy day. She wears protective equipment quickly and is about to go to her battlefield: "Red Zone".

　　The polluted area in the ward where COVID-19 patients are admitted is called "red zone" because of its high risk of infection. Here, it is the place where Li Xiaoli struggles every day and the battlefield where she interprets "speed and passion".

　　Li Xiaoli, from a hospital of the Rocket Army, is petite, with short hair and ear-length. He talks like a bean, walks with a gust of wind, and the secretary has one word: Quick! She said that this was practiced little by little in the army.

　　He has been a soldier for 31 years, engaged in clinical nursing for 26 years, participated in international peacekeeping, carried out military tasks such as earthquake relief and debris flow rescue, and seen too many "moments of life and death". Li Xiaoli knows more clearly: "Saving people is like fighting, winning and losing every second, and we will have an extra chance of winning treatment."

　　Speed is life, and treatment is war! Li Xiaoli experienced "the speed of life and death" again and again after the war.

　　One morning, when Li Xiaoli made rounds, she found that 85-year-old Uncle Zheng’s eyes were dull, but his vital signs were basically stable, so she told the nurses on duty to pay more attention. As expected, uncle Zheng suddenly had an acute attack of complications at dinner, and his blood potassium was reduced to half of normal people, and his blood oxygen saturation dropped rapidly to 56%. Li Xiaoli immediately implemented first aid according to the doctor’s advice: intravenous potassium supplementation, high-flow oxygen inhalation, and informed the intensive care unit to prepare for intubation treatment.

　　A series of orderly treatment operations dragged Grandpa Zheng back from the brink of death. Uncle Zheng’s son, who was also in the same room for treatment, witnessed this thrilling scene and was so excited that he didn’t know what to say, just thanked him assiduously.

　　"As a nurse, it is not as simple as taking temperature, measuring blood pressure, giving medicine by injection, but having the ability to tug-of-war with death at a critical time." Li Xiaoli said.

　　Li Xiaoli’s father is a veteran who participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. When she left home to serve as a soldier, she gave her a sentence: "A real warrior should be excited when he goes to the battlefield, so that he can win the battle." Over the years, her father’s "spiritual mantle" has been well passed down on her.

　　Before supporting Hubei this time, although Li Xiaoli had already reported her retirement, she still led nurses in Corey to submit the application form collectively. In Wuhan, she served as the head nurse of 14 infectious diseases departments, which is the oldest among the general nurses. Qiao Huixia, the nurse in charge, has worked with Li Xiaoli for 13 years, and her impression is: "As soon as you put on protective clothing, it is like being fully charged with electricity, and you will have endless energy when you put into work."

　　At the nurses’ station, there is a small "supervision column", in which different notes are posted every day. This is what Li Xiaoli lists the problems and shortcomings that existed that day after rounds, and the next day, he will "write off the accounts" item by item.

　　During the interview, Li Xiaoli picked up a piece of paper with 12 "tips" written on it: there are missing items in the first admission evaluation, the date of opening the bottle of hand disinfectant is not filled in, and the 62-bed deep vein catheterization needs key monitoring & HELIP; … Li Xiaoli check one by one, and began to write down the day’s "list of questions". She said: "Don’t look at the small problem, it’s not good for the metropolis ‘ A hole with a big needle tip blows a big wind ’ 。”

　　During the interview, the reporter found a phenomenon that nurses never called the bed number when they entered the ward, but called grandparents, uncles and aunts, and the patients smiled. Nurse Qian Qian said that this "special regulation" in Li Xiaoli has been adhered to for more than 10 years.

　　Grandma Wang, a 92-year-old patient in Li Xiaoli, said a few words to her before leaving the hospital. As soon as I entered the ward, I found grandma Wang sitting by the bed waiting for her: "Daughter, I was discharged from the hospital today, and the old woman wants to see you."

　　Guangming Daily (March 27, 2020, 04 edition)

Some netizens took a photo of Chen Daoming, Chen Baoguo and Zhang Guoli in the same frame, which immediately caused a heated discussion among netizens.The three people in the photo are staring at the camera, so it is rare for an "emperor" to look at them.When it comes to the same frame of these three people, it is inevitable to compare them and see whose work is better.

In 1988, Chen Daoming played the role of emperor, playing Puyi in his youth in The Last Emperor. With this role, he also won the Best Actor Award in the 7th "Golden Eagle Award" of Popular TV and the Outstanding Actor Award in the 9th "Flying Award" of National TV.

In his acting career, he created many imperial roles. Apart from The Last Emperor, he also played Kangxi in Kangxi Dynasty and Liu Bang in The Legend of Chu and Han. Both Kangxi, who is good at using politics and scheming, and Liu Bang, who knows how to combine kindness with kindness, and who is shrewd and scheming, come alive under the interpretation of Chen Daoming.

Chen Daoming is a good actor, who has left many classic roles and many wonderful plays for so many years. He is a traditional and conservative actor, and Chen Daoming is very excellent in terms of personality and artistic morality. Even director Xiaogang Feng commented on him.Chen Daoming, a lofty person who only bowed his head in the play.”。

Now when the drama "Ming Dynasty 1556" is mentioned, many viewers will unconsciously give their thumbs up. This is an epoch-making China TV series. Harry’s integrity is in sharp contrast with the headstrong Emperor Jiajing in the play, and the scene of their struggle and mutual pity is thought-provoking.On the surface, Chen Baoguo only played Jiajing, but in fact he was the ghost of thousands of emperors in China history.The scene of Chen Baoguo flying wildly in a cassock above the main hall is vivid in my mind, and his ignorance is amazing.

In addition, Chen Baoguo’s "Da Zhai Men" tells the history of the rise and fall of a hundred-year-old "Baicaoting" pharmacy in China and the grievances of three generations of the medical family Baifu. Bai Jingqi, who he plays, has a strong rebellious spirit and is a big man with indomitable spirit. Generally speaking, such a role needs to be played by a well-established actor. "After Chen Baoguo, there is no Bai Jingqi".

