On March 25th, the Hi4 version of Great Wall Motor Haval’s second-generation big dog was officially launched today, and a configuration of 102km Chaodian Plus was sold for 179,800 yuan.

The shape of the new car maintains the design of the existing Haval second-generation big dog, which is officially called "Tidal Wild Power Aesthetics", with a chrome-plated matrix grille and a large area of blackened front face to highlight its wildness. The side of the car body adopts retro tough shape, high body, muscular wheel eyebrows and rich waistline, and the visual effect is very eye-catching.

The approach angle of the car is 24, the departure angle is 30 and the longitudinal passing angle is 19. It is equipped with 540 scene image (360 panoramic image+180 transparent chassis)+wheel viewing angle. The official has not released the new car size information yet. As a reference, the PHEV version of Haval’s second-generation big dog has a body size of 4705mm/1908mm/1780mm and a wheelbase of 2810 mm.

The center console of the new car is equipped with a larger 12.3-inch full LCD instrument+14.6-inch central control color screen, supporting 9-inch W-HUD head-up display, and L2+level assisted driving, with a built-in high-speed NOH intelligent navigation assisted driving system.

In terms of power, the new car is equipped with Hi4 intelligent electric hybrid four-wheel drive system, with a comprehensive power of 278 kW and a comprehensive torque of 750 Nm. The comprehensive fuel consumption of WLTC is 1.83L per 100 kilometers, which supports 33kW fast charging. At the same time, the car supports 220V external discharge with a discharge power of 3.3kW.

The car’s intelligent four-wheel drive system is also equipped with iTVC intelligent torque vector control system, which provides seven driving modes including snow mode and mud mode. The official details of this model attached to IT House are as follows:

　　[Car Culture Car Life] Although it is nearly a year before the release on June 27th, 2014, the news about the upcoming models in Transformers 4 has already been flying all over the sky. Since Transformers king kong 2, it seems that looking forward to the car model in the next movie has become the "worry" of every movie fan and car fan. After careful counting, 10 car characters in Transformers 4 have been exposed on the Internet one after another. It’s time for them to come out of Xiu Xiu and show off the powerful lineup of autobots in Transformers 4.

◆The background story of Transformers:

　　Tens of millions of years ago, the pentahedron, an intelligent life in the universe, created Cybertron. On this planet, there are two production lines for making autobots. The autobots produced on these two production lines have no thoughts, no distinction between right and wrong, and their fighting ability is far below that of the pentahedron. It is for this reason that thousands of autobots have become slaves of the five-faced monster, living under its rule day and night, and the imprint left on them is the symbol of autobots.

　　11 million years ago, the autobots on Cybertron overthrew the rule of the five-faced monster under the leadership of Alpha Trion, but the more brutal killing has just begun. In order to compete for the dominance of Cybertron, military autobots and civilian autobots fought with their lives. Since then, the planet Cybertron has been shrouded in endless wars. It was not until Cybertron’s resources were exhausted that the Decepticons, led by Megatron, brought the war to the earth again. …

　　From Optimus Prime, Bumblebee, Megatron to Heng Pao, Tin Sheet and Shock Wave, the autobots on Cybertron have been fighting on the big screen of the earth people for more than six years, but the audience never seem to be tired of the "Transformers" series. Every film will bring fresh characters, the hottest cars at the moment and the overwhelming movie special effects. Without much words, let’s take a closer look at Transformers 4 and see this time.

◆Synopsis:

　　The story of Transformers 4 is followed by Transformers: Dark of the Moon. It has been four years since Chicago was destroyed. Autobots and Decepticons have disappeared from the earth’s surface, and everything seems to be calm.

　　However, at this time, a group of powerful businessmen and clever scientists tried to use the technology of Transformers to push human science and technology beyond their control. At the same time, an ancient and powerful transformer force is aiming at the earth, and a war about good and evil, freedom and slavery will start again.

◆Brief introduction of exposure models of Transformers 4;

　　At present, it has been confirmed that there are 10 models that will appear in Transformers 4, five of which have not revealed their true identities, but this does not affect our introduction of the vehicles themselves. If you think these vehicles are more suitable for the image of Transformers, please leave a message to communicate with us, and maybe the truth is in your hands.

●Autobots:

Character: Optimus Prime
Model: customized Daimler Western Star semi (Western Star Semitrailer)

　　As the leader of Autobots, Optimus Prime has long been the embodiment of justice in people’s minds. Not only that, Optimus Prime’s wisdom, judgment and leadership are also highlighted in the long-term battle with the Decepticons. In addition to sweeping the battlefield, Optimus Prime’s image of a blue-and-red autobot is also deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Not long ago, Optimus Prime’s image in Transformers 4 was exposed, and the corresponding vehicle information also surfaced.

　　In the film, the prototype of Optimus Prime, the leader of Autobots, is Western Star semi, which is one of the subsidiaries of Daimler Group in Germany. The company is located in Portland, Oregon, USA, and mainly produces and operates heavy trucks and semi-trailers.

　　As early as 1967, the predecessor of the "Western Star" company was established, then it was called White Western Star, and its factory was located in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Since then, the Western Star has undergone many changes and was acquired by an Australian businessman named Terry Peabody in 1990. However, the Western Star has gone from bad to worse in the next 10 years, until it was acquired by the North American department of Daimler Group in Germany in 2000. Since then, the Western Star factory has also moved to Portland, Oregon.

　　Western Star has four series of models, of which 4700 series is the basic model of the brand, while 6900 series is the largest heavy truck, which is mainly responsible for logging, mining and other infrastructure projects. At present, although we don’t know the specific model of Optimus Prime prototype, the iconic red and blue color scheme will not change. The huge chrome-plated vertical front grille on the front face is matched with six towering exhaust pipes in the front of the car. The image of Optimus Prime is full of domineering.

　　In addition, in order to meet the requirements of the role Optimus Prime in the play, the interior and power parts of this Western Star semi-trailer truck have all been customized, and how it performs in the film remains to be seen.

Character: bumblebee
Model: 1967 Chevrolet Camaro SS/ Chevrolet Camaro Concept Car

　　Judging from its appearance or ability, Bumblebee is definitely not an eye-catching role in the autobots’ family, but this big guy with a high-profile yellow coat and a silly smile is a household name, and has almost become the most popular autobot in the "Transformers" series. There are not only directors and screenwriters, but also the prototype Chevrolet Camaro SS of Bumblebee.

