Original favorite jun loves history.
▲ Statue of Bruce Lee in Victoria Harbour.
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In 1959, 19-year-old Bruce Lee crossed the sea from Hong Kong with $100 from his father and went to the United States alone.
The waves on the sea are undulating, like the curve of fate.
Li Qiuqin, Bruce Lee’s cousin, recalled that Bruce Lee suddenly left Hong Kong for the United States that year because of his enmity with a local Cantonese film xiaosheng nicknamed "Qiaozaike".
Previously, Bruce Lee once met the handsome boy in the teahouse. Qiaozaike has always been doing nothing, and he has a large number of servants. He challenged Bruce Lee and asked him to pour himself tea. Bruce Lee ignored it at first, until the other party insulted his father, then flew into a rage and fought with a group of people from the other party until the police station.
After that, the handsome boy released malicious words, and wanted to use his relationship with gangs to issue a killing order to Bruce Lee. Bruce Lee’s parents were worried about his son’s accident, so they arranged for him to study in the United States.
This is just an episode of Bruce Lee’s early Jianghu story.
Born in Chenshi, the Year of the Loong (7: 12 a.m. on November 27th, 1940), this "son of the dragon" has never been an easy character.
Bruce Lee has been active since childhood. When I was young, during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, Japanese planes often flew low. According to his family’s memories, Bruce Lee, who was ignorant, climbed to the top floor and shouted abuse when he saw the Japanese opportunity, which made his parents surprised and annoyed.
Later, in Bruce Lee’s masterpiece Jingwumen, Zhen Chen, who he played, tore up the plaque of "The Sick Man of East Asia" and stuffed it into the Japanese mouth. Such a shocking scene, while making people clap their hands and exclaim, may also be expressing their national feelings awakened from childhood.
After studying at La Salle College in Hong Kong, Bruce Lee became a loyal and keen "fighting king". He is agile and has learned Kung Fu. No matter whether he is a senior or a junior student, he has to beat him down within a few moves.
According to his classmate next door, James J.S.Wong, who was later ranked among the four gifted talents in Hong Kong, recalled: "In the whole Lassa Academy, only he bullied others, and almost no one dared to provoke him."
James J.S.Wong said so, of course, because he himself suffered from Bruce Lee’s loss.
On one occasion, James J.S.Wong’s younger brother and Bruce Lee were at loggerheads and had an argument. When James J.S.Wong saw this, he did not stand by and joined hands with his younger brother, fighting against Bruce Lee. Within a few rounds, the two brothers were beaten and fled.
The two men fought for a month, and finally James J.S.Wong invited them to dinner, and the two sides shook hands and made peace. Future kung fu superstars and literary talents can be described as strangers.
▲ Bruce Lee and his father, brother and friend, with James J.S.Wong on the right.
At that time, the historical background made Hong Kong a melting pot of culture, where people from all walks of life gathered together and talented people came forth in large numbers.
With Bruce Lee and James J.S.Wong, there is also Xu Guanwen, the pioneer of Hong Kong-style comedy. Due to family constraints, Xu Guanwen had to teach English part-time during school, so he obviously didn’t have a chance to fight with Bruce Lee.
Xu Guanwen’s younger brother, Samuel Hui, known as the God of Songs, became quite familiar with Bruce Lee after many years. Both wives are Americans, and the two children have been playing since childhood.
Samuel Hui once invited Li Xiangning, the daughter of Bruce Lee, to sing for her father at a concert with the theme of "Hong Kong Feelings" in memory of Bruce Lee.
▲ Samuel Hui and Bruce Lee.
When the Xu Shi brothers were children, the family settled in the log cabin area of Diamond Hill where there was no water or electricity. Recalling this bitter day, Xu Guanwen once said with self-deprecation: "I have no sense of humor, from small to large. I am so serious that I don’t understand why others think I am funny. "
At this time, the Xu Shi brothers obviously had nothing to do with movies, but Bruce Lee became attached to movies since childhood.
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Bruce Lee’s family is rich. His father, Li Haiquan, is a famous Cantonese opera singer and his enlightenment in drama and martial arts.
When Bruce Lee was 7 years old, he began to learn Tai Ji Chuan from his father, which was his first contact with China Kung Fu.
▲ Bruce Lee in the child star period.