Generally speaking, Chen Baoguo is a "man with thousands of faces". His performance in "The Age of Steel" is very grounded, and his performance in "Hanwu the Great" is very domineering. As an old actor for many years, Chen Baoguo always has his own ideas when facing different roles. He integrates his unique life feelings into his creative understanding of the roles, showing the inner world of the characters leisurely and intriguing.

In fact, Zhang Guoli was the last of the three to play the role of emperor, but his role-playing in other plays gave him enough public recognition.Take the costume drama Ji Xiaolan with Iron Teeth and Copper Teeth as an example. The story of endless life struggle between him and He Shen, a big corrupt official, is really classic. Ji Xiaolan’s humor and humor make the scholars advance and retreat moderately.

In fact, his most famous role is the film A Private Visit to Kangxi, which was filmed with his wife Deng Jie. Zhang Guoli plays Emperor Kangxi, and the first four plays are directed and performed by Zhang Guoli. The warm and comfortable plot environment gives this work a lot of peaceful colors, and it is unfolded with some mapped stories, which seem to be unrelated, but they are inextricably linked.

In this majestic and domineering Zhang Guoli, the audience can see one.Moldability of good actorsFrom the emperor to the common people, Zhang Guoli is really able to go up and down, to be able to function the people, to be able to live in the past and to be able to live in the present. Nowadays, he appears more in the hosts of variety shows, and programs like "National Treasure" give him a new performance platform.

The image of the former emperor is still in sight, and in a blink of an eye, the three of them have returned to their id lives, and it is really rare to get together again. In any case, they are all recognized as powerful actors in the entertainment industry.

　　By the end of October, 244 films were put on record in Shanghai in 2018, accounting for about 10% of the country; After 70 films, more than 20 "Shanghai productions" entered the cinema, and the annual cumulative box office has exceeded 10 billion yuan. In other words, compared with 41 films produced in Shanghai in 2017, it won a box office of 4.96 billion yuan. The number of films produced this year has increased by 70%, and the box office has more than doubled. What’s more gratifying is that Dying to Survive’s "The Warriors", The Island’s "Animal World" and "Mountain Woman" and other films have diverse themes, concern for reality and outstanding reputation, which not only get good feedback in the market, but also make innovations in artistic creation.

　　Pay attention to reality

　　This summer, Muye Wen, a 34-year-old young director, with the help of Ning Hao and Xú Zhēng, surprised the audience and the market with his first feature film, Dying to Survive. The story of this civilian hero was humorous in the first half and touching in the second half. The film faced the struggle and courage of life test with all kinds of grassroots and little people, and let the audience see the times, goodwill and hope. In the end, Dying to Survive became the box office champion in the summer of 2018 with a box office of 3.099 billion yuan, and it was also the fifth film with a box office of over 3 billion yuan in the mainland market. But what is more worthy of applause than the box office figures is the film’s bold breakthrough in domestic genre films, which shows the light of human nature and social progress through realistic brushstrokes under the tone of humor and joy. Not relying on the so-called big IP, even the director himself is a brand-new name for the market, but Xú Zhēng and the "special fund for promoting the development of Shanghai films" that he intervened in the script stage, and all the audience who bought tickets to support it, valued Dying to Survive’s sincere care for reality.

　　encourge original creations

　　In the summer of 2018, there is also a directorial debut that has to be mentioned. Although there are still many problems in The Island’s special effects production and rhythm processing, this film is undoubtedly ambitious and courageous. The island is closed, everyone survives, the carnival feast and the good and evil of human nature. Bo Huang leads everyone to discuss topics such as fairness, competition, cooperation, rules and human nature in a unique carnival world. This film has also been strongly supported by the "Special Fund for Promoting the Development of Shanghai Films", which is behind the continuous optimization of the film and television industry support mechanism in Shanghai, especially the strong support for the creation, production and distribution of high-quality films.

　　The National Day box office champion "Wushuang" also came from Shanghai. When the ceiling of the police action film was within reach, when Hollywood exhausted all kinds of tricks such as street parkour, fast car racing, fierce fighting, tragic explosion, naked melee, etc., "Wushuang" succeeded in finding another way. It can almost be said that the film relied on the continuous reversal of the plot to win, and the director and screenwriter Zhuang Wenqiang successfully kept the suspense until the last second. The meaning of the film title "Wushuang" until,

　　Various themes

　　In fact, "Produced in Shanghai" not only leads the summer and National Day files at the box office, but also creates a number of excellent works with a unified value connotation and artistic character with rich levels and diverse trends, which broadens the narrative boundary of China films. For example, this year’s opening blockbuster "Animal World" of Shanghai International Film Festival was adapted from Japanese comic book "Gambling Silent Record", which transformed the closed world in the comic book into a film language. The film’s special effects level was not lost to Hollywood blockbusters at all, and the fantasy world in Zheng Kaisi’s mind was perfectly presented on the screen, and the alternating collision between reality and fantasy was also amazing. For example, in the past October, it almost won the most influential drama award in the country, and the realistic Shanghai drama "The Woman Who Picks the Mountain" which almost traveled all over the north and south of China was successfully "picked" on the big screen. Different from the traditional drama film, the woman who picks the mountain fully respects the original stage, keeps the classic paragraphs and aria of the drama performance as much as possible, and inserts them into the whole creative process of the work in the form of documentary. For example, after 30 years, the original team will be assembled, so that the traditional Beijing opera art will glow with new vitality in new ideas and new technologies. The 3D panoramic sound Beijing opera movie "Cao Cao and Yang Xiu"; For example, The Adventure of Avanti, which activates the classic IP, Da Li Xiao Li and Lao Li, which are re-dubbed in Shanghai, and Brave Past, which is produced at a low cost by looking back on the youth of a generation; For example, director Jia Zhangke’s work &hellip, which was shortlisted for the main competition unit in Cannes again;… It can be said that "Produced in Shanghai" is based on cultural heritage and genre creation, and its film creation is increasingly market-oriented, with perfect structure and diverse themes.