　　It is understood that in Transformers 4, the Bumblebee will continue to cross between the 1960s and the modern era, and the crew had to choose two prototypes for it. In 1967, the Chevrolet Camaro SS was full of retro flavor and muscular style, but the newly launched Camaro concept car was surprising.

　　This bumblebee was born in 1967. At that time, in order to seize the market with Ford Mustang, Chevrolet specially created such a Chevrolet Camaro. The retro Camaro is no longer painted in yellow, and the color scheme based on black and gray highlights the sense of strength of the first generation Camaro SS. The wide black front grille on the front of the car is full of wildness. If you don’t look carefully, you will even think that this car is not equipped with headlights. Not only that, this Chevrolet Camaro SS also adopts an exaggerated wide-body design, with a muscular body and wide tires. This 1967 Chevrolet Camaro SS is not only retro, but also very domineering.

　　In terms of power, the first generation Chevrolet Camaro has 3.8L and 4.1L six-cylinder engines and 4.9L, 5.0L, 5.4L, 5.7L, 6.5L and 7.0L V8 engines to choose from. The Camaro SS is equipped with 5.7L and 6.5L V8 engines, and its maximum output power is 299 HP, 330 HP, 355 HP and 380 HP respectively.

　　Corresponding to this is the latest concept version of Chevrolet Camaro. I believe that everyone has seen this "lazy" shape more than once. It is not so ugly as it seems a little uncoordinated, just like Schwarzenegger’s body with Justin Bieber’s face. Is it a handsome man or a macho man? Maybe I won’t know until I have seen Change of Heart 4.

Person: Inspector (Hound)
Model: Oshkosh defense military tactical armored vehicle

　　This autobot named Inspector will make his debut in Transformers 4. In fact, as early as 1984, Inspector appeared in the first Transformers cartoon as a 4×4 military jeep. At that time, Inspector was the shortest among many autobots. But don’t underestimate this military jeep. At that time, it had a missile launcher, a light machine gun and a heavy machine gun with holographic images.

　　The detective in the cartoon has a strong tracking ability. He loves the earth and secretly hopes that he will become a human being and stay away from the war between autobots. The detective in the movie Transformers 4 has obviously become a lot taller and more powerful, and his character and fighting ability in the play are undoubtedly the focus of attention.

　　The prototype of Inspector Hound, who will make his debut in the movie Transformers 4, is Oshkosh defense medium tactical vehicles. The mention of Oshkosh Company dates back to nearly a century ago. In 1917, Oshkosh Industrial Company, which is responsible for the production and construction of truck vehicles and bodies, was established in the United States. Today, this company, which has experienced nearly a century of development and changes, has a total of 12,300 employees all over the country. Its main business is divided into vehicle sales, production equipment sales, national defense supply and fire-fighting and emergency vehicle production.

　　The car in the play belongs to the company’s medium-sized military armored vehicle, which is specially supplied to the army. Although it is not huge, its shape is still fierce. The wide front with heavy all-terrain tires makes it work normally even under bad conditions, and its camouflage painting can better show its identity as a military armored vehicle.

　　Judging from the picture, this car should be a 6×6 extended technical armored vehicle, with a maximum payload of 4500kg, a maximum traction load of 9500kg and a maximum output power of 340 HP, using an automatic gearbox. It is worth mentioning that in order to enhance the dynamic performance of vehicles, a special fuel called JP-8 is widely used in the US military, and its performance is similar to that of jet propellant. According to insiders’ prediction, the US military will not phase out this aviation fuel before 2025.

Predictor: Ultra Magnus.
Model: 2014 Folena Argosy heavy truck tractor.

　　As the successor of the autobot leader Optimus Prime, ultra magnus has incredible fighting capacity, courage and unparalleled battlefield talent, and is a well-deserved autobot leader after Optimus Prime.

　　Ultra magnus himself, however, doesn’t think so. He thinks from the bottom of his heart that he is just a follower, not a commander. He thinks that only executing orders is his most handy thing. Although ultra magnus is very modest and low-key, he still shares some leadership work for Optimus Prime, and fairness, courage and determination are his leadership ideas.

　　It is possible to appear as ultra magnus in Transformers 4. Agassi heavy truck produced by Folena Company. Folena Company was founded in 1942, and its main business is to produce and sell heavy trucks and semi-trailers. At present, it is also a subsidiary of Daimler Group, which is its North American branch.

　　Agassi series heavy trucks were born around 2000, which was a famous fist product of Folena company in that year. However, due to some unknown reasons, the sales of this heavy truck have been suspended in North America. At present, we can only see real cars in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand markets.

　　At present, the 2014 Folena Agassi truck is still in the concept stage. From its sharp front face, it can be seen that there is some connection between it and the autobots. The three-point blue light source above the front windshield is very similar to the detection radar, and the color matching of black and gray in the middle and lower part of the front also reveals a strong mechanical style. In addition, the sharp headlights on this car are quite similar to the half-squinted eyes of autobots.

Character: Leadfoot
Forecast model: Chevrolet Impala Nascar racing car
Note: This model is exposed by some foreign media and has not been officially confirmed.

　　In 1994, the role of Leadfoot was first introduced into Transformers comics, in which it belonged to the autobots camp. There is no doubt that its most commendable place is these feet. In the robot state, it can move at a high speed of nearly 290 kilometers per hour, and in the car state, its moving speed is even higher. Not only that, it also has powerful radar artillery, and even the Decepticons with the strongest fighting ability are afraid of his three points.

　　The prototype car that will play the role of Shenxing Taibao in the film Transformers 4 is the Chevrolet Impala Nascar. The Chevrolet Antelope series was born in 1958, and has been launched for ten generations now, but its development process is not as smooth as it seems. After 1985, the Antelope went through a production stoppage for nearly ten years, and finally resumed production in 1994, and got back on the right track.

　　It is understood that the prototype of Shenxing Taibao in Transformers 4 will still be the Chevrolet Impala version of Nascar racing car. The wide body and excellent aerodynamic design make it extremely stable at high speed. In order to adapt to the competition environment, the car has also redesigned the chassis suspension and braking system, and the rear spoiler is fixed at 70 degrees upwards.

　　In order to fit its autobot image in the film, it adds various combat equipment such as machine guns and heavy artillery on the basis of cool painting, and adds exaggerated wide-body encirclement and various mechanical devices around the car body, making the whole car look like an alien visitor. I don’t know if there will be more scenes in the regrouped Shenxing Taibao than in transformers 3.

