The recent Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party pointed out that "at present, the theme of the times of peace and development has not changed". The scientific conclusion that peace and development are the themes of the present era provides a theoretical basis for our party to formulate correct strategic strategies.

　　The connotation of "the theme of the times" was put forward and defined by Comrade Deng Xiaoping. In the 1980s, he put forward that "peace and development are two major problems in the world today", which reversed the old idea that war is inevitable and imminent, and enabled the whole party to concentrate on construction. It can be said that this solved the problem of "the theme of the times". In the 1990s, he pointed out that "the general trend of historical development is irreversible" when socialism replaced capitalism, which strengthened his position and determination to engage in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, which can be said to have solved the problem of "the essence of the times". In a word, Deng Xiaoping put forward and solved these two basic problems step by step in the 1980s and 1990s according to the development of the objective situation and the needs of the actual struggle. According to Deng Xiaoping’s scientific judgment on the issue of the times, we must deal with the relationship between the theme of the times of peace and development and the general trend of historical development from the height of the times, and attach importance to the combination and unity of the theme of the times and the essence of the times.

　　First of all, peace and development are today’s "themes of the times", which has become the normative formulation of our party’s documents and won the consensus of the whole party. Deng Xiaoping first raised this issue in 1985. When he met with Japanese guests on March 4 that year, he said this: "The real big problems in the world now have global strategic issues, one is peace, and the other is economic or development. The issue of peace is an East-West issue, and the issue of development is a North-South issue. To sum up, it is four words: east, west, north and south. " After Deng Xiaoping’s assertion was put forward, some people in academic circles put forward that today is an era of peace and development, and even many monographs with this title were published, which is obviously misunderstood. Because Deng Xiaoping said that "peace and development" are the "two major problems" in today’s world, and they have not risen to the "times". Later, Deng Xiaoping emphasized that "the two major problems of peace and development have not been solved so far", which further shows that he thinks that "peace and development" are "problems", and by no means means that the world today is an era of peace and development. In 1987, the report of the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China said that peace and development are the "two major problems in the world" at present, and in 1992, the report of the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China formally proposed that peace and development are the "themes of the times" at present. Since then, peace and development have become the "theme of the times" and have become the normative formulation in the Party’s documents. The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012 still said that "the world today is undergoing profound and complex changes, and peace and development remain the theme of the times".

　　Secondly, the assertion that "the general trend of historical development is irreversible" profoundly reveals the "essence of the times" today. Under the situation that "peace and development" has become the theme of the times, the struggle between capitalism and socialism "two isms" and "two systems" still exists, but how to understand and express this in the issues of the times is worth studying. Someone once mentioned "the era of peaceful competition between socialism and capitalism", because too much emphasis on "two doctrines" would give people the illusion that "two camps" still dominate the world, which was denied by most scholars. In recent years, some commentators have proposed that "socialism and capitalism have two futures, two roads, two fates, and the era of life-and-death game between two major forces", and not many people will respond. There are many, large and complicated contradictions in the world. The struggle between "two isms" and "two systems" is not always the "central problem" or "main problem" in the world, and the situation of the whole world is not dominated and controlled by it. The Second World War was not caused by the contradiction between the two systems, and the national liberation movement after the war was mainly to solve the national contradictions. After the Cold War, the world is developing in the direction of political pluralism and economic globalization. The contest of comprehensive national strength, which is guided by science and technology and centered on strengthening economic strength, national defense strength and national cohesion, is becoming increasingly fierce. This struggle is mainly not manifested in and depends on the struggle between the two social systems. Therefore, it is not appropriate to treat and deal with the contradiction between the "two systems" as the main contradiction in the world, and it is impossible to concentrate all kinds of complex contradictions and international struggles in the world.The struggle between "two systems" came up.

　　Obviously, Deng Xiaoping’s practice and judgment are the most intelligent and scientific. He realistically affirmed that "peace and development" is the theme of today’s times, and at the same time put today’s times into the long history of social development to consider (because the small era with peace and development as the theme of the times is not divorced from the big era of human social and historical development, which is completely appropriate and correct), and then pointed out that the historical general trend that socialism will inevitably replace capitalism is "irreversible". This profoundly reveals that the essence of the times is still "the transition from capitalism to socialism", which means that the "general direction" and "general trend" of historical development have not changed. This thesis is both scientific and contemporary. It not only points out the class content and essence of today’s era, but also changes the old expression that dogma is rigid and outdated on the issue of the times. At the same time, Deng Xiaoping emphasized that socialism "will inevitably replace" capitalism, but this will happen after socialism "develops in a long process" and said that "the road is tortuous". That is to say, in Deng Xiaoping’s view, the "essence of the times" of the transition from capitalism to socialism is closely related to the "theme of the times" of peaceful development. Only by using successful examples of socialist construction to prove that socialism is superior to capitalism can the existing socialist countries promote the revival and development of the world socialist movement. Therefore, "peace and development" has become the only way to consolidate and develop socialism and realize communism in the future.We must deal with the relationship between the theme of the times of peace and development and the general trend of historical development from the height of the times, and unify and combine the two. (Xiao Feng is the former deputy director of the Research Office of the International Liaison Department)

　　 Core reading guide

　　 On May 22nd, the National Health and Wellness Commission issued the Statistical Bulletin on the Development of Health and Wellness in China in 2018. According to the Bulletin, the average life expectancy of Chinese residents has increased from 76.7 years in 2017 to 77 years in 2018, the maternal mortality rate has dropped from 19.6/100,000 to 18.3/100,000, and the infant mortality rate has dropped from 6.8‰ Down to 6.1‰ .

　　 According to the Bulletin, in 2018, the total number of outpatients nationwide increased by 130 million person-times or 1.6% over the previous year. The average number of visits by residents increased from 5.9 in 2017 to 6.0. The total number of hospitalizations nationwide increased by 4.2% over the previous year. The annual hospitalization rate increased from 17.6% in 2017 to 18.2%. The number of beds in medical and health institutions per thousand population increased from 5.72 in 2017 to 6.03. By the end of 2018, the total number of medical and health institutions nationwide reached 997,434, an increase of 10,785 over the previous year. In addition, in 2018, private hospitals accounted for 63.5% of the total number of hospitals, an increase of 3.1 percentage points over the previous year. The proportion of outpatients and inpatients in private hospitals increased from 14.2% and 17.6% in 2017 to 14.8% and 18.3% respectively. By the end of 2018, the total number of health workers in the country reached 12.3 million, an increase of 551,000 (an increase of 4.7%) over the previous year.

　　 It is worth noting that in 2018, the outpatient service of township hospitals and community health service centers (stations) increased by 2.1% compared with the previous year, accounting for 23.1% of the total outpatient service in the country. By the end of 2018, there were 622,000 village clinics in 542,000 administrative villages nationwide. The number of village clinics reached 1.441 million, with an average of 2.32 per village clinic. At the same time, the average cost increase of public hospitals has been controlled within 4% for three consecutive years. In 2018, the average outpatient expenses and per capita hospitalization expenses of public hospitals increased by 3.7% and 2.2% respectively over the previous year, which was lower than the average increase of 1.0 percentage points and 0.2 percentage points of hospitals, and lower than the increase of per capita disposable income of urban residents (5.6%) and per capita net income of rural residents (6.6%) in 2018.

　　 According to preliminary calculations, the proportion of personal health expenditure in the total health expenditure in 2018 decreased by 0.04 percentage points compared with the previous year, and the proportion of total health expenditure in GDP increased by 0.03 percentage points compared with 2017. In terms of health manpower structure, at the end of 2018, there were 2.59 licensed (assistant) doctors and 2.94 registered nurses per 1,000 population, an increase of 0.15 and 0.20 respectively over the previous year. The educational level of health technicians has been further improved, accounting for 36.5% of the total, up 2.5 percentage points over the previous year; Senior technical positions (employment) accounted for 8.1%, an increase of 0.3 percentage points over the previous year.

　　 According to the Bulletin, the population born in 2018 was 15.23 million, and the proportion of two children remained at around 50%.