　　Chief reporter Sun Jiayin

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[Interior introduction]
The interior style of the Volvo XC90 continues the brand’s Nordic simplicity and luxury concept, creating an elegant interior space with exquisite craftsmanship and comfortable materials. The steering wheel is wrapped in leather, which not only feels delicate to the touch, but also supports manual up and down + front and rear adjustments to ensure that drivers can find the most comfortable grip angle under different driving needs. The 9-inch central control screen is clear and easy to operate, integrates multimedia systems, navigation, phone and air conditioning and other functions, supports automatic speech recognition control, which improves driving convenience.

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Overall, Autohome owners are enthusiastic and positive about the Volvo XC90. He emphasizes the advantages of the Volvo brand and the safety performance of the vehicle, as well as the impressive exterior design. Driving the XC90, the owner not only enjoys a high-quality driving experience, but also gains full confidence and attention from others. The Volvo XC90 undoubtedly meets the dual needs of consumers for safety and fashion, and is a reliable luxury SUV choice.

　　International Online Report (Reporter Liang Liang of China Radio International): Menglian County, Pu ‘er City, Yunnan Province is famous for its unique geographical and climatic advantages in developing avocado industry to help farmers get rid of poverty and increase income in recent years. During the Spring Festival, the reporter visited Mangxin Town in Menglian County to find out.

　　Avocado is a kind of fruit with high nutritional value and has the reputation of "forest cream". In just a few years, avocado became popular in China market. At present, most avocados in the domestic market depend on imports. In 2015, Menglian County cooperated with Pu ‘er Green Silver Biological Co., Ltd. to plant 7,500 mu of avocado in Mangxin Town, becoming the main avocado planting base in China.

　　Pu ‘er Green Silver Biological Co., Ltd. is located in Mangxin Town, where the reporter interviewed Qi Jiazhu, the general manager of the company. He said that after eight years of exploration, they found that the karst landform in Menglian was very suitable for planting avocado. He said, "Our company introduced avocado to Menglian in 2007 for trial planting for 8 years. After the success of the experiment, we began to plant in Menglian (Mangxin) on a large scale in 2015. Avocado needs water, but the roots can’t accumulate water, so we look for it, that is, the karst landform of Menglian is very suitable for planting this thing. "

　　Daojiayun, the mayor of Mangxin Town, told reporters that Mangxin Town is rich in land resources, with an area of about 78,000 mu of cultivated land, of which nearly 40,000 mu of cultivated land is planted with corn. However, the majority of the people sow widely and reap little, with an acre of corn yield of 400 kilograms, and the market price is only in 800 yuan, while planting avocados can bring great benefits. Nevertheless, avocado planting still encountered great difficulties at the beginning of its popularization. He said, "Because it is a new industry, it is more difficult for people to organize and mobilize when they don’t see hope. We use scientific data, and the company uses some figures in the world to tell the masses that the masses feel a bit like a fantasy. "

　　Dao Jiayun said that faced with the situation that ordinary people are used to planting traditional crops and dare not try new crops, party member cadres of the returned villagers’ group in Mangxin Village of Mangxin Town took the initiative to mobilize 29 households and set up the first farmers’ professional cooperative in 2016. Returning farmers’ professional cooperatives planted more than 300 acres of avocados, and Green Silver Company invested capital and technology and was responsible for sales. Farmers can not only account for 30-mdash in income distribution through land shares; 40%, you can also work nearby to increase your income. A year later, the avocado tree brought tangible benefits and attracted more farmers to participate in the planting.

　　Dao Jiayun analyzed that Menglian County is an autonomous county of Dai Lahu and Wa nationalities, and there are many ethnic minorities living there. The successful planting of avocados has provided new opportunities for farmers of frontier ethnic minorities to get rid of poverty and increase their income. He said, "(going back to the past) first took the masses to do it. At that time, avocado had not yet seen the benefits, and it was party member cadres who took the lead and played a very positive role. Especially in frontier minority areas, it is better for village cadres and party member cadres to start to develop industries first. Last year, I saw the effect. There are so many avocados growing on a tree. The price of an avocado can be sold for several dollars, and the supermarket can sell for more than ten dollars. Moreover, the demand is in short supply. After 2017, we organized many party member cadres, many people and many villagers’ groups to go back and forth for on-the-spot reference. After returning, everyone was more enthusiastic and thought that by developing this industry, it would bring better development after the people solved the problem of food and clothing and poverty alleviation. "

　　Yan Shuai, a 55-year-old Dai farmer, is a native of Dazhai, Mangxin Village. He rented 13 mu of mountain land where his family used to grow corn to Green Silver Company to grow avocado, and both he and his wife went to work in the local avocado park. Yan Shuai is responsible for drip irrigation and fertilization in the field every day, while his wife works in the nursery, and the family income has increased a lot compared with before. He told reporters, "I irrigate water, load fertilizer and look around the land. If the water doesn’t come, I will look at the computer room, etc., from 8 am to 12 am and from 2 pm to 6 pm, earning 3,000 yuan a month. The land is rented to them to grow avocados (avocados), and the annual rent is 400 yuan per acre. My family has 13 acres of land, and the rent is paid once every five years. My family has been contracted for 20 years. In the past, one acre of corn earned 300 yuan and 200 yuan only once a year. In this way, with fertilizer, wages, and the money we spent on pesticides, we actually didn’t earn much. Now that they have come to package the land, we will give them all. "

　　However, Dao Jiayun, the mayor of the town, is not satisfied with the income-increasing model of Yan Shuai. He said that the government has decided to set up five more farmers’ professional cooperatives from 2018 to further expand the planting area of avocado by about 3,000 to 5,000 mu, so that farmers can increase their income by sharing shares and earning money by working.

The Integration of Science, Technology and Culture: Historical Thinking and Leaping of the Times　

　　The Integration of Science, Technology and Culture: Historical Thinking and Leaping of the Times -Professor Chen Xiejun’s speech at the 10th annual meeting of Shanghai Association for Science and Technology.　