●Unknown role:

Lamborghini Aventador LP 700-4

　　Aventador LP 700-4, which debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in 2011, borrowed a lot from Reventon’s design ideas and changed the simple and bright design language of Lamborghini flagship sports cars such as Diablo and Murcielago. The LP 700-4 adopts a large number of polygonal designs, and the flat and low body makes it full of strength. The large air intake in front of the car seems to swallow everything, and the introduction of Y-shaped daytime running lights makes it highly recognizable. Different from those "predecessors", the scissor door of LP 700-4 does not open vertically, but tilts slightly outward, which makes it more convenient for passengers to get in and out.

　　Lamborghini Aventador LP 700-4 adopts a monolithic cockpit made of all-carbon fiber composite material. The chassis is also made of carbon fiber and the frame is made of aluminum alloy. Aventador LP 700-4 adopts horizontal suspension with front and rear transverse pushrods. This suspension type first appeared on Lamborghini mass-produced sports cars, so the suspension structure and the involvement of a large number of electronic auxiliary equipment make LP 700-4 extremely "docile". The LP 700-4 front wheel is also equipped with a hydraulic suspension lifting system, which can raise the front of the vehicle by 40mm to improve its practicability.

　　Lamborghini Adventor LP 700-4 is equipped with a naturally aspirated V12 engine with a displacement of 6.5 liters, with a maximum power of 700 HP (515 kW)/8,250 rpm and a maximum torque of 690 N m/5,500 rpm. The engine is matched with a 7-speed ISR gearbox (upgraded version of E-Gear gearbox), and the top speed of LP 700-4 can reach 350 km/h. In addition, multi-cylinder closing technology has also been applied to LP 700-4. In economy mode, the V12 engine will close six cylinders in order to achieve higher economy.

2014 Chevrolet Corvette C7 Stingray

　　The Chevrolet Corvette C7 Stingray released in north american auto show in 2013 is the 7th generation model of this car series. The first generation Corvette was born in 1953, which has been baptized for 60 years. At the same time, it is the first time that Stingray’s name has returned to the Corvette model after 1976.

　　The design of Corvette C7 Stingray is very dynamic, and the slender hood is covered with rich lines, which makes it look very muscular. Xenon lamps and LED daytime running lights first appeared on Corvette. The five-spoke double-ribbed rim, the L-shaped air inlet on the side and the exhaust tailpipe with four outlets in the middle show a fierce side. According to different configurations, the new car has 18-20 inches of various rims to choose from.

　　In addition, the car also uses an aluminum frame body, which reduces the weight of the car body by 45kg and improves the strength of the car body by 57%. At the same time, the application of carbon fiber engine cover and Double bubble removable roof has further reduced the weight of this car by 17kg. The car continues the design of the previous generation, using front and rear double wishbone suspension, and the elastic element of shock absorber is leaf spring. According to the official, the new generation of Corvette Stingray has been lightweight and upgraded in every component, and the front and rear weight ratio has been controlled to 50:50.

　　In terms of power, it is equipped with a 6.2-liter V8 naturally aspirated engine with recalibrated code LT1. This engine has in-cylinder direct injection and continuously variable valve timing technology. The maximum power output is 456 HP (335kW)/6500rpm, and the peak torque is 610 N m/1000-4500 rpm. The engine is matched with a 7-speed manual transmission and a 6-speed automatic transmission. Its 0-100km/h acceleration time is 4.2 seconds, and its top speed is 306 km/h.

Bugatti Grand Sport Vitesse

　　At the 2012 Geneva Motor Show, Bugatti released Weihang Grand Sport Vitesse. The car was developed based on the Grand Sport convertible model. In terms of appearance, the design of the Grand Sport Vitesse comes from the top performance version of Bugatti Weihang Super Sport, and the aerodynamic kits around the car body will provide better high-speed stability for the Grand Sport Vitesse. This also makes it the strongest and largest supercar in history.

　　The design of the side of the car body gives more consideration to aerodynamic factors. The rounded and full lines make the air resistance of the whole car more excellent, especially the air intake design above the seat and at the back of the door, which is completely to meet the strong suction demand of this W16 mid-engine. Moreover, in order to satisfy the appetite of this big guy, Bugatti’s designer also equipped it with a 100-liter large fuel tank. Even so, you can’t do whatever you want, because the whole tank of Bugatti Vitesse oil can only keep the engine working for 12 minutes at its extreme speed. Imagine how disappointing it would be if the engine turned off while enjoying the passion brought by extreme speed.

　　In terms of power, Weihang Grand Sport Vitesse is equipped with the same 8.0L W16 four-turbo engine as Weihang Super Sport, with a maximum power of 1,200 HP (882 kW)/6,400 rpm and a maximum torque of 1,500 N m/3,000-5,000 rpm. The engine is matched with a 7-speed dual-clutch gearbox. 0-100km/h acceleration takes 2.5 seconds, 0-200km/h acceleration takes only 7.3 seconds, and the top speed can reach 410 km/h.

Pagani Huayra

　　At the 2011 Geneva Motor Show, pagani released the Huayra supercar, which was introduced to replace the Zonda model in pagani. Huayra means "Fengshen" in Spanish, and it is another car whose name is attached to the wind after Zonda.

　　Pagani Huayra continues Zonda’s style, which is streamlined as a whole. The front face is designed as a wedge-shaped nose, and the compartment is partially water-drop-shaped. The doors are opened by gull-wing doors, and the body is made of a large number of carbon fiber materials. Pagani Huayra has a body size of 4605mm×2036mm×1169mm and a wheelbase of 2795 mm. The power transmission system adopts the layout of central rear drive.

　　Compared with Zonda, Huayra’s interior space is more spacious, which improves the ride comfort. For the interior, Huayra uses different colors of leather, aluminum and carbon fiber to arrange the interior space. In terms of power, Huayra in pagani is equipped with a 6.0L twin-turbo engine from the high-performance department of Mercedes-Benz AMG, with a maximum output of 730 HP, a maximum torque of 1000N·m, an acceleration time of 3.3 seconds at 0-60mph(0-97km/h) and a top speed of 370km/h, which is matched with an AMT sequential gearbox with seven gears.

Chevrolet Sonic RS (aiweiou RS)

　　At the Detroit Auto Show in 2012, Chevrolet released the Sonic RS (domestic Sonic is Aiwei Europe) model. Chevrolet Sonic was born in GM’s latest small car platform, which is a fashionable sports hatchback specially built for young people, while the high-performance version of Sonic RS is an out-and-out small steel gun model.