　　 The full text of the document is as follows:

　　 2018 is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The national health system resolutely implements the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, makes every effort to promote the construction of a healthy China, continues to deepen the reform of the medical and health system, continuously enhances the capabilities of disease prevention and control and medical services, steadily advances the work of population development, maternal and child health and healthy aging, strengthens the service of traditional Chinese medicine, continuously improves the comprehensive supervision level, and continuously improves the health level of urban and rural residents. The average life expectancy of residents has increased from 76.7 years in 2017 to 77.0 years in 2018, the maternal mortality rate has decreased from 19.6/100,000 to 18.3/100,000, and the infant mortality rate has decreased from 6.8‰ Down to 6.1‰ .

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　　 I. Health resources

　　 (1) The total number of medical and health institutions. By the end of 2018, the total number of medical and health institutions nationwide reached 997,434, an increase of 10,785 over the previous year. Among them, there are 33,009 hospitals, 943,639 primary medical and health institutions and 18,034 professional public health institutions. Compared with the previous year, there were 1,953 hospitals, 10,615 primary medical and health institutions and 1,862 professional public health institutions.

　　 Among hospitals, there are 12,032 public hospitals and 20,977 private hospitals. Hospitals are classified into 2,548 tertiary hospitals (including 1,442 tertiary hospitals), 9,017 secondary hospitals, 10,831 first-class hospitals and 10,613 unrated hospitals. According to the number of beds, there are 20054 hospitals with less than 100 beds, 4786 hospitals with 100-199 beds, 4437 hospitals with 200-499 beds, 1858 hospitals with 500-799 beds and 1874 hospitals with 800 beds or more.

　　 Among the primary medical and health institutions, there are 34,997 community health service centers (stations), 36,461 township health centers, 228,019 clinics and clinics and 622,001 village clinics. The government runs 121,918 primary medical and health institutions.

　　 Among professional public health institutions, there are 3,443 centers for disease prevention and control, including 31 at the provincial level, 417 at the city (prefecture) level and 2,758 at the county (district, county-level city) level. There are 2949 health supervision institutions, including 29 at the provincial level, 392 at the city (prefecture) level and 2515 at the county (district, county-level city) level. There are 3080 maternal and child health care institutions, including 26 at the provincial level, 381 at the city (prefecture) level and 2571 at the county (district, county-level city) level.

　　 (2) Number of beds. By the end of 2018, there were 8.404 million beds in medical and health institutions nationwide, including 6.52 million beds in hospitals (accounting for 77.6%) and 1.584 million beds in primary medical and health institutions (accounting for 18.8%). In hospitals, public hospital beds account for 73.7% and private hospital beds account for 26.3%. Compared with the previous year, the number of beds increased by 464,000, including 399,000 beds in hospitals and 55,000 beds in primary medical and health institutions. The number of beds in medical and health institutions per thousand population increased from 5.72 in 2017 to 6.03 in 2018.

　　 (3) Total number of health personnel. By the end of 2018, the total number of health workers in the country reached 12.3 million, an increase of 551,000 (an increase of 4.7%) over the previous year.

　　 At the end of 2018, among the total number of health workers, there were 9.529 million health technicians, 907,000 rural doctors and health workers, 477,000 other technicians, 529,000 managers and 858,000 workers and technicians. Among the health technicians, there are 3.607 million licensed (assistant) doctors and 4.099 million registered nurses. Compared with the previous year, the number of health technicians increased by 541,000 (an increase of 6.0%) (see Table 2).

　　 By the end of 2018, there were 7.375 million people in hospitals (accounting for 60.0%), 3.965 million people in primary medical and health institutions (accounting for 32.2%) and 883,000 people in professional public health institutions (accounting for 7.2%) (see Table 3).

　　 At the end of 2018, the academic structure of health technicians: undergraduate and above accounted for 34.6%, junior college accounted for 37.8%, technical secondary school accounted for 22.3%, and high school and below accounted for 5.4%; Technical post (employment) structure: senior (director and deputy director level) accounts for 8.0%, intermediate (attending and supervisor) accounts for 19.9%, junior (division and bachelor level) accounts for 61.1%, and pending employment accounts for 10.9%.

　　 In 2018, there were 2.59 licensed (assistant) doctors and 2.94 registered nurses per 1,000 population; There are 2.22 general practitioners per 10,000 population and 6.34 professional public health institutions per 10,000 population.

　　 Note: The number of health workers and health technicians, including civil servants, who have obtained the "certificate of health supervisor". The following table is the same.

　　 (4) Total health expenditure. In 2018, the total national health expenditure is estimated to reach 5,799.83 billion yuan, including 1,639.07 billion yuan (accounting for 28.3%) for government health, 2,494.47 billion yuan (accounting for 4.3%) for social health and 1,666.29 billion yuan (accounting for 28.7%) for personal health. The per capita total health expenditure is 4,148.1 yuan, and the total health expenditure accounts for 6.4% of GDP (see Table 4).

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　　 Second, medical services

　　 (1) Outpatient service and hospitalization. In 2018, the total number of medical consultations in medical and health institutions nationwide reached 8.31 billion, an increase of 130 million (1.6%) over the previous year. In 2018, residents visited medical and health institutions for an average of 6.0 times.

　　 In 2018, there were 3.58 billion person-times in hospitals (accounting for 43.1%), 4.41 billion person-times in primary health care institutions (accounting for 53.1%) and 320 million person-times in other medical institutions (accounting for 3.9%). Compared with the previous year, the number of hospital visits increased by 140 million, and the number of primary medical and health institutions decreased by 20 million.

　　 In 2018, there were 3.05 billion person-times in public hospitals (accounting for 85.2% of the total number of hospitals) and 530 million person-times in private hospitals (accounting for 14.8% of the total number of hospitals) (see Table 5).

　　 In 2018, the number of outpatients in township hospitals and community health service centers (stations) reached 1.92 billion, an increase of 40 million over the previous year. Outpatients in township hospitals and community health service centers (stations) accounted for 23.1% of the total outpatient service, and the proportion increased by 0.1 percentage points over the previous year.

　　 In 2018, there were 254.53 million people admitted to medical and health institutions nationwide, an increase of 10.17 million people (up 4.2%) over the previous year, and the annual hospitalization rate was 18.2%.

　　 In 2018, there were 200.17 million people in hospitals (accounting for 78.6%), 43.75 million people in primary health care institutions (accounting for 17.2%) and 10.61 million people in other medical institutions (accounting for 4.2%). Compared with the previous year, the number of hospital admissions increased by 10.17 million, the number of primary medical and health institutions decreased by 750,000, and the number of other medical institutions decreased by 100,000.

　　 In 2018, there were 163.51 million people admitted to public hospitals (accounting for 81.7% of the total number of hospitals) and 36.66 million people admitted to private hospitals (accounting for 18.3% of the total number of hospitals) (see Table 5).

　　 (2) The workload of hospital doctors. In 2018, hospital doctors were responsible for 7.0 person-times of medical treatment and 2.5 bed days of hospitalization, among which, doctors in public hospitals were responsible for 7.5 person-times of medical treatment and 2.6 bed days of hospitalization. The average daily workload of hospital doctors decreased slightly compared with the previous year (see Table 6).

　　 (3) use of hospital beds. In 2018, the utilization rate of hospital beds in China was 84.2%, including 91.1% in public hospitals. Compared with the previous year, the utilization rate of hospital beds decreased by 0.8 percentage points (including 0.2 percentage points in public hospitals). In 2018, the average length of stay of hospital discharged patients was 9.3 days (including 9.3 days in public hospitals), and the average length of stay of hospital discharged patients was the same as that of the previous year (see Table 7).

　　 (4) improving medical services. By the end of 2018, among secondary and above public hospitals, 45.4% had made appointment for diagnosis and treatment, 90.8% had carried out clinical pathway management, 52.9% had carried out telemedicine services, 85.8% had participated in mutual recognition of examination results at the same level, and 70.9% had carried out quality nursing services.

　　 (5) blood security. In 2018, the number of unpaid blood donors reached 14.99 million, and the amount of blood collected reached 25.695 million units, up by 2.8% and 3.7% respectively compared with 2017. The blood donation rate of thousands of people was close to 11.2.