　　The integration of science and technology and culture is a historical proposition, which has been proved by history in the process of civilization and urban development. It is a history that has been proved by facts, but today it is endowed with the important significance and profound connotation of the times. The integration of science and technology and culture is a strategic issue. Obviously, today, the regular understanding and growth thinking of combining theory with practice in the evolution of science and technology and cultural construction are entrusted with the task of striving for initiative in general plan and expanding future space. The integration of science, technology and culture is a trend topic, so we should sum up our experience, be brave in exploring, make plans according to the situation and follow the trend.　

　　Core view　

　　The integration of technology and culture has existed since ancient times in Shanghai. Science and technology have long been incorporated into our daily life and become a culture. At the same time, science and technology is also an important part for us to deepen our understanding of life and the world and cope with the changing world.　

　　The integration of science and technology and culture is of great practical significance today. We should consciously strengthen the pursuit of this integration and strengthen the research on countermeasures.　

　　Chen Xiejun1952yearsevenBorn in Shanghai, born in Ningbo, Zhejiang. He is currently the deputy director of the Shanghai Cultural Relics Management Committee, the curator of the Shanghai Museum, the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress, and the deputy director of the Education, Culture and Health Committee. It mainly studies philosophy principles, philosophy of science, macro theory of contemporary urban culture and new disciplines, library science, museum science, informatics, art management, cultural and cultural management, etc. He has published such works as Introduction to Science-Theoretical Exploration of Discipline Development, Chronology and Chromatics in Life.90Many books, another editor-in-chief, published papers and articles.　

　　The integration of science and technology and culture has existed since ancient times in Shanghai.　

　　Science refers to a knowledge system that uses categories, theorems, laws and other forms of thinking to reflect the essence and laws of various phenomena in the real world. Technology generally refers to various process operation methods and skills developed according to production practice experience and natural science principles. Culture is the embodiment of people’s way of life and lifestyle, the result of historical accumulation, and the reflection of material life in the spiritual field in a certain era. The integration of technology and culture is a historical fact and necessity.　

　　In fact, the integration of science and technology and culture has existed since ancient times. The excavation of ancient cultural sites in Shanghai, the cleaning of ancient tombs, the discovery of ancient ceramics, bronze and ironware, the excavation of utensils used by ancestors in daily life, such as cookers, containers, food containers and wine containers, and the exposure of ancient architectural remains have displayed the social customs, long life scrolls, changes in daily life and cultural style of Shanghai’s ancient civilization in a magnificent way.　

　　fromtwentycentury60Age to90In the mid-1990 s, several excavations were carried out on the Songze site, involving Songze culture and Majiabang culture in cultural types.2004year2At the end of the month, the archaeological excavation of Songze site achieved brilliant results. The cultural relics of Majiabang culture unearthed this time include stone tools, bone implements and pottery. The stone axe is ground, and the axe body has a double-sided pipe drill hole. The technology of pipe drilling and perforation has always been thought to have appeared in the late Songze culture and was widely used in Liangzhu culture. The discovery of this stone axe advanced the technology of pipe drilling and piercing for more than 1000 years. This is of great significance for exploring and studying the development history of science and technology in Shanghai. Bone implements include bone darts for hunting and tooth knives for scraping. In addition to daily utensils such as pots, pots and beans, pottery also found a pottery pig with red color on the surface, which is a domestic pig that has been domesticated, kept in captivity and has lost its wildness. The discovery of Xiao Tao pig provides new data for the history of animal domestication and livestock breeding in China.　

　　Significant achievements have been made in archaeological excavation of Qinglong Town site in Qingpu District, Shanghai. Qinglong Town is the first famous town in Shanghai, located in Baihe Town, Qingpu District, which was built in the fifth year of Tang Tianbao (746Year). According to legend, during the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan of Soochow once built a Qinglong warship here, and later defeated Cao Jun in Chibi. By the Tang Dynasty, Qinglong Town had become an important place for coastal defense. Because it is located at Hudukou in the lower reaches of Wusong River, it has a superior geographical position and developed shipping conditions, so it has become the earliest foreign trade center in Shanghai and has the reputation of "Little Hangzhou" in the Song Dynasty.2010In 2000, the Archaeological Research Department of Shanghai Museum carried out an archaeological excavation of Qinglong Town site in a planned and step-by-step manner with the academic topics of Wusong River, Hudu base, urban development, shipping and foreign trade as the objects in Shanghai historical archaeology. The first excavation in that year found the architectural base of Tang and Song Dynasties and a large number of porcelain pieces piled up, including hundreds of repairable ceramics. Two years later, archaeologists such as Shanghai Museum and Qingpu Museum excavated the site for the second time and got a better understanding of the layout and connotation of the whole site. The excavation cleared up the orderly arrangement.fourA stove, initially determined, is a large-scale and long-used relic of a casting workshop in the Tang Dynasty, which may be a cast iron workshop and was first discovered in Shanghai. There is also a well found in the remains, which is the deepest and most exquisite among hundreds of wells that have been discovered in Shanghai. There are many artifacts unearthed in the well, such as Tang parrot’s ribbon bronze mirror, iron kettle, iron lifting Liang Ding, iron hook, silver hairpin, celadon porcelain jar, wood carving fragments and so on. This excavation unearthed a large number of cultural relics such as porcelain, copper, iron and wood from the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, and preliminarily counted the recoverable cultural relics.3000Pieces, including many high-quality goods. The results of the two excavations of Qinglong Town Site are of great significance for excavating the origin of Shanghai’s history and culture, exploring the cultural source of the city and exploring the integration of science, technology and culture in history.　