　　Compared with the ordinary Sonic model, Sonic RS has undergone some upgrades in appearance and interior. The redesigned bumper and fog lights appear on the car, the RS logo on the car body indicates the identity, and the 17-inch wheels are full of movement. In terms of interior, Chevrolet Sonic RS adopts a competitive interior design, including a sports steering wheel with a flat bottom design, a sports seat and an aluminum sports pedal.

　　In terms of power, Chevrolet Sonic RS uses a 1.4-liter Ecotec turbocharged engine with a maximum power output of 138 HP and a peak torque of 200 N m. The transmission system is equipped with a 6-speed manual transmission. Judging from the exposed stills, the Sonic RS appearing in Transformers 4 will be a rally car version, and its shape will be sharper.

Summary:

　　For movies with powerful computer stunts and fierce fighting scenes such as Transformers, the story itself doesn’t seem so important. A dazzling luxury car, beautiful women and wonderful fighting scenes can bring big sales at the box office. Even though people have labeled them "popcorn movies", the "Transformers" crew has spared no effort to introduce and redesign the image of autobots. However, whether these "big names" in the automobile circle can be bought by cinema audiences will not be known until the release of "Transformers 4". (Text/Figure car home Chen Lei)

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> > Click on car home Culture Team to enter the interesting world of automobiles < <

　　On September 3rd, 2016, Ducati China released its brand-new entry-level sports car, Ducati 959 Panigale. This is a brand-new model, which is used to replace ducati 899 Panigale which was sold in China before. The price of Ducati 959 Panigale is 178,000 RMB, setting a new low for Ducati Superbike.

　

　　Ducati called the 959 Panigale a Supermid model sports car. It is not only the product of the simple cylinder expansion of the 899 Panigale, but also a thorough magic change of the Superquadro L twin-cylinder engine carried by the 899 Panigale. Among them, the crankshaft and valves are redesigned, and the crankcase uses the same vacuum die casting technology as 1299 Panigale, which makes the lightweight and durability of the whole vehicle reach a new height.

　　Before listing, some netizens were discussing whether the 959 Panigale will adopt the same concealed exhaust design as the American version after it is introduced into China, but after seeing the real car today, it can be confirmed that the 959 Panigale introduced into China will adopt the same standard as the European version and adopt side exhaust, which will be a big blow to friends who only look at the appearance.

　　Ducati 959 Panigale is equipped with a Super Quadro L twin-cylinder engine with a displacement of 955 cc. The maximum power is 115kW(156Ps)/10500rpm, and the maximum torque is 107.4Nm/9000rpm, which is a great improvement compared with 899 Panigale. SHOWA (Showa) and SACHS (Sachs) brand shock absorbers will all appear on the 959 Panigale as standard configuration, and the electronic auxiliary equipment has not been castrated.

　　Summary: 959 Panigale was born at the end of 2015 and introduced to China in the second half of this year. It can be seen that China, Ducati attaches great importance to the domestic high-end motorcycle market. The super middleweight model is matched with a surprise price of 178,000 yuan, which is enough for the 959 Panigale to play the medium weight, and it is in a very favorable position in the sports car market. Finally, it is certain that Ducati 959 Panigale will be the most powerful sports car that can be bought within 180,000 yuan.

The Central Radio and Television General Station participated in the 31st China News Award.

Publicity of news papers and works

　 　 　 On May 10th, the selection meeting of news papers for the 31st China Prize for Journalism was held. After discussion, evaluation and voting, three papers were selected from 14 candidate papers to participate in the selection of news papers in the 31st China Prize for Journalism. The participating works are now publicized.

　 　 　 According to the "China News Award Selection Method": the works to be recommended will be publicized on the public news website for at least 5 working days, and the publicity period for the news papers of the China News Award will be from May 17 to May 21, 2021. All departments are requested to inform the personnel of their own departments of the publicity contents in a timely manner. Departments or individuals can put forward written opinions to the Academic Liaison Department of the Innovation and Development Research Center for the problems existing in the publicity works, and will not accept them after the deadline.

　 　 　 Tel: 85057327, 85057328, 85057329, 85057330; E-mail: xsllb@cnr.cn.

Central radio and television main station

Innovation and development research center

May 17, 2021

Table of Contents of News Papers Participating in the 31st (2020) China Prize for Journalism.

Submitted amount of 3 articles

　　CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a yellow rainstorm warning at 06: 00 on September 12. It is estimated that there will be heavy rainstorms in central and eastern Chongqing, northeastern Guizhou, southeastern Henan, southwestern and eastern Hubei, western Hunan, central Anhui, central Jiangsu, northwestern Jiangxi, northwestern and southern Yunnan, southwestern Guangxi, southwestern coast of Guangdong, and northern Hainan Island from 08: 00 on September 12 to 08: 00 on September 13. Among them, southeastern Chongqing, central Anhui, and northern Hainan Island. The maximum hourly rainfall in the above areas is 30 ~ 50 mm, and the local area can exceed 70 mm. There are also strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds.

　　Defense guide:

　　1, the government and relevant departments in accordance with their duties to do a good job of rainstorm prevention;

　　2. The traffic management department shall take traffic control measures in heavy rainfall sections according to the road conditions, and implement traffic guidance in waterlogged sections;

　　3, cut off the dangerous outdoor power supply in low-lying areas, suspend outdoor work in open places, and transfer people in dangerous areas and residents of dangerous houses to safe places to shelter from the rain;

　　4, check the city, farmland, fish pond drainage system, take the necessary drainage measures.

Original Cell Press CellPress cell science

life sciences

Life science

Fibroblasts are diverse interstitial cells, which create signal niches by producing complex extracellular matrix and biophysical and biochemical clues, and participate in tissue balance and diseases. Fibroblasts have diverse lineages and a wide range of uses, but our understanding of these cells, which fill a considerable part of the human body, is still not comprehensive. Next, let’s understand the mysterious and fascinating fibroblasts from four aspects and embark on a human journey across time and space.