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　　 Third, primary health services

　　 (1) Rural health. By the end of 2018, there were 15,474 county-level hospitals, 1,907 county-level maternal and child health care institutions, 2,090 county-level centers for disease control and prevention, and 1,822 county-level health supervision institutions in 1,827 counties (county-level cities) across the country, and there were 3.039 million health workers in the four types of county-level health institutions.

　　 By the end of 2018, there were 36,000 township hospitals in 31,600 townships nationwide, with 1.334 million beds and 1.391 million health workers (including 1.181 million health technicians). Compared with the previous year, the number of township hospitals decreased by 90 (after the merger of towns and villages), the number of beds increased by 42,000, and the number of personnel increased by 31,000. In 2018, there were 1.39 beds in township hospitals per 1,000 rural population and 1.45 people in township hospitals per 1,000 rural population (see Table 8).

　　 By the end of 2018, there were 622,000 village clinics in 542,000 administrative villages nationwide. There are 1.441 million village clinics, including 381,000 licensed (assistant) doctors, 153,000 registered nurses, and 907,000 rural doctors and health workers. The average number of clinic staff in each village is 2.32. Compared with the previous year, the number of village clinics decreased by 10,000, and the total number of staff decreased (see Table 9).

　　 Note: The number of licensed (assistant) doctors and registered nurses in village clinics includes the number of township hospitals.

　　 In 2018, the number of hospital visits at county level (including county-level cities) reached 1.19 billion, an increase of 50 million over the previous year; The number of people admitted to the hospital was 87.446 million, an increase of 3.804 million over the previous year; The utilization rate of hospital beds was 81.7%, down 0.3 percentage points from the previous year.

　　 In 2018, the number of medical consultations in township hospitals was 1.12 billion, an increase of 0.1 billion over the previous year; The number of people admitted to the hospital was 39.84 million, a decrease of 630,000 over the previous year. In 2018, doctors were responsible for 9.3 person-times of diagnosis and treatment and 1.6 bed days of hospitalization. The utilization rate of hospital beds was 59.6%, and the average hospitalization days of discharged patients were 6.4 days. Compared with the previous year, the workload of doctors in township hospitals decreased slightly, the utilization rate of hospital beds decreased by 1.7 percentage points, and the average length of stay was extended by 0.1 days compared with the previous year.

　　 In 2018, the amount of medical treatment in village clinics reached 1.67 billion person-times, a decrease of 120 million person-times compared with the previous year, with an average annual medical treatment of 2,685 person-times in each village clinic.

　　 (2) Community health. By the end of 2018, there were 34,997 community health service centers (stations) in China, including 9,352 community health service centers and 25,645 community health service stations. Compared with last year, there were 205 community health service centers and 140 community health service stations. There are 462,000 people in community health service centers, with an average of 49 people in each center; There are 120,000 people in community health service stations, with an average of 5 people per station. The number of staff in community health service centers (stations) increased by 28,000 over the previous year, with an increase of 5.1%.

　　 In 2018, there were 640 million medical consultations and 3.395 million hospitalizations in the national community health service centers, an increase over the previous year; On average, each center has an annual treatment volume of 68,000 person-times and an annual admission volume of 363 people. Doctors are responsible for 16.1 person-times of diagnosis and treatment and 0.6 days of hospitalization. In 2018, there were 160 million medical consultations in community health service stations nationwide, with an average of 6,244 medical consultations per station, and 13.7 medical consultations per doctor per day (see Table 10).

　　 (3) National basic public health service projects. The per capita subsidy standard for national basic public health service projects increased from 52.6 yuan in 2017 to 57.6 yuan in 2018. Health literacy promotion and free provision of contraceptives were included in national basic public health service projects, and the project content was expanded from 12 categories to 14 categories.

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　　 Fourth, Chinese medicine services

　　 (a) institutions of traditional Chinese medicine, beds and personnel. By the end of 2018, the total number of Chinese medicine medical and health institutions nationwide reached 60,738, an increase of 6,495 over the previous year. Among them, there are 4,939 Chinese medicine hospitals, 55,757 Chinese medicine clinics and 42 Chinese medicine research institutions. Compared with the previous year, the number of Chinese medicine hospitals increased by 373, and the number of Chinese medicine clinics and clinics increased by 6,125 (see Table 11).

　　 Note: Clinical departments of traditional Chinese medicine include various specialties of traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and ethnic medicine.

　　 At the end of 2018, there were 1.234 million beds in Chinese medicine medical and health institutions nationwide, including 1.022 million beds in Chinese medicine hospitals (82.8%). Compared with the previous year, there were 99,000 beds in Chinese medicine, including 70,000 beds in Chinese medicine hospitals.

　　 By the end of 2018, community health service centers providing Chinese medicine services accounted for 98.5% of similar institutions, community health service stations accounted for 87.2%, township hospitals accounted for 97.0%, and village clinics accounted for 69.0% (see Table 12).

　　 At the end of 2018, the total number of Chinese medicine health personnel nationwide reached 715,000, an increase of 51,000 (an increase of 7.7%) over the previous year. Among them, there are 575,000 licensed (assistant) physicians and 124,000 Chinese pharmacists. The two types of personnel have increased compared with the previous year (see Table 13).

　　 (2) Chinese medicine medical services. In 2018, the total number of medical consultations in Chinese medical and health institutions nationwide reached 1.07 billion, an increase of 50 million (5.2%) over the previous year. Among them, there were 630 million person-times in TCM hospitals (accounting for 58.8%), 180 million person-times in TCM outpatient departments and clinics (accounting for 16.6%), and 260 million person-times in TCM clinical departments of other medical institutions (accounting for 24.5%).

　　 In 2018, there were 35.847 million people discharged from Chinese medical and health institutions nationwide, an increase of 2.937 million (8.9%) over the previous year. Among them, there are 30.41 million Chinese medicine hospitals (accounting for 84.8%), 7,000 Chinese medicine clinics and 5.429 million Chinese medicine clinical departments in other medical and health institutions (accounting for 15.1%) (see Table 14).

　　 V. Medical expenses of patients

　　 (1) Medical expenses of hospital patients. In 2018, the average outpatient cost of the hospital was 274.1 yuan, which was 6.7% higher than that of the previous year and 4.5% higher than the comparable price. The per capita hospitalization expense is 9291.9 yuan, which is 4.5% higher than that of the previous year and 2.4% higher than that of the comparable price. The average daily hospitalization expense is 1002.8 yuan (see Table 15).

　　 In 2018, the average outpatient drug cost (112.0 yuan) accounted for 40.9%, down 1.8 percentage points from the previous year (42.7%); The per capita hospitalization expenses (2621.6 yuan) accounted for 28.2%, which was 2.9 percentage points lower than the previous year (31.1%).

　　 In 2018, among public hospitals at all levels, the average outpatient expenses of tertiary hospitals increased by 5.2% (the current price, the same below), and the per capita hospitalization expenses increased by 1.7%, which was lower than the increase in patient expenses of public hospitals (see Table 15).

　　 (2) Medical expenses of patients in primary medical and health institutions. In 2018, the average outpatient cost of community health service centers was 132.3 yuan, up 13.1% from the previous year and 10.8% from comparable prices. The per capita hospitalization expense is 3,194.0 yuan, which is 4.4% higher than that of the previous year and 2.3% higher than the comparable price (see Table 16).

　　 In 2018, the average outpatient drug cost of community health service centers (90.5 yuan) accounted for 68.4%, down 0.3 percentage points from the previous year (68.7%); The per capita hospitalization expenses (1,169.6 yuan) accounted for 36.6%, which was 2.9 percentage points lower than the previous year (39.5%).

　　 In 2018, the average outpatient fee of township health centers was 71.5 yuan, which was 7.5% higher than that of the previous year and 5.3% higher than the comparable price. The per capita hospitalization expense is 1,834.2 yuan, which is 6.8% higher than that of the previous year and 4.6% higher than the comparable price. The average daily hospitalization expense is 285.3 yuan.

　　 In 2018, the average outpatient drug cost of township hospitals (39.3 yuan) accounted for 55.0%, up 0.6 percentage points from the previous year (54.4%); The per capita hospitalization expenses (730.7 yuan) accounted for 39.8%, which was 2.4 percentage points lower than the previous year (42.2%).