　　When it comes to Shanghai’s ancient civilization with a long history and complementary blend, we have to talk about the Yuan Dynasty sluice site in Zhidanyuan. Zhidan Garden is located at the intersection of Yanchang Road and Zhidan Road in Putuo District.2001yearfivemoon2sunIn the process of residential construction, such an archaeological site appeared. Later, the archaeological team immediately entered the site. After the trial excavation of the archaeological site, it was clearly the site of the sluice in the Yuan Dynasty. Shanghai had excellent water conservancy projects in the Yuan Dynasty. When it comes to water conservancy projects in the Yuan Dynasty, it is necessary to mention Ren Renfa’s National Treasure Exhibition of Jin, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, which caused a sensation in China’s painting and calligraphy circles.seventy-twoAmong the national treasures, there is a flower-and-bird painting by Ren Renfa. Some people think that Ren Renfa was a professional painter in those days, but in fact Ren Renfa was a water conservancy expert in the Yuan Dynasty. This is an excellent case of the integration of science and technology with culture and art. According to historical records, Ren Renfa organized ten major water conservancy projects in Shanghai during the Yuan Dynasty, and today’s Zhidanyuan Sluice was created by Ren Renfa. It is really amazing that the stone tenon processing of Zhidanyuan underground site is exquisite and the technology level is superb. The archaeological work of Zhidanyuan is conducive to understanding the evolution of Wusong River. The predecessor of Suzhou Creek is Wusong River. Today’s Zhidanyuan sluice is far from the Suzhou River today.onekilometre (km)Far away. Therefore, a comparative study of the rivers at that time and now can roughly show the evolution of Wusong rivers.2012yeartwelvemoon31sunThe Yuan Dynasty Sluice Ruins Museum has been opened to the outside world, which has become a bright spot in the construction of Shanghai Museum and filled the blank of Shanghai Ruins Museum.　

　　Science and technology have a profound cultural power.　

　　Science and technology itself is also a kind of culture, and science and technology has a very powerful cultural force. How to understand the cultural power of science and technology? Or from0andoneTalk about.0andoneThe problem is the door to the computer world. have0andoneBoolean algebra, mechanical computers, electronic computers, and the culture of our digital age.　

　　0andoneInvolving the logic of truth and falsehood, there is a "baldy paradox" in the logic of truth and falsehood. I asked everyone, "am I bald?" Everyone said, "How can you be bald with so much hair?" So I started pulling out my hair. Common sense tells us that a person’s hair can’t be countless, and it can definitely be pulled out. When I pulled out three hairs, I asked everyone, "Am I bald?" Everyone said that I heard that Mr. Zhang Leping painted San Mao, but I didn’t hear that Mr. Zhang Leping painted baldy. In this case, you should not be bald if you have left three hairs. According to the logic of truth and falsehood, you are "non-bald". I continued to pull out my hair. When I pulled out two hairs, I asked everyone, "Am I bald?" Everyone thinks that Sanmao is not bald, and of course Sanmao is not. Then, a dime is naturally not. The problem is that a hair is not bald, but it will become bald after it is pulled out. In any case, everyone will not accept this conclusion. This is the famous "Bald Man Paradox". This hurdle can’t be crossed.　

　　1964In, there was an applied mathematician named Chad in the United States. He said that this problem had to be solved from fuzzy mathematics. hold0andoneEnclosed in brackets, then, in0andoneThere are countless corresponding values in the middle. In this way, there is a solution to the "baldy paradox" in the traditional logic of truth and falsehood. When people start to pull out their hair, it’s not bald.0, to the bald head.oneWhen you pull out half of your hair, it corresponds to0.5,0andoneThere are countless corresponding points between them, which theoretically helps the "baldy paradox" get rid of the predicament and puts forward a fuzzy mathematical theory. As soon as the theory of fuzzy mathematics is solved, the problems of fuzzy logic and fuzzy linguistics are solved.　

　　Accurate mathematical tools may not be able to deal with abnormal social problems properly. Now, we have never encountered many problems in the political, economic and cultural fields. It can be said that we are facing a fuzzy world, and "fuzzy mathematics" is an "accurate" tool to deal with the fuzzy world.　

　　Let’s introduce a "fault-tolerant technology" problem from the fuzzy problem. After the computer system was put forward, the problem of "fault tolerance technology" was put forward. For example, it is impossible for engineering in heaven to be fault-tolerant. In the development of electronic computers, the research and solution of "fault-tolerant technology" has played an important role, which makes it possible for the continuous development of electronic computers and the promotion of their systems.　

　　Let’s talk about rhythm again. Rhythm is also a very important concept in science and technology. Once rhythm is connected with music and poetry, a new bright spot of science and technology culture appears. There are also rhythm problems in news layout and venue design, and rhythm will also bring out rhythm aesthetics.　

　　I hope that through these examples, we can realize that science and technology have long been integrated into our daily life and become a culture. At the same time, science and technology is also an important part for us to deepen our understanding of life and the world and cope with the changing world.　

　　Countermeasure research on the integration of science, technology and culture　

　　The integration of science and technology and culture is of great practical significance today. We should consciously strengthen the pursuit of this integration and strengthen the research on countermeasures. I have some experiences that I want to share with you.　

　　First, take the integration of science and technology and culture as a cultural attitude. At present, the pace of mutual integration of culture and science and technology is accelerating, and new cultural formats and new channels of communication are constantly emerging. Science and technology has increasingly become a key force to transform and upgrade traditional cultural undertakings and cultural industries, and a powerful engine to promote the scientific development and innovative development of cultural work. After decades of continuous exploration and innovation in reform and opening up, a new development concept of the integration of science and technology and culture has gradually formed. The integration of science, technology and culture is a development strategy, and it must become a consensus and common pursuit. The integration of science and technology and culture is a cultural attitude, which needs to be interpreted and deduced. The integration of science, technology and culture is a kind of comprehensive thinking, which should be explored across disciplines. The integration of science and technology and culture is a topic of the times. We should introduce new perspectives, new understandings and new thoughts from the information society, network technology, the world is flat, semantic revolution, cloud computing, the era of big data, culture and symbolic economy, and the new driving force to change the world in the future.　

　　Second, it is very important to carry forward the spirit of urban science. Cultural spirit is of course important to the development of a city. However, today, our city should not only carry forward the urban cultural spirit, but also advocate the urban scientific spirit. Take Shanghai as an example, it has accumulated profound scientific and technological civilization in the development of ancient civilization and modern civilization. As for the scientific spirit of the city and the process of the integration of science, technology and culture, we should sort out the history and analyze individual cases, and make special research and scientific summary on the interaction of science and technology and culture in ancient civilization and the mutual promotion of science and technology and culture in modern urban footprints, from the perspective of "the light of science and technology culture in the sluice site of Yuan Dynasty", "The Elements of Geometry" translated by Xu Guangqi, a pioneer of science, "the science and technology culture of Jiangnan Factory is the first" and Yangshupu Waterworks, Power Plants and Pujiang Hotel.　

