Nearly 200 forensic doctors and DNA experts worked for 11 days, and the identities of 442 victims were all confirmed.

　　At the 15th press conference of the sinking incident of the "Oriental Star" passenger ship held on the afternoon of June 13th, Min Jianxiong, inspector and chief forensic doctor of the Material Evidence Identification Center of the Ministry of Public Security, said that as of 21: 30 on the 12th, the identities of 442 victims were confirmed by DNA identification and comparison.

　　After the sinking of the East Ship passenger ship, in order to determine the identity of the victims at the first time, technicians from the public security organs of the Ministry of Public Security, Hubei Province, Jingzhou City and Jianli County quickly assembled to set up a special working group. The Ministry of Public Security sent nine experts to organize and guide on the spot. The Criminal Investigation Corps of the Public Security Department of our province mobilized more than 150 professionals in forensic medicine, DNA, photography and trace in Wuhan, Jingzhou, Yichang, Xiantao, Tianmen and Qianjiang to carry out body source identification in shifts 24 hours a day; Hunan, Shanghai and other places also actively participated.

　　After 11 days of around-the-clock efforts by nearly 200 forensic doctors and DNA experts from all over the country, all the DNA information of 442 victims was compared, and the public security department will issue identification documents accordingly to help the victims find their relatives.

　　Forensic doctors who are used to life and death are sad from it.

　　5 th, funeral hall. In the face of the remains of the victims, Dai Jianyu, a forensic doctor of Jiang ‘an Branch of Wuhan Public Security Bureau, came from it. As a forensic doctor, he has long been used to life and death, but in the face of a huge disaster, his chest seems to be blocked.

　　After the shipwreck, Dai Jianyu was transferred to Jianli. Over time, many of the bodies of the victims that were salvaged were unrecognizable. In order to retrieve their identities, forensic doctors must be organized to extract DNA biological samples from the remains and their families as soon as possible, and the genetic relationship can be determined by comparing the genetic information contained in DNA.

　　The air was filled with peculiar smell, which penetrated into the nostrils of forensic doctors through protective masks. The staff is a group of four people, taking pictures and recording, and everything is in an orderly way.

　　A body was brought in, an old woman. After days of high temperature and river immersion, wet clothes clung to her. Ruan Haigen, who has been engaged in forensic work for 23 years, found that the old man still had a dark pocket sewn in his clothes, which contained 2,000 yuan in cash. "This should be her travel expenses along the way. The old man hid it close to his body, but there was no chance to spend it again. It was so sad."

　　The forensic doctor will classify and check the relics of the victims, register them one by one, and return them to their families after their identities are confirmed.

　　After a batch of remains were disposed of, Dai Jianyu was all sweaty. Tearing open the collar of the isolation suit, he flopped down in the corner and took a breath. The hotels in Jianli County are already full. Forensic doctors live in Zhuhe Town, 30 kilometers away. They can’t go back to take a shower and change clothes until 2 am, take a break and drive to the funeral home at 6 o’clock.

　　"Try your best to find the identity for every body, so that every victim can go home smoothly. This is our greatest wish. " Ruan Haigen said.

　　Minimize sampling damage

　　Usually, blood, nails, etc. are all DNA biological samples that can be extracted, but the particularity of the shipwreck makes it more difficult for forensic doctors to extract the samples. The "Oriental Star" passenger ship sank on June 1, and after the hull righted out of the water on the 5 th, a large number of remains were salvaged ashore. These remains were soaked in the river for 4 days, and the temperature in Jianli was high in early summer, and the remains appeared "giant view".

　　According to the forensic doctor, after death, the corrupt bacteria parasitic in the human body grow and multiply crazily due to the loss of the control of the human immune system. These amazing numbers of corrupt bacteria can produce a large number of dirty green corrupt gases, and the human body expands like an inflatable humanoid balloon, which is called the "giant view".

　　In this case, blood can no longer be used as a qualified biological sample, and the success rate of DNA sampling of nails can not be guaranteed. The safest way is to extract the costal cartilage from the remains.

　　Usually, costal cartilage can be extracted at a depth of 2 cm in the skin. Because of the serious phenomenon of "giant view", it needs to be extracted at a depth of 7 cm. At the same time, we should also consider the mood of the families of the victims and minimize the damage to the remains.