Definition of fibroblast

The term "fibroblast" refers to the following kinds of cells: (1) cells that secrete many macromolecules with the same structure and signal as the extracellular space of tissues; (2) Adopting the phenotype of myofibroblasts that contract instantaneously when dealing with tissue injury; (3) signal niche cells as resident stem cells; (4) As the progenitor cells of specialized differentiated interstitial cells, they are sometimes called mesenchymal stem cells (Lemos and Duffield, 2018; Pittenger et al. , 1999, 2019）。

Fibroblasts create and maintain anatomically diverse connective tissue rich in extracellular matrix (ECM) to support a wide range of basic organ functions, such as resisting blunt and sharp skin injuries, stretching and elastic retraction in the organ range of lung, etc. In addition to producing connective tissue, fibroblasts serve as the progenitor cells of specialized interstitial cell types during embryonic development, adult homeostasis, injury, repair and remodeling, such as osteoblasts forming bones or fat cells filled with lipids.

The origin and development of fibroblasts

In 1858, German pathologist Rudolf Virchow first described fibroblasts as a unique cell type, which he called "Spindelzellen des Bindegewebes"-"Spindle cells of connective tissue" (Virchow, 1858；; Fig. 2A). Ernst Ziegler first put forward the term "fibroblast" to describe cells that produce new connective tissue after healing (Ziegler, 1895；; Fig. 2B), this observation was replicated by Santiago Ramón y Cajal, who observed that "célula fusiforme" or "fibro-células" are important producers of granulation tissue in skin wound healing and scar (Cajal, 1986；; Fig. 2C). The appearance of in vitro technology developed in the 1900 s promoted the research of fibroblasts. These methods allow primary fibroblasts from embryonic chicken heart explants to be cultured, and these cells can easily propagate before other cell types after passage (Burrows and Neymann, 1917; Carrel, 1912; Ebeling, 1913; Hogue, 1919； Fig. 2D). More than 50 years later, 3T3 fibroblast cell line from mouse embryo was established (Todaro and Green, 1963; Todaro and others,1964) further promoted our understanding of the biological and genealogical potential of fibroblasts. These findings include the identification of fibroblast growth factor (FGFS) (Gospodarovicz, 1974); Multi-line differentiation of cultured fibroblasts into bone, cartilage and fat cells (Junker et al., 2010); And the key role of fibroblasts in the production, remodeling and contraction of ECM.

Although there are a lot of studies on fibroblasts in vitro, the in vivo correlation of these cells is still unclear, and the real characteristics of fibroblasts and their pedigree potential in the in vivo primary environment have only recently been deeply explored. New evidence shows that fibroblasts have promoted major changes in the tumor-related environment, which has been widely reviewed elsewhere (Sahai et al., 2020).

Organ specificity of fibroblasts

The existence of tissue-specific fibroblast function and lineage can support the development, homeostasis and repair needs of specific organs. During embryonic development, multiple cell lines coalesce to form fibroblasts, which are filled with organs from all three somatic germ layers, such as skin and breast derived from ectoderm, skeletal muscle or myocardium derived from mesoderm, and lungs derived from endoderm. When fibroblasts proliferate in specific organs, they will produce unique microstructure, biophysical and biochemical components of connective tissue.

In organs rich in epithelial cells (for example, skin and lungs), fibroblasts in the skin produce a mechanically elastic, viscous and elastic structural foundation, which supports the epithelial cells of the outward layered epidermis and its many appendages, mainly hair follicles and sweat glands. Fibroblasts and other mesenchymal cell lines in the skin have established three anatomically different layers: papillary dermis, reticular dermis and dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) (Figure 5A). Skin epithelial cells are derived from ectoderm, which has a unique level of connectivetissue. In contrast, lung epithelium originated from endoderm, forming a highly branched tree and eventually forming an inflatable sac called alveoli. The gas exchange function of lung depends on the close physical connection between alveolar epithelium and extensive capillary network, and on the repeated and rapid expansion and contraction ability of lung. These functions require the reticular ECM of the lung, which has the best viscoelasticity, but is strong enough to withstand the change of air pressure and prevent alveolar rupture and potentially fatal air pressure trauma. With the maturity of the lung, the lung mesenchymal progenitor cells assume different spatial positions and functions, including smooth muscle cells around bronchi and blood vessels, pericytes, numerous interstitial fibroblasts, adipocytes supporting lung cells and mesothelial cells of visceral pleura (Peng et al., 2013; Fig. 5B).

In interstitial organs (such as skeletal muscle and heart), unlike skin and lung, skeletal muscle has no epithelial structure, but is composed of large, highly differentiated and multinucleated muscle fibers arranged in parallel, and its main function is to generate strength through contraction. The connective tissue in muscle has a complex layered tissue. Its innermost layer is called endocardium, which surrounds a single muscle fiber and contains a special basement membrane rich in laminin and collagen IV. Laminin acts through its transmembrane receptor, helping the mechanical force to be transmitted from the intracellular contraction device to the inner muscle layer rich in collagen I and III (Chapman et al., 2016). Muscle fiber group is called bundle, surrounded by perimuscular layer, which forms a continuum with tendon, and is rich in so-called perimuscular layer "cable", that is, thick connective tissue bundle mainly composed of closely arranged type I and type III collagen III fibers. Finally, the whole muscle is wrapped by the connective tissue layer of the adventitia (Chapman et al., 2016). Myocardium is an anatomically and physiologically complex contractile organ. Its main cell group, cardiomyocytes, are connected with each other, and an electrically coupled tissue is formed through the sandwich disc that constitutes its middle layer, which is called myocardium. The heart is also rich in fibroblasts, which produce and reshape a powerful ECM network, which is very important for conductivity and heartbeat rhythm. In addition to myocardium, fibroblasts also exist in the outermost epicardium, which contains specialized adipose tissue, and the innermost endocardium, with a layer of endothelial cells at its edge.Unlike most other organs’ fibroblasts, which originated from mesenchymal progenitor cells through gradual standardization, most cardiac fibroblasts are formed through EMT, and fibroblasts located in interventricular septum and right ventricle are products of EndMT (Gittenberger-de Groot et al., 1998; Fig. 5D).

Application of fibroblasts in diseases

At present, the approved anti-fibrosis therapy is aimed at the activation of fibroblasts in established diseases and cannot restore the structure and function of diseased tissues. Therefore, developing strategies to promote the repair of damaged tissues will greatly promote the development of this field.

Although the plasticity of fibroblasts may be problematic in the context of fibrotic diseases, it also provides opportunities for regenerative intervention. Recently, this understanding has promoted the development of in-situ reprogramming into fibroblasts by molecular strategy to restore tissue anatomy and function (including direct reprogramming). In skin wounds, the innate ability of fibroblasts to support hair follicle regeneration can be induced by transcription reprogramming.