Born into a family of Cantonese opera, he often visited Li Haiquan on the set, and even played a guest role in the films he participated in, showing his acting talent from an early age.
When he was three months old, Bruce Lee appeared in the movie Golden Gate Girl, playing a baby. In this regard, he once proudly said: "I made a movie as soon as I was born."
His original name was Li Zhenfan, and the name "Bruce Lee" was also given to him by the screenwriter Biu Wan Yuen when he was 9 years old and participated in the film "Xi Lu Xiang".
Bruce Lee’s mother, Grace Ho, is a Sino-German mixed-race, and is the adopted daughter of He Gantang, a wealthy businessman. The Ho family was once one of the four famous families in Hong Kong. He Gantang had two brothers-He Fu and He Dong. Stanley Ho, the "King of Macau Gambling", is the grandson of He Fu. After a careful stroke, Bruce Lee and Stanley Ho still have three generations of cousins.
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As a teenager, Bruce Lee was very dedicated to movies, but his attitude towards learning was quite different. His partiality is serious, especially his emphasis on literature over science. He often violates discipline at school. Like James J.S.Wong, he was defeated by countless students under his command, so he had to drop out of school several times and transfer to another school.
In 1953, 14-year-old Bruce Lee changed his school uniform every day after school and took to the streets to find his opponent. Once, he finally met a strong enemy and tasted defeat. He was very unhappy when he was stronger.
Under the introduction of a playmate of the same age, he came to Wing Chun Boxing Hall in Lida Street, Kowloon, and worshipped Ip Man as his teacher.
Bruce Lee is fearless of heaven and earth, and he didn’t know what a "teacher" was until he met Yip Man, a great master of Wing Chun Boxing.
Unlike the defiant Bruce Lee, Ip Man kept a low profile all his life, never being competitive. In addition to practicing martial arts, I usually have tea with my disciples and friends in the teahouse and occasionally play mahjong several times.
Fate has brought this pair of disciples with different personalities to meet. After many years, Bruce Lee has become one of Ip Man’s most proud disciples.
▲ Ip Man and Bruce Lee.
After entering the door of Ip Man, Bruce Lee studied hard and practiced hard. Practice sticking your hands to the stake at home all day. His father didn’t know whether he was happy or worried. He sighed, "As long as he takes 20% from his martial arts experience, his studies will not be like this." Nowadays, many parents in China probably have similar troubles as Li Haiquan.
Learning Wing Chun Boxing was also the first time that Bruce Lee systematically received the education of China Wushu. Later, when he recalled Master, his heart was full of gratitude:
First of all, he is a shrewd scholar. He knows my personality very well and knows what I really need. He even asked me to learn some new moves when I was tired of kicking, so as to hone my patience. Because I have no physical strength at this time, I will not be anxious when practicing … I have completely lost myself in this unique wing chun world.
Bruce Lee believes that many martial arts teachers are rigid in concept and technology, and are deeply bound by form in teaching methods, which will lead to a vicious circle in the development of martial arts in China, while Ip Man can keep pace with the times and teach students in accordance with their aptitude.
▲ Bruce Lee asked Ip Man about Wing Chun.
Shine on you, but better than blue. Bruce Lee inherited IP Man’s innovative consciousness. He studied martial arts from various schools all his life, including Wing Chun, Tai Chi, Neijia Boxing, Jiequan, Karate and Taekwondo.
In the end, Bruce Lee combined the strengths of various schools, combined with the Taoist culture he loved, and put forward the martial arts thought of "taking the impossible as the law, taking the infinite as the limit" and "being invisible and like water". In 1967, he founded Jeet Kune Do. In recent years, MMA, a fire, regarded Bruce Lee as a pioneer.
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In 1959, when Bruce Lee came to the United States at the age of 19, he studied at the Edison Institute of Technology in Seattle, preparing for the university entrance examination. Although I stayed at my father’s friend’s house, my living expenses were almost entirely self-reliant.
Bruce Lee is not only superb in martial arts, but also a great dancer. He once won the Hong Kong cha-cha championship. When he was in Hong Kong, he learned a set of boxing techniques from a martial arts elder, Cha Cha.
When he first arrived in the United States, he took the title of champion of cha-cha dance as a gimmick and made a living by teaching people to dance. Later, he worked as a restaurant waiter and newspaper handyman, and his life was very difficult.