　　Wu Hongyan, forensic doctor of the Water Branch of Wuhan Public Security Bureau; Wan Hengyuan, forensic doctor of Donghu Branch. The two have rich experience in dealing with drowning remains. The two of them demonstrated to other forensic doctors how to complete the task of extracting materials with the smallest wound and the fastest speed. "Look at each other, and no one wants the remains of their loved ones to suffer again." This is the common aspiration of all.

　　In order to provide an auxiliary reference for the results of DNA comparison, this time, the general methods and norms of Interpol were adopted. After each body was disinfected and numbered, a personal identification form was established in strict accordance with the process of taking photos, registering clothes and personal belongings.

　　Some samples were reviewed more than 3 times.

　　With the guidance and assistance of experts from the Ministry of Public Security, the DNA Laboratory of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of Wuhan Public Security Bureau undertakes the DNA testing, data comparison and kinship determination of the remains and relatives of most victims. Since the 5th, DNA biological samples have been sent to Wuhan.

　　Zhu Chuanhong, a doctor of forensic medicine and an expert in DNA identification, said that after some biological samples were sent, due to the serious corruption of the remains themselves, DNA samples contained inhibitors, which affected the typing test results. "We can’t fully obtain accurate DNA test results by using a fully automatic operating platform, and we must combine semi-manual and manual methods." In order to ensure the accuracy of each test result, the staff tested each sample twice in three ways. After the preliminary conclusion comes out, it will be reviewed and reviewed continuously, and some of them will be reviewed more than three times.

　　After the results of DNA typing are determined, chromosome comparison is the key step to determine the genetic relationship. Fang Hui, an expert in DNA identification, said that when determining the genetic relationship, if the father, mother and son have complete DNA information, it is the best choice to make a "triplet" comparison. If only the single parent and autosomal DNA are compared, the probability of a comparison error is about one in 600,000. "When there is only single parent DNA information, if it is a father and son, we will add Y chromosome DNA identification. If it is a mother and daughter, we will add mitochondrial DNA identification to be as accurate as possible." As long as conditions permit, technicians will also extract the items in toothbrushes, sheets and pillows used by the victims during their lifetime for DNA sampling, identification and comparison.

　　Zhu Chuanhong said that the comparison of DNA involved in the case is often "one-to-many", and it is only necessary to compare the extracted DNA with the information in the database. The DNA comparison of this accident is a "many-to-many" "blind ratio", which is not only large in quantity, but also related to some victims themselves. In order to improve efficiency and accuracy, after receiving the task, they immediately sought technical support and designed a set of software for comparison. "This is a special task that has received the most samples since the establishment of the laboratory, and it is very difficult and demanding. It is both moral and responsibility to help each victim find his relatives." Zhu Chuanhong said.

　　Team strength to complete arduous tasks

　　Time is tight, it is difficult and the task is heavy. Min Jianxiong also said that this DNA comparison identification work is the most arduous task in his career.

　　"In this mission, the strength of the team is extraordinary." Fang Hui, one of the heads of the DNA laboratory of Wuhan Criminal Investigation Bureau, said with emotion. Of the 13 policemen in the laboratory, 10 are women, and 8 of them are "post-80s". The arduous task of DNA identification and comparison is to have a group of post-80s women soldiers as the main force.

　　Hu Xiaoxing, 29, has been engaged in DNA identification for four years. Like many girls in Wuhan, she also loves food, board games and shopping. But when the task suddenly comes, her "fighting power" is no less than that of young men.

　　Since 5th, Hu Xiaoxing and his colleagues have been in the laboratory for several days, and they can only sleep in their chairs for three or four hours every day. "After the misfortune happened, many people expressed their condolences on the Internet. I can use my major to help the families in distress, which feels very worthwhile. " When extracting DNA samples from biological samples, a small nail made Hu Xiaoxing almost cry. "It’s the three-year-old girl’s. It’s really pitiful."

　　Xu Fanye was sent to Indonesia to help crack down on telecom fraud and returned to work as soon as he returned home. Guo Ji was seconded to the Tongxin Police Station in Donghu Development Zone. I heard that his comrades worked overtime all night and sent snacks specially. "No one is complaining. Everyone wants to do their best to complete the task and help the victims find their loved ones." Hu Xiaoxing said.

　　For more than 20 years, Fang Hui has never heard of any laboratory in China that has accurately completed such a large number of DNA identification and comparison work in such a short period of time. "I hope that our efforts can comfort the living and let the deceased be buried as soon as possible. Get rest in peace." (KaRen Yang Luo Xuwen Yang Huai Liu Wang Xin Hong Xu)