Examples have proved that the principle of therapeutic reprogramming of fibroblasts in vivo can be realized in liver and heart, such as transferring transcription factors such as Foxa3, Gata4, Hnf1a and Hnf4a to myofibroblasts in liver through viruses, reprogramming them into hepatocyte-like cells, and reducing the signs of liver fibrosis in mouse models (Rezvani et al., 2016; Song et al., 2016). The above examples clearly emphasize the therapeutic potential of reprogramming tissue-resident fibroblasts directly into "working" cells, and suggest it as a new scar replacement strategy. However, there are still several important problems to be solved, including the efficiency of reprogramming factor delivery using non-integrated vectors and high fibroblast specificity (if not exclusiveness), in order to transform this attractive method into safe clinical application.

Conclusion and prospect

In the past decades, our understanding of fibroblast biology under different organs and conditions has made remarkable progress. New methods and techniques have made this field develop from phenotypic study of cultured cells more than a century ago to complex genetic and functional observation in vivo. These advances reveal that fibroblasts from different organs (such as skin, lung, heart and skeletal muscle) have unexpected similarities and unique characteristics, so they are currently used to treat human diseases.

While great progress has been made, many problems and opportunities still exist. For example, the ongoing efforts to adopt single-cell omics and space genomics technologies will provide key insights into the heterogeneity of fibroblasts within and between tissues, and their ability to assume multiple functional States for physiological or disease triggers. With our understanding of the basic function of fibroblasts far beyond the scope of ECM synthesis, in-situ regulation of fibroblasts can bring new therapeutic possibilities for a wide range of diseases characterized by aging, pathological remodeling and tissue fibrosis. New research fields, including cross-regulation between wound fibroblasts, immune cells and peripheral nervous system, are very important for understanding how to restore tissues to their pre-injury state. Finally, effective clinical transformation will require rigorous verification in local human tissues and human-like models, such as organotypic cultures, xenotransplantation and organs derived from pluripotent cells. These advances will make it possible to prevent, treat and even reverse fibrosis through proper and controlled repair.

Related paper information

The original paper was published in Cell, a periodical of CellPress Cell Press. Click "Read the original" to view the paper.

▌ Paper title:

Fibroblasts: Origins, definitions, and functions in health and disease

▌ Website of the paper:

https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(21)00792-3

▌DOI：

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.024

Read the original text

It’s a medium-sized model. I wonder how much you know about it. Let’s take a look at its performance.

First of all, from the appearance, the shape of the head of Haval’s second-generation big dog looks very round and sporty. Headlights are concise, and many interesting details can be seen from them. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Come to the car side, the car body size is 4705MM*1908MM*1780MM, the car uses simple lines, the car body looks very simple, with large-sized thick-walled tires, it looks full of sports. In the design of the rear end, the overall shape of the rear end of Haval’s second-generation big dog echoes the front end, the taillights are very round, and the unique exhaust pipe creates a good gas field.

Sitting in the car, the interior looks very fashionable and simple, and the overall design is very cold. The steering wheel of this car is very comfortable, and it is equipped with the functions of manual steering wheel up and down+front and rear adjustment, steering wheel heating, etc., which gives people a bright feeling. Let’s take a look at the central control. The car is equipped with a touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and looks sporty. Let Xiaobian introduce the dashboard and seats. The car is equipped with a cool dashboard, which is very eye-catching. The car adopts imitation leather seats, which are wide and thick and comfortable.

Haval second-generation big dog is matched with wet dual clutch (DCT) gearbox, with maximum power of 175KW and maximum torque of 385N.m, with good power performance.

Next, look at the configuration. The Haval second-generation big dog is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, Bluetooth key, rear wiper, engine start and stop and other configurations.

OK！ Next, let’s sum up. The model class introduced today is the most considered class when many people buy their first car, mainly because the size of this class is moderate and the price is reasonable.

　　[Pacific Automobile] On September 28, the EZ-6 officially started pre-sale. The new car launched a total of 7 configuration models, with a pre-sale price range of 16-200,000 yuan. As the first model jointly developed with Changan EPA platform, the EZ-6 is based on the Changan EPA platform. It is positioned as a medium-sized car and provides extended range and pure electric options. The pure electric version has a maximum range of 600km, while the extended version has a comprehensive range of over 1300km. In addition, (|) will be officially launched on October 26, and it is expected to be delivered within 9-11 weeks after locking the order.

　　At the same time as the pre-sale of the new car, a wealth of reservation benefits is also launched, and the first 10,000 users can enjoy 3 repurchase benefits:

　　1. Order the Zhiya version model with a limited-time upgrade worth 15,000 yuan, including: 14 high-performance speakers, adaptive suspended electric tail, 50-inch high definition AR-HUD, Michelin e · Lingyue tires;

　　2. Order the Zhizun version model to upgrade the main and auxiliary zero-gravity seats worth 10,000 yuan for a limited time, with 120-degree cloud suspension adjustment and 8 massage modes;

　　3. Pre-sale plus gifts: unlimited traffic of the car and machine, and you can also get a 1:18 smart audio car model and a panoramic canopy.

pure electric version

Extended Range Edition

　　In terms of appearance, the Mazda EZ-6 continues the Mazda family’s Soul design concept. The iconic front grille shape is highly recognizable. Among them, the pure electric model uses a closed front grille, while the extended range model uses an open front grille. From the visual effect, the difference is not obvious. On both sides are slender and sharp headlight groups, which adopt a split structure, and the main light source is hidden under the daytime running lights. In addition, the light strip around the front grille, together with the light sources on both sides that look like feathers, together form an LED light group called Wings of Light, and the Mazda LOGO in the middle also has a luminous function, further highlighting the identity of the new energy vehicle.

　　On the side of the body, the new car adopts the coupe style, equipped with hidden door handles and borderless doors, and comes standard with 19-inch wheels, with a full and smooth waist line, simple and vivid curved surface, forming a new visual sensory enjoyment. However, due to the addition of batteries, the height of the Mazda EZ-6 body and the visual heaviness of the side of the car have increased.

　　The rear of the car adopts the current electric vehicle’s popular through-flow grille headlights, while the through-type taillights add four round gun downlights on both sides to fully reflect Mazda’s characteristics. The taillights complement the built-in deformable electric tail, presenting a simple and beautiful tail design.

