On the basis of the curtain call, [Car History] released the next generation development blueprint-Mazda. Although its launch does not mean that the next generation of mazda 6 is approaching, at least it shows us the figure of the next generation of mazda 6, and at the same time accelerates the research and development speed of the next generation of mazda 6. While this brand-new concept car is released, let’s take a look at what the course of mazda 6 is like.

Naming of mazda 6: Capella(616 618 626)/Atenza (mazda 6)

　　In the same way, in the decades of mazda 6’s development, it also adopted various naming methods, including Mazda 616, 618 and 626 and today’s mazda 6. In Japan, Mazda 616, 618 and 626 (before 2002) were named Capella, and mazda 6 after 2002 was named Atenza.

Research and Development Background of the First Generation mazda 6: Launched as a Mazda Global Strategic Model.

　　After the release of the first Mazda brand model Familia (the predecessor of Mazda 3) in 1960, Mazda brand entered a stage of rapid development. At that time, Familia series and Capella series were two important global strategic models in Mazda’s family tree. The former was built into a successful "family model" by Mazda, while the latter was put into production from 1970 to 2002, with a slightly higher positioning than Familia, and was mainly engaged in sports, and later transformed into an intermediate model.

● The First Generation Mazda Capella(616/618):1970-1974
　　Main sports:,

　　In May, 1970, the first generation of Mazda Capella was born in Japan. At the same time, in 1971, this model was introduced to overseas markets. In overseas, this model was called Mazda 616, and the last 16 represents that it adopted a 1.6L displacement. In the past, it adopted the power layout of front and rear drive, and it has two-door and four-door versions.

　　In terms of design, the first generation Capella has obvious American characteristics, and its slender body and rough style look like an authentic American car. It is precisely because of its very American shape that when Mazda introduced this model to the global market in 1971, it received very good results, including 63,389 vehicles sold in 1971, 57,748 vehicles sold in 1972 and 54,962 vehicles sold in 1973. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the first generation Mazda 616 sedan version reached 4150mm, 1580mm and 1420mm respectively, which was 2470mm, equivalent to the size of the compact car now.

　　In terms of power carrying, in addition to the above-mentioned 1.6L engine with a maximum of 104 horsepower and a maximum of 144 Nm, in October 1970, Mazda also added a 1.5L engine with a maximum power of 78 horsepower and a maximum torque of 118 Nm. In 1971, Mazda also introduced a 1.8L 618 model to cater to the American automobile market which prefers large displacement. The maximum power of this engine is. However, this model did not get much recognition in the American market. In 1973, Mazda stopped selling Mazda 618, and after that, only its RX-2 with rotary engine was left in the American market. The engine is matched with 4 speeds.

　　In fact, the rotor engine mentioned above can be said to be a patent of Mazda. Mazda, which is famous for its rotor engine, developed into its heyday from 1970 to 1973. Naturally, Mazda also introduced the Mazda Capella model with rotor engine. The rotary engine code 12A is specially designed for Capella. Its displacement is 573ml*2, its maximum power is 120 HP, and its maximum torque is 160 Nm. After being mounted on Mazda Capella, its maximum speed can reach 190 km/h, and it takes 15.7 seconds to complete the acceleration from 0 to 400 meters. Capella equipped with rotor engine is also exported to overseas markets including the United States, which is called Mazda RX-2.

""Click to view the development history of Mazda rotor series models ""

● The Second Generation Mazda Capella(616/618):1974-1978
　　Little change compared with the first generation/the development of rotary engine has entered a trough.

　　In February 1974, Mazda Capella ushered in a replacement. In fact, it is more appropriate to say that it is a big change than a replacement, because compared with the previous generation, the whole model has not changed much, but the front face of the appearance and the dashboard of the interior have been simply designed, while the power is still the rotor, 1.6L and 1.8L engines of the previous generation, and the 1.5L engine has been discontinued.

　　In terms of appearance change, the front face of the second-generation Mazda Capella has added more chrome decoration, and the lower bumper has also become a new design. In terms of vehicle size, only the length has increased by 110mm to 4260mm, and other dimensions have not changed. In addition, in the interior, the dashboard part is designed with four consecutive circles.

　　In 1976, in order to cope with the automobile exhaust emission regulations promulgated in the 51st year of Showa, Japan (1976), the second generation Mazda Capella also made changes in the same year, and introduced the AP models with rotary engine and 1.8L engine respectively, where AP means Anti-Pollution. In the nine years since the first and second generation Mazda Capella were launched, Capella has sold a total of 225,003 vehicles in Japan.

　　It is worth mentioning that after the heyday of Mazda’s rotary engine in 1973, Mazda, which originally intended to fully promote the rotary engine technology, encountered a global oil crisis in 1973. The shortage of gasoline supply made most car owners stay away from rotary engines (disadvantages of rotary engines: high fuel consumption and high manufacturing cost). Therefore, the sales performance of Mazda brand has entered an unprecedented low point. In 1977, Toyo Industry (the original company name of Mazda Automobile), which was caught in a business crisis, reorganized its corporate structure with the intervention of banking institutions. At the same time, Matsuda Gengping abdicated and Yamazaki Yoshiki took over as president.