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　　 VI. Disease Control and Public Health

　　 (a) reported incidence and death of infectious diseases. In 2018, 3.063 million cases of Class A and B infectious diseases were reported and 23,174 people died. The top five reported cases are viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, bacterial and amebic dysentery, accounting for 92.2% of the total reported cases of Class A and B infectious diseases. The top five reported deaths are AIDS, tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, rabies and Japanese encephalitis, accounting for 99.3% of the total reported deaths of Class A and B infectious diseases (see Table 17).

　　 In 2018, the reported incidence rate of Class A and B infectious diseases in China was 2.20.5/100,000, and the mortality rate was 1.7/100,000.

　　 In 2018, except for filariasis, there were no reported cases of morbidity and mortality of Class C infectious diseases in China, and the other 10 diseases reported a total of 4.708 million cases and 203 deaths. The top five reported cases were hand, foot and mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea, influenza, mumps and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, accounting for 99.8% of the total reported cases of Class C infectious diseases. The diseases that reported more deaths were influenza, hand-foot-mouth disease and other infectious diarrhea in turn, accounting for 100% of the total reported deaths of Class C infectious diseases (see Table 18).

　　 In 2018, the reported incidence rate of Class C infectious diseases in China was 3.38.9/100,000, and the mortality rate was 0.0146/100,000.

　　 (2) Prevention and control of schistosomiasis. By the end of 2018, there were 450 schistosomiasis endemic counties (cities, districts) in China; The number of counties (cities, districts) that have achieved elimination, transmission blocking and transmission control is 263, 124 and 63 respectively; At the end of the year, there were 29,329 patients with advanced schistosomiasis, 78 fewer than the previous year.

　　 (3) prevention and control of endemic diseases. By the end of 2018, there were 330 counties with Keshan disease in the country, with 238 eliminated and 73 controlled counties respectively, and there were 6600 patients. There are 379 counties with Kaschin-Beck disease, 346 counties have been eliminated and 21 counties have been controlled, with 177,000 patients. There are 2,829 counties harmed by iodine deficiency and 2,337 counties eliminated. There are 1049 endemic fluorosis (drinking water type) counties, 668 control counties, 80011 endemic villages, 13.333 million patients with dental fluorosis and 135,900 patients with skeletal fluorosis. There are 171 endemic fluorosis (coal-burning pollution) counties, 156 controlled counties, 13.776 million patients with dental fluorosis and 92,200 patients with skeletal fluorosis.

　　 (4) Prevention and control of occupational diseases. By the end of 2018, there were 2,754 occupational health inspection institutions and 478 occupational disease diagnosis institutions nationwide. In 2018, a total of 23,497 new cases of various occupational diseases, 19,524 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases (including 19,468 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis), 1,528 cases of occupational otorhinolaryngology and oral diseases, 1,333 cases of occupational chemical poisoning, 540 cases of occupational infectious diseases, 331 cases of occupational diseases caused by physical factors, 77 cases of occupational tumors, 93 cases of occupational skin diseases, 47 cases of occupational eye diseases and 17 cases of radiation-induced diseases were reported. As of 2018, the publicity week of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases has been organized for 16 consecutive years, and the occupational health training project has been implemented. In the past 10 years, 4.3 million person-times of corporate leaders and occupational health managers have been trained.

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　　 Seven, maternal and child health and healthy aging

　　 (1) Maternal and child health care. In 2018, the prenatal check-up rate of pregnant women was 96.6%, and the postpartum visit rate was 93.8%. Compared with the previous year, the rate of prenatal examination has increased and the rate of postpartum visit has decreased (see Table 19). In 2018, the hospital delivery rate was 99.9% (100.0% in the city and 99.8% in the county), which was the same as the previous year.

　　 In 2018, the systematic management rate of children under 3 years old reached 91.2%, an increase of 0.1 percentage points over the previous year; The systematic management rate of pregnant and lying-in women reached 89.9%, an increase of 0.3 percentage points over the previous year (see Table 19).

　　 (2) Mortality rate of children under 5 years old. According to maternal and child health monitoring, in 2018, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old was 8.4‰ , in which: City 4.4‰ Rural 10.2‰ ; Infant mortality rate is 6.1‰ , in which: City 3.6‰ Rural 7.3‰ . Compared with the previous year, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old and the infant mortality rate have decreased in different degrees (see Table 20).

　　 (3) Maternal mortality rate. According to maternal and child health monitoring, in 2018, the maternal mortality rate was 18.3/100,000, including 15.5/100,000 in cities and 19.9/100,000 in rural areas. Compared with the previous year, the maternal mortality rate has decreased (see table 20).

　　 (4) National free pre-pregnancy eugenics program. All counties (cities, districts) in China generally carry out free pre-pregnancy eugenics health check-ups, and provide free pre-pregnancy eugenics services such as health education, health check-ups, risk assessment, consultation and guidance for rural planned pregnant couples. In 2018, a total of 11.31 million couples with planned pregnancy were provided with free check-ups, and the average coverage rate of the target population reached 88.4%. All the screened risk groups received targeted counseling and treatment referral services, and pre-pregnancy preventive measures were implemented, effectively reducing the risk of birth defects.

　　 (5) Promoting the combination of health services and medical care for the elderly. In 2018, there were 6 national clinical medical research centers for geriatrics, 1,519 medical and health institutions with geriatrics, and 276 medical and health institutions with hospice care (hospice care). The elderly over 65 accounted for 29.2% of the total number of inpatients. The 13th Five-Year Plan for Healthy Ageing was successfully implemented. Piloting the combination of medical care and nursing care in 90 cities. Jointly with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the second batch of smart and healthy old-age application demonstration work was carried out, and 26 demonstration enterprises, 48 demonstration streets (towns) and 10 demonstration bases were identified.

　　 08

　　 Eight, food safety and health supervision

　　 (1) Food safety risk monitoring. According to the reports of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and Xinjiang Construction Corps (the same below), by the end of 2018, there were 2,822 food safety risk monitoring points nationwide to monitor chemical pollutants and harmful factors in 135,000 samples of 26 categories; Monitoring points were set up in 62914 medical and health institutions to carry out food-borne disease monitoring.

　　 (2) Health supervision in public places. In 2018, there were 1.232 million supervised units in public places nationwide, with 6.752 million employees. 1.735 million times of supervision and inspection were conducted in public places, and 82,000 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　 (3) Sanitary supervision of drinking water. In 2018, there were 80,000 supervised units for drinking water sanitation (water supply) nationwide, and 445,000 people were directly engaged in water supply and management. Supervision and inspection of drinking water hygiene (water supply) was carried out for 134,000 times. There are 5,345 supervised units involving drinking water hygiene and safety products in China, with 114,000 employees. 6,470 households were supervised and inspected for products related to drinking water hygiene and safety. 4,244 cases of drinking water and drinking water safety products were investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　 (four) disinfection products and tableware centralized disinfection hygiene supervision. In 2018, there were 5,894 supervised units in disinfection products, with 87,500 employees. Disinfection products has supervised and inspected 33,900 times, and sampled 4,037 pieces, with a qualified rate of 96.6%. 1,933 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law. In 2018, there were 4,262 centralized disinfection service units for tableware and drinking utensils nationwide, with 44,000 employees. 9,754 households were supervised and inspected, and 1,298 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　 (5) School health supervision. In 2018, there were 197,000 supervised schools nationwide, with 272,000 supervision and inspections and 4,854 cases investigated.

　　 (6) Occupational health and radiological health supervision of medical institutions. By the end of 2018, 3,392 households were actually supervised by occupational health, with a supervision coverage rate of 78.4%, and 5,616 households were regularly supervised. 136 occupational health cases were investigated and dealt with according to law. There were 53,000 actual radiation hygiene supervisors, with a supervision coverage rate of 86.0%, and 82,000 regular inspections were conducted. 6,159 radiation health cases were investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　 (seven) health supervision of medical and health care, blood safety and prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. In 2018, 28,800 health administrative penalties were imposed on medical institutions or medical personnel according to law. Administrative punishment for practicing medicine without a license was 19,200. 122 administrative penalties were imposed on blood collection and supply institutions according to law. 53,000 cases of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases were investigated and dealt with according to law, including 53,000 cases of health administrative punishment.