During this period, Lin Yanni, a famous talented woman who had many contacts with Bruce Lee, once said: "If you shoot the Biography of Bruce Lee, the most exciting thing is not the years when he returned to Hong Kong to film, but the years when he worked hard to get married in the United States."
Lin Yanni was the girlfriend of Bruce Lee’s brother Li Zhongchen, and later became his sister-in-law. After many years, she had an emotional entanglement with James J.S.Wong for more than ten years.
When Lin Yanni and Bruce Lee met at a young age, the Bruce Lee she wrote was true and clear, both naughty and enthusiastic, but also hesitant and frustrated.
On one occasion, Bruce Lee received an "order" from his brother to take care of Lin Yanni during the summer vacation. Outgoing, he hit it off with this sister-in-law and soon became good friends. According to Lin Yanni, it is "hardcore brothers".
Bruce Lee even told her that she lost her virginity at the age of 14, saying that she was "fucked" by an actress on the set.
They talked about everything. As soon as Bruce Lee started talking, he couldn’t stop. Lin Yanni recalled: "He talked about martial arts, philosophy and girls, but he never heard him talk about school. If you want him to keep silent, you’d better talk about going to school and make sure he stops talking at once. "
At that time, Lin Yanni shared a room with three classmates, and met a wicked landlord, who wanted them to pay compensation for replacing the moldy old carpet without permission.
Lin Yanni called Bruce Lee and told him that he had been bullied. Without saying anything, Bruce Lee came to argue with the landlord with a gun in his hand. His eyes glared angrily, and the landlord started to run away, afraid to ask for trouble again.
Lin Yanni was only 17 years old at that time, and he thought, "It’s fun for someone to save us with a real gun", but he was afraid that Bruce Lee would get excited and really kill the evil landlord.
Bruce Lee, on the other hand, somewhat regretted holding a gun to rescue the scene. He later recalled that people in Wulin should despise all firearms.
▲ Lin Yanni and Bruce Lee.
Lin Yanni found that Bruce Lee was actually a lonely man. Because of the uncertain future at that time, he was preoccupied every day.
He said to Lin Yanni, "Sometimes I wake up in the middle of the night and sit in bed and cry."
Therefore, Lin Yanni said: "What I know is not the superstar Bruce Lee at all, but an unruly and unremitting person with an extremely kind heart." It is said that men don’t cry lightly, but Bruce Lee also has a sentimental side.
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Two years after coming to the United States, in March 1961, Bruce Lee was admitted to Washington University, majoring in drama and minoring in philosophy.
Philosophy and Kung Fu seem to have nothing to do with each other, but they have fascinated Bruce Lee all his life. A quiet move, just like Bruce Lee’s character of being quiet as a virgin and moving as a rabbit.
Li Zhongchen was not surprised by his younger brother’s choice. Bruce Lee, he said, liked to think alone since he was a child. At first, everyone thought he was ill, but later he knew what he was thinking, but he didn’t know what he was thinking. By studying philosophy, he can get a thorough understanding of those problems.
With a deep love for philosophy, Bruce Lee was also fascinated by writing poems, attaching his inner confusion and expectation for the future to the words.
When writing to his best friend, Jhoon Rhee, the "father of American Taekwondo", he turned his growing thoughts and feelings into poems to encourage himself and wrote a poem "Who am I":
Who am I?
I am a giant in the crowd,
Overlooking the heroes of the world,
Or is it a mediocre person who feels closed?
I am a successful and confident gentleman.
A natural leader who answers every call,
Or be careful in front of strangers,
The weak who are always frightened?
Behind the forced smile,
Is a trembling heart,
Like a little boy lost in a dark forest.
In college, Bruce Lee continued his work-study life. He finally found that even the cha-cha and other things he loved for many years were just "meaningless leisure and fun".
China Kung Fu is his lifelong pursuit.
Despite his busy life, he deliberately asked his family to transport wooden stakes from Hong Kong, kept practicing every day, and even organized a "China Kung Fu Team" at school to perform and train. Foreigners have never seen such a strange skill as kungfu, and the word "Kung Fu" spread rapidly through Bruce Lee only later.