　　The third is to cultivate projects and brands that integrate technology and culture.2012In, Shanghai issued the "Three-year Action Plan for Promoting the Integration of Culture and Science and Technology in Shanghai", striving to build a cultural science and technology innovation system and support system with reasonable structure, complete categories, optimized layout, high science and technology content and Shanghai characteristics. Science and technology promotes culture, and culture feeds back science and technology. The achievements of scientific and technological innovation are highlighted, new formats emerge and the development environment is improved. After combing history, understanding significance, making plans and integrating resources, the integration of science, technology and culture needs to determine projects, form brands, sum up experience and move with the times. We need a number of leading projects and their brands with scientific and technological content, such as animation games, network audio-visual, creative design, film and television production, culture and art, and digital services, to integrate scientific and technological connotation into the public cultural service system, the cultural industry system and the cultural market system, to provide scientific and technological support, to seek the integration of key technologies of science and technology culture, and to integrate into the innovative management platform of scientific and technological means, so as to lay a new foundation for the in-depth integration and development of science and technology and culture at a newer and higher level.　

　　The fourth is to revitalize "popular science", "scientific prediction" and "scientific fantasy". "The integration of technology and culture" should start from the foundation and let the thoughts fly. Shanghai has a long tradition in popular science, "scientific prediction" and "scientific fantasy", which should be revived. "Popular science" is the cradle of scientific and technological development; "scientific prediction" has inserted the wings of tomorrow for the integration of science and technology and culture; "Scientific fantasy" is a form of fantasy to express the material, spiritual and cultural life and scientific and technological prospects of human beings in the future world, and its content is intertwined with scientific facts, foresight and imagination. "Popular science", "scientific prediction" and "scientific fantasy" make the integration of science and technology and culture travel with images, and lead the time axis of "judging the beauty of heaven and earth, analyzing the reason of all things, borrowing the wings of science and technology and communicating with culture" from yesterday to today to tomorrow smoothly, wisely and artistically.　

　　Fifth, it is the requirement of the times to cultivate comprehensive talents of science and technology and culture and the integration of science and technology and culture, calling for the cultivation of comprehensive talents of science and technology and culture. Science, Technology and Culture comprehensive talents should have a compound knowledge structure that runs through all fields of science, technology and culture. It has both a special ability and a skill, as well as the wisdom of general knowledge and integration. It can not only explore yesterday’s footprints, but also base itself on today’s platform and embrace the deep-seated tomorrow of system integration. We should strive to become new explorers and practitioners of "the integration of technology and culture".　

　　The sixth is to summarize China.2010Fresh experience of the 2008 Shanghai World Expo. China2010The 2008 Shanghai World Expo has created fresh experience for the "integration of technology and culture", which should be summarized in time and actively promoted. self1851Since the first World Expo in Britain in 2008,160Over the years, World Expos have always been the "cradle" of new technologies, new products and new materials, as well as the carrier of new ideas, new concepts and new technologies and one of the communication platforms. In essence, the World Expo is also a scientific and technological, materialized and scientific and technological humanistic spirit. Science and technology is the product of humanities, and the development of science and technology cannot be separated from the birth of humanities. Humanistic spirit is always tenaciously expressed from scientific spirit, and human thinking mode, values and management mode strongly change the scientific and technological landscape, social conditions and life trends.　

　　After "one city, one policy", the influence of local governments on the property market has increased, but the big logic of "staying and not speculating" has not changed, and only the demand of a few cities can support the rise in housing prices.

　　Caijing reporter Wang Bo Intern Qin Xinyu Hvenmark Editor

　　At the end of the year and the beginning of the year, the central government’s wide currency and local loose purchase restrictions have taken a two-pronged approach, so that developers who have been suppressed for a year have seen the hope of bottoming out. "Of course, the biggest concern is where is the next deregulated city?" A number of regional real estate executives told Caijing (blog, Weibo) reporter frankly.

　　At the end of 2018, Shandong Heze first issued a signal of loosening the regulation of the property market and canceled the restriction on the sale of new residential houses. Subsequently, many cities relaxed their purchase restrictions, and Guangzhou (real estate), Zhuhai (real estate), Hangzhou (real estate), Qingdao (real estate) high-tech zone and other places used supplementary social security, talent introduction, settlement and other means to regulate the market. The general direction was to stimulate purchasing power and improve the efficiency of buying houses and transferring ownership.

　　The local government has quietly relaxed the regulation of the property market, but there are traces to follow. On December 19, 2018, the Central Economic Work Conference put forward the general direction of strengthening the main responsibility of the city government and improving the housing market system and housing security system under the background of not speculating in housing. Among them, the policy of the city is to decentralize the power to the local government.

　　With the loosening of local property market regulation, the financial system continued to release water. At the beginning of 2019, official website, the central bank, announced that it would reduce the RRR by 1 percentage point and release 800 billion yuan of long-term funds. In 2018, the central bank has visited targeted cuts to required reserve ratios four times, releasing about 3.5 trillion yuan of base money. Zhang Ming, chief economist of Ping An Securities, predicted that monetary policy relaxation will continue in 2019, and the central bank should have four RRR cuts.

　　After the wide currency, the wide credit followed. According to data from Rong 360, in December 2018, the average interest rate of the first home loan in China was 5.68%, down 0.03 percentage points from the previous month, which was the first time that the first average interest rate in China fell in 23 months.

　　Under the multiple benefits, the market is hotly discussing whether the turning point of the property market is approaching. On December 24th, 2018, Wang Menghui, Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that the goal of 2019 will be to stabilize land prices, house prices and expectations. But what about the word "stable"? Opinions vary from party to party.

　　Wide currency developers have limited benefits.