　　 (8) family planning supervision. In 2018, there were 20,200 family planning supervised units, 23,800 family planning supervision and inspections, and 1,026 cases were investigated and dealt with according to law.

　　 09

　　 IX. Population and family development

　　 (a) the universal two-child policy steady implementation. In 2018, the birth population was 15.23 million, and the proportion of two children remained at around 50%, and the sex ratio continued to decline steadily. Maternal and child health services have been actively promoted, the whole-course maternity service has been strengthened, and the construction of maternal and child facilities has been solidly promoted. The allocation rate of public places that should be equipped with maternal and child facilities has reached 88.3%, and the phased goals have been successfully completed. Relevant departments have been coordinated to promote the matching of relevant economic and social policies such as nursery, preschool education, employment, housing and taxation with the birth policy.

　　 (2) The reform of family planning service management was deepened. All localities actively promote the interconnection of family planning information, and carry out online registration, "multi-certificate integration", one-time registration and full-service service. The online birth registration rate exceeds 90%, achieving "running at most once". Carry out dynamic monitoring and investigation of floating population and actively promote the equalization of basic public health and family planning services for floating population.

　　 (three) family planning incentives and support policies. In 2018, a total of 19.01 billion yuan was invested in the "three systems" of family planning incentives and assistance, an increase of 3.16 billion yuan over the previous year; The special support system for family planning benefited 1.247 million people, and the project of "having fewer children and getting rich quickly" in the western region benefited 19 thousand households.

　　 Note: The total number of people assisted does not include those who have fewer children and get rich quickly, and the number of people assisted with fewer children and get rich quickly is 10,000; Special assistance is given to families who only count the disabled and dead children of their only child.

　　 Notes:

　　 (1) Medical and health institutions include hospitals, primary medical and health institutions, professional public health institutions and other institutions.

　　 (2) Public hospitals refer to hospitals whose economic types are state-owned and collectively run (including government-run hospitals).

　　 (3) Private hospitals refer to hospitals other than public hospitals, including joint ventures, joint-stock cooperation, private hospitals, hospitals invested by Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao and foreign countries.

　　 (4) Primary medical and health institutions include community health service centers (stations), street hospitals, township hospitals, village clinics, outpatient departments and clinics (infirmary).

　　 (5) Professional public health institutions include centers for disease prevention and control, specialized disease prevention and control institutions, maternal and child health care institutions, health education institutions, emergency centers (stations), blood collection and supply institutions, health and family planning supervision institutions, and family planning technical service institutions.

　　 (6) government-run medical and health institutions refer to medical and health institutions organized by administrative departments such as health, education, civil affairs, public security, justice, and corps.

　　 (7) Medical and health institutions of traditional Chinese medicine include hospitals, outpatient departments, clinics and scientific research institutions of traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and ethnic medicine.

　　 (8) Health personnel include health technicians, rural doctors and health workers, other technical personnel, management personnel and workers and technicians. According to the statistics of the number of employees on the job, including those who are in the process of preparation, contract system, re-employment and temporary employment for more than half a year.

　　 (9) Health technicians include practicing (assistant) doctors, registered nurses, pharmacists (doctors), technicians (doctors), health and family planning supervisors (including the number of civil servants who have obtained the certificate of health supervisor) and other health technicians.

　　 (10) A practicing (assistant) physician refers to a person who has obtained a doctor’s practicing certificate and is actually engaged in clinical work, excluding a person who has obtained a doctor’s practicing certificate but is actually engaged in management work.

　　 (11) Registered nurses refer to those who have obtained the certificate of registered nurses and are actually engaged in nursing work, excluding those who have obtained the certificate of practicing nurses but are actually engaged in management work.

　　 (12) The number of health technicians, practicing (assistant) doctors, registered nurses, general practitioners, professional public health institutions and beds in medical and health institutions per thousand population is calculated according to the permanent population.

　　 (13) Life expectancy per capita refers to the average number of years that a new group of people can live if the mortality rate of each age group remains unchanged. The data calculation is based on the life registration data of the National Health and Wellness Commission and the census data of the National Bureau of Statistics.

CCTV News:The China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) announced in official website yesterday (23rd) that it has issued a notice to regulate the product development and design behavior of insurance companies.

The Notice requires that the names of insurance products should be clear and clear, highlighting the liability characteristics of insurance products. The naming of insurance products, product specifications and related product publicity materials shall not contain expressions such as "financial management" and "investment plan". An insurance company shall not design universal insurance products or investment-linked insurance products in the form of additional insurance.

The China Insurance Regulatory Commission will impose administrative penalties on insurance companies that violate the regulations, prohibit the declaration of new products and stop accepting part or all of new business within a certain period of time, and seriously investigate the responsibilities of the company’s general manager, chief actuary and other responsible persons.

　　Today’s telecom fraud is not just a simple trick of sending a text message to inform you of winning the prize, or a "leader" calling you to the office. The Beijing Morning Post reporter took stock of the "nine routines" of telecom fraud to help consumers polish their eyes and see through the scam. Most importantly, today, with the proliferation of personal information disclosure, there must be a string in your heart — — There is no free lunch.

　　Routine one

　　"Your account has abnormal changes in funds."

　　The swindler first stole the victim’s online banking login account and password, and created the illusion that there was money flowing out of the bank card by buying precious metals and changing the current account to a fixed period. Then fake customer service calls to confirm whether the transaction is my operation, and agrees to give the user a refund to defraud the user’s trust. The scammer will once again make the illusion that the funds in the user’s account are returned through the fund transaction inside the account. However, due to the transaction fee, the refund amount is generally smaller than the previous internal transaction amount. Next, the scammer will use the victim’s online banking to transfer money, or open a fast payment operation, and choose the SMS verification code for verification, so that the victim’s mobile phone will receive a verification code message. Finally, the scammer asked the victim to provide the verification code received by his mobile phone immediately on the grounds of limited time refund. Once the victim provided the SMS verification code to the other party, the other party succeeded.

　　How: Almost flawless. The simplest and most effective way is to call the bank’s official customer service phone immediately to verify, and don’t trust any calls that call in and claim to be customer service.

　　Routine 2

　　"You are suspected of breaking the law."

　　"You are suspected of money laundering", "You are suspected of illegal fund-raising" and "You have to bear criminal responsibility for credit overdraft", all of which are the reasons for pretending to be a public security law to commit fraud. This technique is not new, but because it is extremely intimidating, people who don’t understand this kind of fraud are still easy to fall for it. Nowadays, many scammers pretend to be official customer service numbers through the rebranding software, but if the victim really dials back, he can generally see through the scam. There is even an "upgraded version": scammers guide users to place orders by phone on the grounds of giving away free items, and mail them in the form of cash on delivery. If users refuse to sign for express delivery or return goods, scammers will threaten users with the tone of public security law and cheat.

　　How to break it: don’t trust the phone call from strangers easily. If someone says he is suspected of committing a crime, he should first call 110 to ask. Or ask friends and relatives around you, you can usually see through the scam quickly.

　　Routine 3

　　"Your flight XX has been cancelled."

　　Booking airline tickets by mobile phone has become the outlet of online fraud. Liars lied about reasons such as changing the visa and refunding the ticket, guiding people to enter phishing websites, making false numbers, and going into the trap of remittance. "Tencent’s Big Data Report on Anti-Telecommunication Network Fraud in the Second Quarter of 2016" shows that this type of fraud is as high as 44% and has become the mainstream of online fraud. Liars can accurately tell the victim’s name and flight information, and most of them cheat in the name of obtaining compensation for change of visa.

　　How to break it: the business of returning and changing airline tickets is handled through the websites, telephones and service halls of airlines, ticketing agents and other formal channels. Don’t trust any phone calls or text messages, even if they are completely consistent with my information.

　　Routine four

　　"You can apply for a refund if the goods you bought are out of stock."