Bruce Lee found that young people in the United States were obviously more interested in his kungfu skills, so he had a bold idea in his heart-opening a museum to teach. Those students and neighbors who are interested in Kung Fu became his first students. At first, there was no fixed place for Bruce Lee to teach, and he wandered around parks and parking lots.
▲ Bruce Lee and friends of different countries and colors.
Bruce Lee also made friends with teachers from all walks of life in the United States, including one of his best friends, taky kimura. This friend is 16 years older than Bruce Lee, and he insisted on visiting Bruce Lee’s grave until he was very old.
Lin Yanni once wrote in an article: "I think the best thing for him is that Japanese-American friend, who is very reliable.".
Taky kimura, with an unswerving temperament, helped Bruce Lee solve the problem of teaching venues. He used the open space behind his shop as a temporary "martial arts school".
At first, Bruce Lee took nothing, and it was entirely for the purpose of promoting China Kung Fu. Kimura recalled: "At that time, he taught us informally, and we suggested that he charge us tuition."
After several years of hard work, Bruce Lee became famous, and more and more people learned from him. In April, 1962, he established the first "Zhenfan National Art Museum" in a basement in Seattle’s Chinatown, and published the only complete book "Basic China Boxing" the following year.
In 1964, at the "International Karate Championship" held in Long Beach, California, USA, Bruce Lee was invited as a guest performer after Bruce Lee’s unforgettable friend and his disciple Yan Jinghai ran around in many ways.
At the opening ceremony, Bruce Lee’s performance was amazing. It was the first time that he showed the charm of China Kung Fu in front of an American audience through television. The organizer left this valuable video, and it was through this performance that the producer of Bruce Lee’s famous work The Green Hornet got to know Bruce Lee.
▲ "The Game of Death" stills: Bruce Lee and his disciple, NBA star Abdul-Jabbar, fought.
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While developing her career, Bruce Lee also met with love. In 1963, an American girl named linda emery walked into the martial arts school in Bruce Lee. A year later, she married Bruce Lee.
Bruce Lee has met countless beautiful women in his life, but Linda is his only ideal wife.
Bruce Lee relies heavily on Linda in his life. When he goes out, he needs his wife to prepare clothes for him. Sometimes when he wakes up in the middle of the night, his wife cooks noodles for him. Although he worked in a restaurant, Bruce Lee knew nothing about cooking, so he had to surrender in the face of cooking and cooking. Fortunately, Linda is a good wife. She not only cooks western-style food, but also specially learns Cantonese food for Bruce Lee.
At that time, Bruce Lee borrowed a ring to propose to Linda. In a hurry, she found that she didn’t even have a suit, so she hurried to rent one.
Under such difficult conditions, the two met and fell in love. After marriage, both husband and wife gave up their studies and went to California. A year later, their son Brandon Lee was born.
Brandon Lee studied martial arts with his father since he was a child. Eleven years after Bruce Lee’s death, he also embarked on the road of film. Unfortunately, however, Brandon Lee was shot and killed while filming The Crow in 1993. At that time, the prop gun that shot him should have shot a blank ammunition, but I don’t know who replaced it with a real bullet. This mystery remains unsolved.
After several years of marriage, Bruce Lee’s economic situation improved.
His "Zhenfan National Art Museum" has set up branches in Auckland, Los Angeles and other places. With the growing fame, many famous people in the film and television circles also come here, and the teaching fee in Bruce Lee naturally rises, rising to $250 per hour and $1,000 for 10 classes. In a letter to friends in Hong Kong, he said that he "has become the most expensive teacher in the United States in history".
In 1969, he confidently wrote on a note: "From 1970, I will win a worldwide reputation. By 1980, I will have a wealth of 15 million US dollars. At that time, my family and I will live a happy life. "
When Bruce Lee wrote this passage, he was not full of grandiloquence after his success, but a loud cry for the future hope when he worked hard.
Later, he really got his wish.
▲ "Jingwumen" stills.
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In 1965, Hollywood invited Bruce Lee, who made his debut in the TV series The Green Hornet, which was planned by 20th century Fox. The well-known image of the tough guy who killed the quartet in film and television works finally turned out.