　　In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the Mazda EZ-6 are 4921/1890/1485mm and 2895mm respectively, which is equivalent to the Seal 07 DM-i as a whole. In terms of exterior color scheme, the Mazda EZ-6 offers a total of 8 paint options, including streamer gold, moon gray, crystal soul red, platinum steel gray, polar gray, crystal diamond blue, pearl white and polar night black.

　　In terms of interior design, the Mazda EZ-6 adopts a relatively simple design concept, which is quite different from other fuel-powered models in the family. It is equipped with a 14.6-inch suspended hollow screen, a 10.1-inch full LCD instrument, and a 50-inch AR-HUD head-up display. It is also equipped with a double-spoke flat-bottomed and white gear shift, providing a strong overall technological atmosphere.

　　In addition, the interior of the new car is also wrapped in a lot of leather, and even the high-end models are equipped with NAPPA leather and suede high-end fabrics, with exquisite matte chrome-plated trims, which enhances the sense of luxury in the car. In terms of configuration, the car is equipped with a 14-speaker Sony sound system, 50W mobile phone wireless charging, 64-color ambient lights, front zero-gravity seats, heating, and the cabin also supports 13 scene mode switching, panoramic canopy, and trend.

　　In terms of smart cockpit, Mazda EZ-6 is equipped with the third-generation Snapdragon digital cockpit (8155 chip), which integrates the control of air conditioning, seats, entertainment and other functions, supports application store, analog sound wave, 3D holographic face non-sensory recognition login, four-region automatic speech recognition control, full scene visibility can be said, mobile APP remote control and CarPlay/HUAWEI HiCar mobile phone interconnection and other functions.

　　In terms of smart driving, Mazda EZ-6 is equipped with L2.5 smart parking assistance system, equipped with 5 megapixel high definition cameras, 5 millimeter wave radars, 12 ultrasonic radars and other smart driving hardware, providing such as automatic following, lane centering, smart offset, lever lane change, intelligent speed limit and other driving assistance. At the same time, it has APA in-car parking assistance, RPA remote control parking assistance, RSIO remote control entry and exit assistance, RMA remote intelligent parking, RADS tracking and reversing assistance 5 major functions, which can identify more than 150 different types of parking spaces (support vertical, horizontal, oblique, no parking line parking spaces).

　　In terms of power, Mazda EZ-6 is based on the Changan EPA platform, providing range extension and pure electric options. Among them, the extended version is equipped with a 1.5-liter four-cylinder range extender, 70 kW, driving 160 kW, and the feed fuel consumption is as low as 5.3/100 km. In terms of battery life, the battery pack with a capacity of 18.99 kWh and 28.4 kWh corresponds to the CLTC pure electric cruising range of 130 kilometers and 200 kilometers, and the comprehensive cruising range is 1300 kilometers.

　　The pure electric version of the model adopts a single-motor rear-drive layout, with a maximum drive motor of 190 kW and a peak torque of 320 Nm, both of which are 170km/h. In terms of battery life, battery packs with a capacity of 56.1 kWh and 68.8 kWh are available, and the corresponding CLTC pure electric cruising range is 480 kilometers and 600 kilometers respectively. In addition, the new car’s Weiji battery has 3C ultra-fast charging cells and CTP integration technology, which can complete 30% to 80% power replenishment in 15 minutes.

　　In terms of chassis, the Mazda EZ-6 adopts the form of a front-rear H-arm multi-link independent suspension, and adopts a 50:50 front and rear axle balanced counterweight structure, which can better control the vehicle’s dynamics and attitude, and provide clearer and more accurate road feeling feedback. At the same time, by increasing the steering force and damping in the central area, the driver’s sense of precise control of the vehicle is improved

BYD SEAL 07 DM-i official price range is: 13.98-19 5,800 yuan

FAW Toyota bZ3 official price range: 16.98-19 9,800 yuan

　　From the current market situation, Mazda EZ-6 Extended Range Edition models will compete with BYD Seal 07 DM-i, Lynk & Co 07 EM-P, and Toyota models in the future; while its pure electric models will face Toyota bZ3, 7 VIZZION, Geely Galaxy E8 and other models, currently in a relatively competitive market segment.

　　In comparison, Mazda, as an internationally renowned automobile brand, has a good brand appeal and a broad mass base. Coupled with its unique design and profound experience in control and adjustment, it has certain advantages in the face of Chinese brand models of the same level. And built on the Changan EPA platform, it provides a combination of extended range and pure electric dual power, which further broadens the market audience of Mazda EZ-6, and has been greatly improved in terms of intelligence, which makes it have a certain differentiation advantage in the face of mainstream joint venture brand models.

　　With the arrival of Mazda EZ-6, it will fill the market gap of Changan Mazda in the field of new energy, and further enhance its competitiveness in the medium-sized car market. It is expected to become one of Changan Mazda’s important pillar products in the field of new energy, and lay a good foundation for the subsequent launch of more new energy models to further promote its development in the field of new energy. Of course, how is the specific performance, we also look forward to its official price. (Text: Pacific Automobile, Wu Qixing)

Welcome to Autohome Foshan preferential promotion channel, here to bring you exciting good news! Foshan is attracting the attention of consumers with an unprecedented promotion. It is understood that this promotion is in progress, and the maximum discount amount has reached an amazing 155,000 yuan, making the starting price of this luxury coupe only 640,800 yuan. Seize this excellent opportunity, friends who want to own a Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe, be sure to click the "Check Car Price" button in the quotation form to get the most competitive car purchase discount. This is not only a cost-saving opportunity, but also the yearning and pursuit of quality life. Hurry up and act, not to be missed!

The Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe is a perfect blend of modernity and elegance with its unique design concept. The front face design adopts the iconic shield-shaped air intake grille of the Mercedes-Benz family, and is matched with exquisite chrome decoration to create a strong visual impact. The body lines are smooth and dynamic, outlining the low body posture unique to the coupe. The overall style is sharp and elegant, highlighting the luxurious sports atmosphere.

With its unique design and refined craftsmanship, the Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe outlines an elegant and dynamic side profile. The body size is 4941mm*2018mm*1716mm and the wheelbase is 2935mm, showing a spacious and coordinated proportion. The front and rear wheels are equipped with 275/50 R20-size tires respectively, and the carefully designed rim style not only provides excellent driving performance, but also adds to the vehicle’s sense of movement. The smooth lines on the side of the car reflect the perfect combination of luxury and power, whether it is static appreciation or dynamic driving.