　　Since 2018, the central bank has lowered the RRR five times, and the general tone of macro-control with wide currency and wide credit has eased the financing difficulties of good developers.

　　In November 2018, the financing amount of housing enterprises exceeded 100 billion, and in December it reached 160 billion. In the first ten days of January 2019, the financing amount was as high as 70 billion. Financing housing enterprises include R&F, Longguang, Sunac, Midea Real Estate, etc. Among them, Sunac and Longguang, which have higher financing costs, account for about 6%, while others are between 45%. This set of data is much lower than the financing cost of housing enterprises in the previous two years. In 2017, the average domestic financing cost of housing enterprises was about 8%-9%.

　　In 2018, targeted cuts to required reserve ratios, the central bank, brought 3.5 trillion yuan to banks and increased the liquidity of the whole society. Concerns also follow: whether a large amount of hot money will flow to real estate, leading developers to continue to buy land with high leverage, thus speculating on land prices and housing prices.

　　Zhang Ming believes that the five RRR cuts have brought some changes to the financing environment of developers, but at present, small and medium-sized developers are not in the bank’s field of vision, and many banks still only lend to the top 20 housing enterprises in the country. The central bank’s recent four RRR cuts are all targeted. It is hoped that banks will lend money to small and medium-sized enterprises, private enterprises and innovative enterprises to support debt-to-equity swaps and manufacturing industries, rather than flowing to real estate.

　　However, before that, there did appear the situation of "left-handed" and "yin-yang contract". After the SMEs borrowed from the bank, they lent the money to the developers, and the SMEs became a channel for real estate developers to raise funds. Xiang Songzuo, former chief economist of Agricultural Bank of China, told Caijing that according to the requirements of the central bank, commercial banks have clear provisions on the use of loans for small and micro enterprises. The central bank has also brought the support effect of commercial banks on small and medium-sized enterprises into the macro-prudential assessment (MPA) system. "Of course, there will be regulatory loopholes in the operation process, but it will not form a universal phenomenon."

　　Dong Ximiao, deputy dean of Chongyang Financial Research Institute of Renmin University of China, believes that the 4 trillion package plan in 2008 was directly invested by the main government, many of which were in the field of infrastructure, and more funds directly or indirectly flowed into real estate.

　　In this round of monetary policy adjustment, the central bank’s goal is to inject liquidity into key areas and weak links more efficiently, rather than the real estate market.

　　At the end of July, 2018, the meeting held in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee also set the tone for macro adjustment, and put forward six stabilities (stable employment, stable finance, stable foreign trade, stable foreign investment and stable expectations), among which stable employment ranked first, and only small and medium-sized enterprises and private enterprises can bring stable employment.

　　Since the beginning of 2019, UBS Securities has conducted research on dozens of head real estate companies, financial institutions and industry experts, and believes that the central government has not yet released large-scale water to real estate at the credit level. "In 2019, investors generally expect the GDP growth rate to be in the range of 66.5%. If the downside risk of the economy is too large, such as less than 6, then there will be more macro-stimulus measures." Ge Ge, a real estate analyst at UBS Securities, told Caijing reporter.

　　One city, one policy, the property market opens precise regulation.

　　At the Central Economic Work Conference held on December 19, 2018, in addition to insisting on housing and not speculating, the central government also put forward requirements such as city policy, classified guidance and consolidating the main responsibility of the city government. At the recent local two conferences held in various places, "one city, one policy" has become a hot word.

　　In the past two months, the regulation of the property market in some areas has been loosened, which is also a test of one city and one policy. For example, Heze cancels the restrictions on the transfer of new houses and reduces the supervision of funds for pre-sale buildings in urban areas; Guangzhou’s commercial housing can be sold to individuals, and the purchase of the first suite in neighboring cities can apply for provident fund withdrawal; Hangzhou allows social security to be paid three times; Hengyang (real estate) has cancelled the price limit.

　　Zhang Dawei, chief analyst of Zhongyuan Real Estate, believes that the expectation of the property market has changed, the most stringent period of real estate regulation and control policies has passed, and fine-tuning will be inevitable. In 2019, the property market policies of more than 30 cities will be fine-tuned. As long as the housing prices do not rise, the real estate policies are likely to be loose.

　　Whether house prices will rise sharply in 2019, the regulation of local governments is an uncertain factor.

　　In 2018, the national sales of commercial housing was nearly 15 trillion. Usually, developers will take 50% to 60% of their income to acquire land, which is equivalent to about 8 trillion yuan flowing to local governments every year. Only when house prices rise can land be sold, and local governments are of course happy to see house prices rise.

　　In 2018, the national land purchase volume and price both fell. For the regulation of the property market, local governments and the central government have been in a game, but one city and one policy does not mean that local governments can let go of their hands and feet to develop land finance. Take the cities that have been deregulated in the past two months as an example, they are all fine-tuning based on destocking, partial release of just-needed, and improving the efficiency of housing transactions.

　　Yang Xianling, president of RealData, believes that "one city, one policy" gives local governments the flexibility to regulate the property market, but it cannot be divorced from the central logic of "housing and not speculating", and at the same time, local governments will also bear the responsibility of responding.

　　Many people pay attention to the policy of the city, but ignore the following sentence: "Consolidate the main responsibility of the city government". Zhang Ming believes that this sentence means that if the house price rises too high or too fast, it will directly affect the promotion of relevant officials.

　　Many economists predicted to Caijing that in 2019, the RRR cut is still expected, but it is unlikely that the property market will skyrocket and plummet. The tone of the real estate market in 2019 is obvious-a stable and long-term mechanism.

　　Zhang Ming’s team once estimated that about half of the total loans of China Bank (601988) were related to house prices and land prices. According to a report issued by Guangfa Bank and Southwest University of Finance and Economics, 80% of China households’ assets are houses. If the property market plummets and the downward pressure on the economy increases, it will lead to systemic financial risks and social risks. At the same time, due to the limited overseas investment, the property market is still the most important target in the allocation of household assets in China. If the property market soars, the leverage ratio of residents and housing enterprises will increase, which will make the previous deleveraging achievements fall short.