Before Bruce Lee became famous, Chinese actors in Hollywood were discriminated against. Huang Liushuang, who became famous earlier than him, played many roles in movies, such as prostitutes and slaves, although she was once named on the Avenue of Stars. Western audiences recognized her acting skills, but never recognized her skin color, just like some Chinese humiliators now, they were biased against her.
When Bruce Lee was in Hollywood, he never wanted to play a negative role. What he wanted the audience to remember was China Kung Fu, which was the blood of Chinese men. After the launch of The Green Hornet, the popularity of the male No.2 he played once overtook that of first hero, and his kung fu was accepted by American audiences.
▲ Bruce Lee was interviewed in the United States to explain the philosophy of Kung Fu.
While Bruce Lee’s career was booming, in 1970, he encountered a major crisis in his life. When he bent down to do stretching exercises, his back was seriously injured because he didn’t warm up in advance.
The doctor told Bruce Lee that he might never walk normally again, and advised him to give up kung fu.
Bruce Lee refuses to accept. During his recovery, he never forgot to write a movie script while lying in bed, and pasted small notes with inspirational words all over the bathroom, door and wall.
After months of fighting against the disease, he miraculously recovered. As he often said to his wife:
The reason why people ask different questions is not what happens in our lives, but what kind of way we choose to respond when we face important situations in life that can test our courage.
The sky will drop to the people of Sri Lanka.
▲ "The Raptors Crossing the River" stills.
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"The Green Hornet" allowed Bruce Lee to display his fists and feet in film and television dramas, but Hollywood’s rejection of Chinese actors still bound him deeply.
Ambition can’t be realized, Bruce Lee began to look to Hongkong. That native land once gave him a love of kung fu, philosophy and movies.
James J.S.Wong, his old classmate, didn’t neglect his studies because of playing. Instead, he was admitted to the University of Hong Kong. In 1965, he began to work on film music, wrote his first song a few years later, and began to write his own column.
Another alumnus, Xu Guanwen, bid farewell to the hard life of childhood and joined TVB as a host after graduating from college. He and his younger brother Samuel Hui co-hosted the variety show "Double Star News", which set a record for the highest TV ratings in Hong Kong in 1971.
After Bruce Lee returned to Hongkong, she performed "Happy Tonight" on TVB, and the host was Xu Guanwen.
Hong Kong’s literary and artistic undertakings are developing vigorously, as predicted by Hong Kong’s Guangming Daily in the 1950s: "In the future, the cultural center of China will belong to Hong Kong for at least one period."
In 1971, Bruce Lee contacted Shaw Company, a wealthy company. Shaw’s offer for Bruce Lee is not generous, with only $2,000 per film and a long-term contract, just like ordinary actors.
However, Bruce Lee insisted that Shaw send scripts and related materials for reference, and then insisted that Shaw send someone to the United States to talk to him face to face, and the cooperation matters would be discussed separately.
Shaw had already learned that Bruce Lee’s development in Hollywood was not satisfactory, so he naturally put on airs and asked Bruce Lee to return to Hong Kong first.
Bruce Lee, who has always been proud, broke up with Shaw in a rage, so Shaw missed Bruce Lee.
Just then, Zou Wenhuai, Shaw’s right-hand man, left because he was dissatisfied with his salary and set up Jiahe Company.
While going to the United States to woo Pei-Pei Cheng, a married martial arts actress of Shaw, Jiahe sent someone to visit Bruce Lee. This is the first Hong Kong filmmaker who came all the way to the United States to warmly invite him. Bruce Lee was moved by his sincerity and the two sides hit it off.
In 1971, Bruce Lee returned to Hongkong and joined Jiahe.
"Tangshan Big Brother", which was filmed in those years, was the first film in Bruce Lee to play the leading role. It was released less than three weeks ago, and the box office reached HK$ 3.2 million, setting a box office record in Hong Kong.
At that time, Jiahe was fledgling and was repeatedly squeezed by Shaw. This "Tangshan Big Brother" not only made Bruce Lee famous, but also saved Jiahe.
The following year, Jingwumen and the Raptor Crossing the River were released one after another, breaking box office records. Among them, the Raptor Crossing the River earned HK$ 5.3 million in Hong Kong alone, which was the first film with a box office of over 5 million in Hong Kong’s history, and also broke several box office records in Southeast Asia.
Bruce Lee said: "I came to Hong Kong to show Jeet Kune Do from the movie."