　　The scammer first fully grasps the online shopping information of the victim, and gains the trust of the victim by accurately describing the shopping information of the victim, and then obtains the bank card number, password and SMS verification code of the victim. Liars sometimes use the phone to get relevant information directly, and sometimes let the victim open the phishing website and fill in the relevant information manually. When the bank card number, password and verification code were leaked at the same time, the swindler successfully transferred the money in the victim’s online banking account.

　　How to break it: In case of abnormal commodity trading or out of stock, you should first consult the official customer service phone number of the shopping website, and don’t trust the person who calls in on his own initiative and claims to be customer service. Online shopping accounts and payment accounts should have separate passwords, and the passwords should be complicated enough to be changed regularly.

　　Routine 5: "Recommend Top Ten Bull Stocks to You"

　　This kind of deception usually collects deposits or deposits from users in the name of learning stock knowledge and recommending stocks, which is especially effective for those new investors who are eager for success. In fact, formal securities companies generally do not provide paid stock recommendation services to shareholders, and they will not charge users a deposit or margin in this name. They usually send photos or pictures of the so-called company’s business license, industrial and commercial certificate or organization code, etc., just call the official customer service of the securities company to ask.

　　How to break it: don’t trust any information about stock recommendation and stock selection, whether it comes from websites, QQ, text messages or telephone calls. It can be verified by calling back the official customer service phone number.

　　Routine 6: "699 yuan free apple 6S"

　　Recently, a new type of fraud case was notified by Hunan police. In the name of "collecting 699 yuan personal income tax and giving away Apple 6S mobile phone and 700 yuan calling card for free", a fraud gang sent fake or damaged mobile phones or mobile phone molds to the victims for fraud. In two months, hundreds of people were defrauded, and the amount of fraud was several hundred thousand yuan.

　　How to break it: fraud in the name of seemingly legal promotion can’t be lucky, and there is no good thing in the sky.

　　Routine 7: "Please receive the newborn allowance in time"

　　Criminals cheat on the grounds of receiving newborn allowance, because they can tell the details of the victim and make the deceived believe it. After obtaining the victim’s bank account, the swindler usually asks the victim to operate at the ATM and enter the English operation interface according to the other party’s "guidance". Because the victims can’t understand the English prompts on the ATM, they often regard the transfer procedure as an input verification code and eventually fall for it.

　　How to break it: don’t trust such calls or text messages, let alone operate at ATM.

　　Routine 8: Replacement of mobile phone cards

　　Recently, the routine of this kind of fraud is usually to bomb the mobile phone with hundreds of spam messages and harassing calls to cover up the reminder message of card replacement service sent by 10086 customer service to the mobile phone number; Then, holding a temporary id card with victim information, he went to the business hall to reissue the mobile phone card, which made the owner’s own mobile phone card passively invalid; Finally, change the password of mobile phone customer service and bank card, and steal the money of bank card bound to mobile APP through SMS verification code.

　　How to break it: commonly used website passwords and customer service passwords are best different from bank passwords and other key business login passwords, and should be revised regularly; For links sent by various numbers, don’t click at will. If you receive a large number of harassing calls or text messages, don’t turn off your phone. You should use mobile phone security software to block the harassing numbers and unbind the bank card immediately. When using public WiFi, try not to log in to the banking APP in your mobile phone or use your mobile phone to transfer money.

　　Routine 9: "Xiao San is pregnant and urgently needs money to have an abortion"

　　This is a type of fraud that has been active for a long time, but recently, a liar who is pregnant and urgently needs money to have an abortion has deceived more than 80 elderly people. Liars make full use of the characteristics of the elderly who are distressed by their sons to lure the victims to transfer money. This is a relatively new means and a constant renovation and improvement of scammers in deception.

　　How to break it: don’t trust the phone call from strangers easily, especially if it is urgent to make a payment.

　　■ Depth

　　1.6 million people are distributed in the black industry chain.

　　Dozens of jobs are interlocking.

　　The drama of telecom fraud is staged every day, and the scripts of fraudsters are constantly being refurbished. Pei Zhiyong, the chief anti-fraud expert of a website, said that telecom fraud has now formed a black industrial chain from the upstream personal information grabbing and selling to fraud and spoiling. What is jaw-dropping is that this chain is becoming more and more industrialized and specialized, the division of labor is becoming more and more detailed, new roles are constantly emerging, and twenty or thirty "jobs" are interlocking.

　　According to the data of a website hunting platform, the scale of information fraud industry in China exceeds 115.2 billion yuan, and there are more than 1.6 million fraudsters. Telecom fraud has been successful many times. Security experts believe that the huge number of telecom fraud, widespread information leakage, perfect industrial chain and systematic training of employees have all become key factors.

　　It is understood that the fraud industry chain is divided into at least four major links: upstream information acquisition, intermediate wholesale sales, public fraud, and finally sharing and selling stolen goods. In these four links, there are many jobs, such as fishing editor, Trojan horse development, library hacker, fishing retailer, domain name dealer, letter wholesaler, bank card dealer, phone card dealer, ID card dealer, telephone fraud manager, SMS agent, online promotion technician, financial accountant, ATM pony, and middleman who divide the stolen goods, and so on, which lead the victims into the trap step by step.

　　Usually, the upstream information acquisition and wholesale sales links make all kinds of preparations, provide technical support and sell personal information. They are not involved in the implementation of specific fraud and are deeply hidden, but they provide criminal tools for telecom fraud, which is no less harmful than fraud gangs. And the implementation of fraud is the most exposed link for the public. They appear in false identities such as public security law, acquaintances, leaders and customer service, and have strong public relations and communication skills. Divide and sell stolen goods. Once the fraud is successful, it will enter the stage of dividing and selling stolen goods. Sometimes, the gang will arrange for the pony to withdraw money from the ATM, and then transfer the stolen money to the middleman who will distribute it to the gang members. Sometimes, gangs will let financial accountants spread the stolen money to multiple online banking accounts, making it more difficult for the police to solve the case and the bank to freeze the accounts.

　　Pei Zhiyong pointed out that there were about 15 types of these jobs at the end of last year, but according to the information currently available, new "jobs" are still emerging. For example, there are actually teaching trainers this year. Some of them are responsible for developing scams, some are responsible for studying business loopholes, some are responsible for editing fraud scripts, and some are doing psychological analysis to design scams specifically for human weaknesses and demands of different groups. The links in these black chains are mutually invisible, which also makes it difficult to solve the case.

　　Author/Beijing Morning Post reporter Jiao Likun

　　 According to South Korean media reports, "Wang’s Man" LEE JOON GI reported to the Lunshan Army Training Institute in Chungcheongnam-do on May 3, preparing to fulfill his two-year military service obligation and leave the Korean entertainment circle temporarily.

　　On May 3rd, at the farewell party held in front of the Lunshan Army Training Institute in Chungcheongnam-do, both the media and fans found that LEE JOON GI had cut the iconic long hair into a standard A Bing Ge hairstyle. It is reported that the process of cutting hair and the mental journey of joining the army will be published in the June issue of a magazine.

　　LEE JOON GI announced earlier that he had received a notice from the Korean Military Affairs Department, ordering him to report to the army on May 3rd. This led to the film Grand Prix starring him and Jin Taixi already finalized, and the SBS TV series Doctor, which cooperated with Kim Hee Seon in the second half of the year, was in a state of confusion and fell into an embarrassing situation.

　　According to South Korean reporters, at present, the Grand Prix has to shoot the heroine Jin Taixi’s personal scene first, and at the same time, it is nervously looking for the leading actor. However, the cast of "Imperial Doctor" has little influence because it has not started yet, but the date of broadcasting has been extended from the end of the year to next year because the candidate for the leading actor has been delayed.

　　On April 29th, LEE JOON GI issued a statement to the outside world through the economic company, apologizing to the film and television producers and working teams affected by its changes, and recognizing the liquidated damages and the pre-paid remuneration. At the same time, he admitted that he received a notice from the Military Affairs Department on the 12th of the 4th warm-up. However, his application for deferral was not approved again. Although he deeply regretted it, he still expressed respect for the decision of the Military Affairs Department to reject the application for replacement. According to Korean media reports, the South Korean Military Affairs Department has recently tightened the check on active men joining the army. The reason is that the Cheonan incident has made the atmosphere of the South Korean military very tense.