　　At the Winter Davos Forum on January 24th, Fang Xinghai, vice chairman of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, said that the leverage ratio of China’s household sector has exceeded 110%, which is higher than that of the United States. This is a terrible figure, and if it is not controlled, the debt problem may break out. He believes that now that the economy is stimulated, the leverage of enterprises can no longer be increased, and the leverage of residents can no longer rise. The only thing that can be improved is government debt, so we have seen that local debt is gradually loosening.

　　Which cities have room for rising house prices?

　　In cities that are deregulated, there is actually no obvious fluctuation in house prices. In the data published on the website of China Real Estate Association, Caijing reporter found that the house price in Heze rose in December when the news was announced, and fell again in January. The house prices in Hangzhou and Hengyang remained unchanged, while the house price in Guangzhou rose slightly.

　　Wen Bin, chief researcher of Minsheng Bank (600016), believes that the supply and demand of the real estate market are generally balanced from the national perspective, but different cities have different structural characteristics due to factors such as industry, population and land. At present, housing prices in first-tier and some second-tier cities still have upward momentum due to the suppression of demand in the early stage, and housing prices in third-and fourth-tier cities are facing downward pressure.

　　"Buying a house now is a high-level takeover, and it is impossible to make money. The local government thinks that after the price limit and purchase restriction are liberalized, investors will come to speculate. In fact, it is probably wishful thinking. Even if all the real estate control policies are liberalized, where will the demand come from for most third-and fourth-tier cities? " Say to Matsuzaka.

　　He believes that the net inflow and outflow of population will be the main indicators to judge the next round of housing price fluctuations.

　　At the end of 2018, the Report on the Development of Floating Population in China (2018) released by National Health Commission showed that the number of floating population in China declined for three consecutive years. Judging from the development trend of floating population in urban agglomerations, the long-term resident floating population is on the rise, and the five major urban agglomerations represented by the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomerations will remain the main gathering places of floating population in the future.

　　According to a set of data released by China Index Academy, in 2018, housing enterprises focused on the Yangtze River Delta and the central and western regions. Vanke and Country Garden, the top two land buyers, have heavy positions in these two areas, accounting for 19.86 million square meters and 37.66 million square meters respectively. According to the statistics of Caijing reporters, among the second-tier cities in the Yangtze River Delta and the central and western regions since 2017, the cities with a net population inflow of more than one million are Ningbo (real estate), Jiaxing (real estate), Hangzhou, Wuhan (real estate) and Zhengzhou (real estate).

　　In 2018, housing prices in third-and fourth-tier cities experienced an irrational rise due to the monetization policy of shed reform, while first-and second-tier cities such as Chengdu, Xiamen (real estate), Shanghai (real estate), Hangzhou and Beijing (real estate) rose too fast in 2017, and all of them were adjusted back in 2018.

　　The Joint Laboratory of Housing Big Data released a report after investigating 142 sample cities. In 2018, the top five cities with rising house prices were Xianyang (real estate), Haikou, Nanyang (real estate), Xi ‘an (real estate) and Guiyang, all of which were third-and fourth-tier cities, with increases of 36.94%, 35.43%, 31.62% and 29.01 respectively. The top five cities with falling house prices in 2018 are Chengdu, Xiamen, Langfang, Shanghai and Zhangjiakou (real estate). Among them, Zhangjiakou is irrational because of the concept of speculation in the Winter Olympics, while the other four cities are either first-tier or second-tier cities around the first line.

　　Zhang Ming believes that quasi-first-tier cities around first-tier cities, or cities in second-tier cities where house prices have risen relatively slowly in the past few years, may have rising potential in the future. For example, the housing prices in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and Shenzhen are already very expensive, while those in Guangzhou are cheaper than those in Shenzhen, while those in Foshan and Dongguan are cheaper than those in Guangzhou. In the Yangtze River Delta, the housing prices in Shanghai and Hangzhou are very expensive, but the housing prices in Nanjing are OK. Beijing’s purchase restriction is very strict, but its surrounding cities such as Tianjin (real estate) still have room for growth.

　　According to the Monitoring Report of China Real Estate Enterprises in 2018 by China Index Academy, the top ten real estate enterprises will all take land in second-tier cities in 2018. Take Vanke as an example, its land acquisition area in second-tier cities accounts for 63.9% of the annual land acquisition area, and the land acquisition amount also accounts for 60.9% of its total amount. (The top ten real estate enterprises are Vanke, Longhu, Poly, China Shipping, Country Garden, Evergrande, Jindi, Shimao, Greentown and R&F)

　　Head developers have strong financial strength, and they are quick to harvest the first and second lines, and small and medium-sized developers settle for second best. In recent contacts with developers, Mr. Ge of UBS Securities found that many small and medium-sized developers no longer mention the third and fourth lines. The boat is easy to turn around, and they have also targeted the second-tier cities.

　　The new round of property market regulation began in the fourth quarter of 2016, when the first-tier cities began the purchase restriction policy. In the second and third quarters of 2017, the purchase restriction spread to second-tier cities, and the purchase restriction in many second-tier cities changed from three years to five years. However, after two years of regulation, the buyers who had just needed social security for three years already had the qualification to buy a house.

　　On March 17, 2017, Guangzhou released the latest purchase restriction policy, and the qualification for foreign buyers to purchase houses changed from three years to five years; In the same month, Hangzhou also implemented a purchase restriction, requiring foreign buyers to pay social security for two consecutive years. In 2019, the just-needed purchasing power restricted by social security in these two cities will be released.

　　Just-needed and improved demand is still the focus of bank mortgage support. Zhang Ming believes that with the market liquidity brought about by the RRR cut and the decline of bank capital cost, the interest rate of the first home loan will fall. However, the central government’s determination to curb speculative real estate speculation has not been relaxed. In addition to the purchase restriction, the loan restriction is also more severe. Zhang Ming revealed that the mortgage loans of many commercial banks have not exceeded 1 million yuan recently.

　　　 This article was first published on WeChat WeChat official account: Caijing Magazine. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.