The interior design of the Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe reflects the usual luxury and refinement. The steering wheel is wrapped in delicate leather material to provide a comfortable feel and support manual and electric adjustment, so that the driver can precisely control it. The 12.3-inch central control screen acts as the intelligent hub in the car, integrating multimedia, navigation and telephone, making it easy to operate and full of technology. As for the seats, the main and passenger seats are made of imitation leather, and the main and passenger seats are equipped with multi-directional adjustment functions of front and rear, backrest, height and waist support, bringing the ultimate riding experience to passengers. At the same time, the front seats are also equipped with heating and ventilation functions, as well as power seat memory functions, providing drivers with a personalized and comfortable driving environment. Whether it is visual or tactile, the interior of the Mercedes-Benz GLE coupe reflects the brand’s attention and pursuit of detail.

The Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 190 kilowatts and a strong output of 258 horsepower. With a 9-speed automatic transmission, this engine not only provides a smooth driving experience, but also performs well in torque, with a maximum torque of 400 Nm. This configuration ensures that the vehicle can maintain efficient and flexible performance in various driving scenarios.

When summarizing the price reduction promotion of the Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe, we deeply feel the Mercedes-Benz brand’s keen response to market changes and respect for customer needs. This price offer not only improves the cost-effectiveness of consumers’ car purchases, but also adds more attractiveness to the Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe in the luxury SUV market. Taking this opportunity, Mercedes-Benz not only hopes to give back the support of old customers, but also looks forward to attracting more new friends to join the Mercedes-Benz family and experience the excellent driving experience and luxury quality of life brought by the Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe. Looking forward to your seizing this rare car purchase opportunity, driving the Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe, and setting off to explore the wider world. Thank you for your attention to Mercedes-Benz, and we look forward to serving you in the car dealership!

"Running Man" ("Running Man" for short) was undoubtedly a shining star in the Chinese variety scene. From its first broadcast in 2014 to becoming a source of laughter after countless families’ dinners, "Running Man" has allowed audiences to witness a series of exciting, funny and touching moments. However, recently, another veteran member announced his withdrawal, causing countless fans to sigh. The joining of White Deer and Fan Chengcheng failed to prevent the star’s gradual decline. Is "Running Man" really reaching a bottleneck period?

1. The members withdrew again, causing the fate of the show to rise sharply

It is reported that the announcement of the retirement this time is one of the old members of "Running Man", whose humor and enthusiasm have greatly enhanced the show. The news quickly spread on social media and caused a huge response. Viewers expressed their disappointment and reluctance: "I feel that something is missing from the departure of the old member," one loyal viewer wrote on Weibo. Many people worry that such a change will leave the show with a lack of chemistry and a less natural atmosphere than in the past.

2. The show goes from peak to gradual cooling: there are obvious traces of personnel changes

The success of "Running Man" is no accident. Its core charm lies in the interaction and tacit understanding among the members. However, over time, the original members gradually withdrew and were replaced by fresh faces. However, these new members, although unique, have never been able to completely replace the old members in the hearts of the audience. Fan Chengcheng and Bailu are undoubtedly powerful entertainers, and they also contributed many highlights in the show, but overall, the show seems to have lost its original purity and joy.

3. The charm of old members: the reluctance of the audience

The veteran, who has announced his retirement, has become a classic in the hearts of audiences over the years of "Running Man." Every time he appears, he always provokes a burst of laughter and applause. His unique sense of humor and affinity make him a "seagogue needle" in the show. Audiences have deep feelings for these familiar faces, so when they leave, it is not just a blow to the show, but a test of audience emotions.

4. Bailu and Fan Chengcheng: Fresh blood is not enough to save established shows

The production team of "Running Man" had hoped to inspire new vitality by introducing young idols such as Bai Lu and Fan Chengcheng. Bai Lu won the love of many fans with his bright personality and solid acting skills; Fan Chengcheng’s addition also added a lot of freshness and excitement to the show. However, it turns out that relying solely on the personal charm of the new members is not enough to fully make up for the vacancy caused by the departure of the old members. In the face of huge variety show market competition, such adjustments seem to be a drop in the bucket.

5. The talent turnover of variety shows: a hidden concern that cannot be ignored

The replacement of artists is the norm in the entertainment industry, but for a long-running variety show, the frequent change of core members is undoubtedly a huge challenge. On the one hand, new members need time to break in with the show, and on the other hand, the audience also needs time to accept and like these new faces. However, when the audience has become accustomed to the existence of old members, the addition of new members often brings discomfort and resistance, rather than expectation and joy.

6. Social media reverberations: Audience calls for authenticity

On social media, many viewers expressed concern about the current state of the show: "I hope the program team can plan the lineup of members more stably and in the long run, and do not treat the audience’s emotions as child’s play." Such voices reflect the audience’s appeal for the production idea of the show – hoping to maintain the original style and characteristics of the show, rather than changing frequently to meet the rapidly changing needs of the market.

7. The future of Running Man: How to regain lost luster

How to maintain the vitality of the show through the replacement of new and old members is a major challenge for the production team of "Running Man". Perhaps through more careful planning and production, the new members can build a deep emotional bond with the old audience, which is the key to the resurgence of "Running Man". Variety shows need freshness, but more importantly, they need a stable core team to support their long-term development.

8. Implications for the entire variety show industry

The phenomenon of "Running Man" has also triggered deep reflection on the entire variety show industry. Will frequent member changes have a negative impact on the overall quality of the show? Does the high mobility of stars mean that the life cycle of variety shows will be shortened? These are all questions that need to be reflected and discussed by industry insiders.

9. Rise and Fall: The Reality of the Variety Show Life Cycle

Every variety show has its own life cycle, from the initial novelty and popularity to the gradual lackluster and fall back, which is an inevitable process. The key lies in how to continuously innovate and debug during this process to maintain the audience’s interest and attention. For "Running Man", how to regain the lost innocence and enthusiasm will be the key to whether it can continue to attract audiences in the future.

10. Conclusion: Audience expectations and future prospects

Although "Running Man" faces many challenges, we still hope that it can rediscover the happy time that once accompanied countless audiences through continuous adjustment and innovation. After all, a successful variety show is not only a stage for stars, but also the emotional sustenance of the audience. I hope that in the days to come, we can continue to see the infinite joy and surprises that "Running Man" brings to us on the screen.

In this case, viewers must be patient and continue to support their favorite shows and stars. Mindful production and audience engagement may be the key factors that will make "Running Man" work out of its predicament.

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