Different from the old-fashioned posture of Hong Kong martial arts actors in the past, Bruce Lee strives to be true. In the film, he is hard-working and hard-working, and he has created a new type of kung fu film.
Bruce Lee is definitely a landmark figure and a well-deserved leader in the Hong Kong film industry. In his films, Ching-Ying Lam, Sammo Hung in Seven Little Happiness, Jackie Chan and other later big brother actors all ran a walk-on for him. Outside the film, Stephen Chow, the future "king of comedy", has been Bruce Lee’s younger brother since childhood, and many tributes to Bruce Lee can be seen in Stephen Chow’s films.
In 1972, Bruce Lee filmed enter the dragon and Game of Death, which paved the way for him to enter the international film industry. At this time, his films have already become famous overseas.
▲ A stills that Jackie Chan is proud of.
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When misfortune struck him, everything came to an abrupt end.
On the afternoon of May 10th, 1973, Bruce Lee suddenly fainted while dubbing the English version of enter the dragon, and was immediately taken to the hospital. The doctor’s diagnosis is: "There is nothing abnormal except the high urea value in the body."
It seems like a trivial matter, but it seems to be a wake-up call for Bruce Lee’s health. Since he returned to Hongkong to film, he has hardly had a rest.
On July 20th, Bruce Lee and Zou Wenhuai went to the actress Ding Pei’s home to discuss the script. Ding Pei is a famous porn star in Hong Kong. She has known Bruce Lee for more than a year and has an ambiguous relationship.
That night, Bruce Lee was in a coma in Ding Pei’s boudoir. After Ding Pei found out, he hurried to Zou Wenhuai. They were in a hurry and didn’t know what to do. After being examined by a private doctor in Ding Pei, they called an ambulance.
It’s too late. Bruce Lee had already lost his life, only 33 years old.
▲ Reports on Bruce Lee’s death.
At first, in order to preserve Bruce Lee’s reputation, both his family and Jiahe Company announced that Bruce Lee died in his own home. Later, due to the inconsistent details, it was questioned.
The paparazzi in Hong Kong have always been very powerful, and soon found the driving records of ambulances. The media just knew that the accident happened at Ding Pei’s home.
Until today, the cause of Bruce Lee’s death is still confusing. Ding Pei’s words and deeds are different. On the one hand, he said that he had already made his knowledge public, on the other hand, he was evasive. He also wrote a book with Bruce Lee as the protagonist, which was suspected of consuming the dead. Three years after Bruce Lee’s death, she married Xiang Huaqiang, a Hong Kong film and television mogul, and converted to Buddhism after divorce.
In 2014, in a talk show, Ding Pei said that she had schizophrenia, and many things were forgotten.
Bruce Lee’s death became a mystery.
Some people say that intensive physical training and invisible psychological pressure are destroying the rising kung fu superstar in Ran Ran; It is also said that Hong Kong gangs, martial arts circles, and even Americans and Japanese who were provoked by racial reasons sought revenge and assassinated Bruce Lee.
Countless guesses, after all, are inconclusive. At that time, after two months’ investigation, according to the comprehensive report and the opinions of experts at home and abroad, the Hong Kong court determined that the cause of death for Bruce Lee was just "death by misfortune".
▲ "enter the dragon" stills.
Bruce Lee’s death is like a meteor falling to the ground, but his life has come to an end, and people’s memories of him have not been erased. His chivalry in his bones and his influence in spreading China Kung Fu to all parts of the world are hard to surpass.
Superstars such as Jackie Chan, who was a walk-on in Bruce Lee movies, are long gone, and fans such as Stephen Chow, who are deeply influenced by Bruce Lee, have also made some achievements.
If Bruce Lee were still alive, he would have turned 80 this year. However, living in movies, he is always young.
An era is gone. Unfortunately, the masculinity brought by Bruce Lee to the Chinese film industry is gradually fading away, and the golden age of Hong Kong films is long gone.
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References:
Su Jing: Re-understanding Bruce Lee.
John Ritter: Bruce Lee: The Artist of Life.
Jiang Jiang: Biography of Bruce Lee.
Shi Yonggang and Liu Qiongxiong: Bruce Lee’s Painting.
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Original title: "China’s best superstar died in 1973"
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