　　In addition, before the opening of the Shanghai World Expo, the South Korean government held an appointment ceremony with great fanfare, announcing LEE JOON GI as the ambassador of the Korea Pavilion of the World Expo, but recently forced him to join the army. This oolong made Koreans themselves puzzled and even humiliated the official.

[Movie Network]www.1905.com　Exclusive manuscript, please indicate the source.

For most people, it is only the beginning to mention cars from 4S shops, and the cost of car maintenance in the later period is the big deal. So what I said today can help us save some money in the future. Next, let’s see if its highlights can attract you with Xiaobian.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of Xingyue L. The front design of Xingyue L is very fashionable and looks simple. Coupled with stylish headlights, it has a great visual impact. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Come to the side of the car, the car body size is 4795MM*1895MM*1689MM, the car uses exquisite lines, the side of the car gives people a very sharp feeling, with large-size thick-walled tires, giving people a very elegant feeling. Looking back, the rear of the car looks very cool, and the taillights give people a very fashionable and sporty feeling. Coupled with the unique exhaust pipe, the overall shape is still very attractive.

Coming into the car of Xingyue L, the interior of Xingyue L presents a fashionable and sporty design style, which reflects the sense of design. The steering wheel of the car is eye-catching, made of leather and dignified. Take a look at the central control. The car is decorated with a sharp touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and meets the aesthetic standards of most consumers. Finally, let’s look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard of this car presents a fashionable design style, which is very eye-catching. The car adopts leather seats, which are wrapped in place, exquisite in materials and comfortable to ride.

Equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, Bluetooth key, UWB digital key, rear wiper, interior atmosphere light and other configurations, it has rich functions and greatly improves its convenience.

This car has been introduced almost before, and I believe many users who buy a car have taken a fancy to its comfort and practicality. You must also have a look at this car, which will definitely bring you unexpected surprises.

　　After the development of carburetor, single-point EFI, multi-point EFI and multi-point sequential EFI, many luxury car manufacturers have made progress in the field of direct injection.

　　The direct injection engine is different from the ordinary engine in the fuel injection mode. The fuel is injected into the cylinder directly instead of being mixed with air in the intake manifold. With the accurate calculation of the ECU control unit of the engine, this combustion mode can control the fuel injection amount according to the working conditions of the engine, and the performance, fuel consumption and emissions of the engine can be optimized accordingly.

　　The earliest direct injection system was invented by Bosch Company in 1950s, and was first applied to Mercedes-Benz SL300 in 1955. However, it was gradually forgotten because there was no mainstream development trend at that time. It was not until 1996 that the direct injection gasoline engine reappeared in the market. Mitsubishi Corporation of Japan introduced their GDI direct injection technology into Galant’s 4G93 engine and sold it in the Japanese market. Subsequently, Mitsubishi Carisma equipped with this technology also entered the European market, and today’s "direct injection fever" developed from this.

　　Facing the problems of energy and environment and the development of engines, Volkswagen, Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Cadillac have invested a lot of manpower and material resources to explore new technical fields. In the domestic market, Volkswagen and Audi’s FSI technology has become a star product in this category, but with the arrival of Cadillac’s new CTS, BMW X6xDrive50i and other models, Volkswagen FSI engines have ushered in more competitors. At present, the mainstream models with direct injection technology in the domestic market are only some high-end models, but we have reason to believe that with the development of technology, this technology beneficial to you, me, energy and the environment will be gradually popularized.

New CTS and its SIDI direct injection engine

　　Universal SIDI

　　SIDI all-aluminum dual-mode intelligent direct injection engine adopts universal third-generation direct injection technology. Among them, dual mode refers to homogeneous combustion and stratified combustion. SIDI engine can automatically adopt stratified lean combustion mode when the throttle is half open and automatically enter homogeneous combustion mode when the throttle is full. The automatic conversion of these two modes will directly improve the effective utilization rate of fuel. The method used by general SIDI to realize layering is also different from the eddy current method of Volkswagen, and the controllable oiling process is the key step to realize layering oiling.

　　Representative model: Cadillac CTS3.6L flagship high-performance version

　　Cadillac CTS3.6L flagship high-performance version is equipped with this 3.6LSIDI engine. Compared with the previous generation CTS3.6L engine, the maximum power and torque of this SIDI engine have increased by 15% and 8%, reaching 229kW and 374N·m respectively. Due to the introduction of direct injection technology, the fuel consumption of this engine is also reduced by 3% compared with the previous generation engine, and the hydrocarbon emission is also reduced by 25% during cold start.

　　Volkswagen FSI

Volkswagen FSI has a high reputation in China.

The nozzle of FSI is below the intake pipe, and the nozzle placement of each pair is different.

　　Volkswagen was one of the first manufacturers to introduce direct injection technology into China. Nowadays, FSI (Fuel Ratio Injection) has become a familiar word for consumers. FSI refers to stratified fuel injection, which is a direct injection technology for gasoline engines. At the beginning of FSI, this technology had stratified lean combustion, but it was later cancelled for various reasons, and only the direct injection technology was retained. Audi used vortex effect to realize stratified lean combustion before. Although this technology was cancelled, the remaining direct injection technology also performed well in terms of power and fuel economy. Compared with the traditional engine that directly injects fuel into the intake manifold, the FSI fuel direct injection engine can significantly improve the power, make the output torque and power higher, and reduce the fuel consumption rate by 15%.

　　Representative model: Audi A6L3.2FSI

Audi A6L 3.2 has not only quattro four-wheel drive technology, but also FSI.

　　At present, compared with the previous 3.0LV6 engine, the 3.2LFSIV6 engine equipped on the Audi A6 model has a maximum power of 26kW and a maximum torque of 30N·m and 330N·m, and the fuel efficiency has also been significantly improved. It is a highlight of FSI technology to combine engine power and fuel economy well.

　　Bmw HPI

From this picture, we can clearly see the direct injection technology structure of BMW.

　　Many people don’t know about BMW’s high-precision injection system, HighPrecisionInjection. In fact, it is an integral part of BMW’s EfficientDynamics system and an important part of BMW’s improvement in power and fuel economy. The precise piezoelectric nozzle located between the intake valve and the spark plug can provide a pressure of up to 200Bar to fully atomize gasoline and complete the process of injecting it into the combustion chamber in 0.14 milliseconds, so that the fuel economy pursued by engineers is completely guaranteed. BMW does not add stratified combustion technology to this system, but achieves the purpose of improving fuel consumption rate through fuel atomization.

　　Representative model: BMW X6xDrive50i

BMW X6 xDrive 35i has entered China, and X6 xDrive 50i will meet domestic consumers soon.

　　The X6xDrive50i, which is about to enter the domestic market, is equipped with this direct injection system, and its power performance is also very remarkable because of its dual turbocharging system. Its maximum power is 300kW, its maximum torque is 600N·m, and its comprehensive fuel consumption is 12.5L/100km (it is worth noting that this is the data of a 4.4LV8 twin-turbo engine).

　　Mercedes CGI

The highlight of Mercedes-Benz CGI lies in its high-pressure piezoelectric nozzle technology.

　　Compared with Volkswagen and BMW, Mercedes-Benz’s publicity in this respect is somewhat low-key, but this does not mean that this German company is inferior to its competitors in this respect. Mercedes-Benz has been committed to the research on vehicle power and fuel economy, and CGI (Hierarchical-Charged Line Injection) is their research achievement. In 2006, Mercedes-Benz launched the 350CGI engine, which was the first time to apply the piezoelectric nozzle to the direct injection technology of gasoline engines. Compared with the popular mode of using vortex to produce stratified effect, Mercedes-Benz solves this problem well by using high-pressure piezoelectric nozzle, and forms the required stratified combustion mode by using the spray generated by high pressure. It is also for this reason that this engine effectively reduces fuel consumption by as much as 10% compared with the previous engine.

　　Representative model: Mercedes-Benz CLS350CGI

At present, it seems that Mercedes-Benz CLS 350 CGI has little fate with domestic consumers.

　　The maximum power of ordinary Mercedes-Benz CLS350 is only 200kW, the maximum torque is 350N·m, and the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is 10.1L. Mercedes-Benz CLS350CGI has reached the maximum power of 215kW and the maximum torque of 365N·m, and the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is 9.1L That is to say, after adding CGI technology, the maximum power, maximum torque and fuel consumption rate of the engine have improved by 7.5%, 4.3% and 10% respectively. Therefore, it can be seen that Mercedes-Benz is not inferior in this respect. After the successful appearance of CLS350CGI in 2006, Mercedes-Benz applied this engine to E-CLASS, S-CLASS and other models, but these models have not yet met with domestic consumers.

"Running Man" ("Running Man" for short) was undoubtedly a shining star in the Chinese variety scene. From its first broadcast in 2014 to becoming a source of laughter after countless families’ dinners, "Running Man" has allowed audiences to witness a series of exciting, funny and touching moments. However, recently, another veteran member announced his withdrawal, causing countless fans to sigh. The joining of White Deer and Fan Chengcheng failed to prevent the star’s gradual decline. Is "Running Man" really reaching a bottleneck period?

1. The members withdrew again, causing the fate of the show to rise sharply

It is reported that the announcement of the retirement this time is one of the old members of "Running Man", whose humor and enthusiasm have greatly enhanced the show. The news quickly spread on social media and caused a huge response. Viewers expressed their disappointment and reluctance: "I feel that something is missing from the departure of the old member," one loyal viewer wrote on Weibo. Many people worry that such a change will leave the show with a lack of chemistry and a less natural atmosphere than in the past.

2. The show goes from peak to gradual cooling: there are obvious traces of personnel changes

The success of "Running Man" is no accident. Its core charm lies in the interaction and tacit understanding among the members. However, over time, the original members gradually withdrew and were replaced by fresh faces. However, these new members, although unique, have never been able to completely replace the old members in the hearts of the audience. Fan Chengcheng and Bailu are undoubtedly powerful entertainers, and they also contributed many highlights in the show, but overall, the show seems to have lost its original purity and joy.

3. The charm of old members: the reluctance of the audience

The veteran, who has announced his retirement, has become a classic in the hearts of audiences over the years of "Running Man." Every time he appears, he always provokes a burst of laughter and applause. His unique sense of humor and affinity make him a "seagogue needle" in the show. Audiences have deep feelings for these familiar faces, so when they leave, it is not just a blow to the show, but a test of audience emotions.

4. Bailu and Fan Chengcheng: Fresh blood is not enough to save established shows

The production team of "Running Man" had hoped to inspire new vitality by introducing young idols such as Bai Lu and Fan Chengcheng. Bai Lu won the love of many fans with his bright personality and solid acting skills; Fan Chengcheng’s addition also added a lot of freshness and excitement to the show. However, it turns out that relying solely on the personal charm of the new members is not enough to fully make up for the vacancy caused by the departure of the old members. In the face of huge variety show market competition, such adjustments seem to be a drop in the bucket.

5. The talent turnover of variety shows: a hidden concern that cannot be ignored

The replacement of artists is the norm in the entertainment industry, but for a long-running variety show, the frequent change of core members is undoubtedly a huge challenge. On the one hand, new members need time to break in with the show, and on the other hand, the audience also needs time to accept and like these new faces. However, when the audience has become accustomed to the existence of old members, the addition of new members often brings discomfort and resistance, rather than expectation and joy.

6. Social media reverberations: Audience calls for authenticity

On social media, many viewers expressed concern about the current state of the show: "I hope the program team can plan the lineup of members more stably and in the long run, and do not treat the audience’s emotions as child’s play." Such voices reflect the audience’s appeal for the production idea of the show – hoping to maintain the original style and characteristics of the show, rather than changing frequently to meet the rapidly changing needs of the market.

7. The future of Running Man: How to regain lost luster

How to maintain the vitality of the show through the replacement of new and old members is a major challenge for the production team of "Running Man". Perhaps through more careful planning and production, the new members can build a deep emotional bond with the old audience, which is the key to the resurgence of "Running Man". Variety shows need freshness, but more importantly, they need a stable core team to support their long-term development.

8. Implications for the entire variety show industry

The phenomenon of "Running Man" has also triggered deep reflection on the entire variety show industry. Will frequent member changes have a negative impact on the overall quality of the show? Does the high mobility of stars mean that the life cycle of variety shows will be shortened? These are all questions that need to be reflected and discussed by industry insiders.

9. Rise and Fall: The Reality of the Variety Show Life Cycle

Every variety show has its own life cycle, from the initial novelty and popularity to the gradual lackluster and fall back, which is an inevitable process. The key lies in how to continuously innovate and debug during this process to maintain the audience’s interest and attention. For "Running Man", how to regain the lost innocence and enthusiasm will be the key to whether it can continue to attract audiences in the future.

10. Conclusion: Audience expectations and future prospects

Although "Running Man" faces many challenges, we still hope that it can rediscover the happy time that once accompanied countless audiences through continuous adjustment and innovation. After all, a successful variety show is not only a stage for stars, but also the emotional sustenance of the audience. I hope that in the days to come, we can continue to see the infinite joy and surprises that "Running Man" brings to us on the screen.

In this case, viewers must be patient and continue to support their favorite shows and stars. Mindful production and audience engagement may be the key factors that will make "Running Man" work out of its predicament.

Responsible editor:

　　Recently, the General Manager’s Office of the Central Radio and Television General Station officially authorized Yangguang Media Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Yangguang Media Group") to exclusively operate the broadcast frequency live stream of the General Station in the car networking system. This means that the existing radio frequencies owned, controlled and managed by the main station and the new radio frequencies in the future must be connected to the car-playing service (including live broadcast and delayed listening) through the "cloud listening" car system or through cooperation with Yangguang Media Group.

　　"Cloud Listening" is a new national 5G sound media platform launched by the Central Radio and Television General Station (hereinafter referred to as "the General Station") in March 2020. It is the only audio client under the General Station and bears the important mission of the strategic transformation and integration of the General Station’s broadcasting.

　　"Cloud Listening" began to lay out intelligent networked automobile business from the beginning of its launch, and jointly developed car networking products with mainstream automobile manufacturers and solution providers to meet the different listening needs of users in travel scenarios.

　　"Cloud Listening" leads the industry standard with high-quality content, and promotes the standardization of the mobile audio market. It continues to lay out multi-terminal and full-application scenarios such as mobile phones, cars, tablets and smart wearable devices, and provides users with high-quality sound products and services such as radio stations, audio books and audio programs.

　　This exclusive operation authorization will have a far-reaching impact on the standardized development of the intelligent networked automobile industry. In the future, only through the cooperation of "Yunting" or Yangguang Media Group can the live broadcast stream of the main station broadcast frequency be connected to the car networking system of the car brand and the after-loading car networking system developed by the after-loading product company, which is expected to end the situation that the radio station of the car networking system was used indiscriminately in the past and ensure the car owners to enjoy the rights and interests of safe and standardized content services.

　　In recent years, the main station has continuously increased its efforts in the protection and management of copyright assets, standardized the copyright market and communication order of the Internet audio-visual industry, and made full use of its own content copyright advantages to support the independent platform to become stronger and bigger. As early as 2019, the General Station issued the "Statement of the Central Radio and Television General Station on Strengthening the Protection of Copyright Assets", which clarified the copyright scope of the General Station, and said that it would strengthen the monitoring and maintenance of its copyright assets, take all effective measures according to law, and resolutely crack down on any infringement of the legitimate rights and interests of the copyright assets of the General Station.

　　The person in charge of "Yunting" said that the next step will be to continuously strengthen the platform construction, make full use of, develop and operate the audio content resources of the main station, organically combine copyright protection and operation, extend the audio content value of the main station, and enhance its influence, communication and market value. At the same time, it will give full play to the advantages of the new media platform of the main station with an open and integrated attitude, accelerate the cooperation process with car manufacturers and solution providers, promote the signing cooperation with radio stations all over the country, and provide high-quality broadcast live streaming and audio products and services for car companies and car owners.