　　[car home Information] During the Chengdu Auto Show, the team in front of car home learned from the Extreme Yue booth that Extreme Yue 01 is expected to be listed in the fourth quarter. The new car is positioned as a pure electric medium and large SUV and built based on the vast architecture of SEA. It is a brand-new brand jointly built by Geely and Baidu. It is officially defined as "strategic cooperation project of automobile robots". The first model, Ji Yue 01, is the successor of Jidu (|) that we reported before. For reference, the previous limited edition of ROBO-01 lunar exploration was priced at 399,800 yuan.

　　In terms of appearance, the new car is basically the same as the centralized ROBO-01, with a closed grille design and a T-shaped headlight group, and the overall sense of science and technology is full. The split shape is adopted between the hood and the front enclosure, adding more details and exquisiteness to the front face. In addition, the new car is equipped with two lidar, multiple cameras with 8 million high-definition pixels, and there are 31 sensors in the whole car.

　　The side of the car body is designed with a suspended roof and a hidden door handle. The side skirt part is pulled upward to tighten the side of the car body, so that the whole car has a simple appearance and a muscular posture. The length/width/height of the car body are 4853/1990/1611mm and the wheelbase is 3000mm respectively. The tail uses a penetrating taillight, and the overall shape is very simple. Its trunk space reaches 555L, which can be extended to 1528L after the seat is laid down.

　　The interior part is also simple in design, with a flat-bottomed steering wheel and a 35.6-inch penetrating central control panel. ROBO-01 comes standard with 8295 chip, the fourth generation digital cockpit platform of Snapdragon in Qualcomm. Qualcomm 8295 is the first car-gauge chip with mass production process of 5nm, with AI computing power of 30TOPS OPS, which is nearly 8 times higher than the previous generation, and supports immersive 3D interaction. In addition, the new car is equipped with the latest intelligent technology of Baidu Apollo, and cooperates with NVIDIA Orin X intelligent driving chip.

　　In terms of power, the new car will provide single-motor and dual-motor versions. The maximum power of the single motor is 200kW, and the maximum power of the two motors of the dual-motor version is also 200kW. The new car will use Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited 100kWh battery, with a battery life of up to 600km. The maximum power of the dual motors is 400kW, and the acceleration time of 0-100km/h is 3.9s s.. (Compile/car home Guo Chen)

On August 1st, the movie "Catch the Doll", with the excellent performances of Shen Teng and Mary, successfully broke through 2.4 billion at the box office, which injected vitality into the recently slightly deserted movie market. The success of this film is largely due to the re-engagement of the golden combination of "Shen Ma+Yan Fei Peng Damo". In the process of constructing the universe of Xihong City, directors Yan Fei and Peng Damo have already proved their strength through goodbye mr. loser and The Richest Man in Xihong City. These works are all from their hands, and they have also won a win-win situation for Mahua FunAge in word of mouth and box office. Back in 2003, Beijing Free Element Film and Television Culture Communication Co., Ltd., the predecessor of Mahua FunAge, was founded by three young people with different backgrounds, including Yu Kai of Chinese Department of Peking University, You Liang Tian of Chinese Opera, and entrepreneur Zhang Chen. At first, they tried to adapt the novel into a TV series, but it failed because of the influence of SARS. Subsequently, You Liang Tian turned to the field of drama, and released his first work, I’ll give you a twist if you want to eat it. Although it was initially challenged by the box office, it finally found its own audience in Haidian Theater with its unique style and word-of-mouth fermentation, and Mahua FunAge became famous.

The addition of actors such as Shen Teng, Allen, Wei Xiang, Song Yang and Du Xiaoyu further enriched the cast of Mahua FunAge, and many of them joined through internal recommendation, forming a stable team foundation. Mary, in particular, attracted the attention of Peng Damo for her outstanding performance in the small theater, and eventually became an indispensable member of Mahua FunAge.

The turning point of Mahua FunAge appeared on the stage of the Spring Festival Evening. The skits written and directed by Yan Fei and Peng Damo, especially the role of "Hao Jian" played by Shen Teng, gradually made the team members familiar to the national audience. Despite the enormous pressure of the Spring Festival Gala, the Mahua FunAge team boarded the Spring Festival Gala for many years with unremitting efforts and unique creativity, which not only enhanced its popularity, but also promoted the development of its members’ personal careers, and Shen Teng became an important figure in China comedy movies.

In 2015, goodbye mr. loser, the first work of Mahua FunAge’s transitional film industry, was a great success, which not only verified the feasibility of adapting drama into film, but also opened a new chapter in Mahua FunAge’s film. Subsequent works, such as The Richest Man in Xihong City, faced with speculation about the change of creative team, but Yan Fei and Peng Damo still insisted on their own creative rhythm and style and continued to introduce popular works.

Looking at the development of Mahua FunAge, from the initial exploration to becoming the backbone of comedy, it is inseparable from the tacit cooperation of the core team and the continuous exploration of comedy art. Whether it’s a stage play or a movie, Mahua FunAge always maintains the pursuit of quality and respect for the audience, and continues to bring laughter to the audience.

In the development of science and technology, the automobile industry has always been at the forefront, and advanced technology will be the first to arm cars, which has attracted the attention of many consumers. Today, this car is very distinctive. Let’s take a look at it together.

First of all, from the appearance, the front design of Jetway X95 is very sharp, and with the three-position air intake grille, it looks more fashionable and atmospheric. Then the fashionable headlight design is adopted, and the visual effect is not bad. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4858 mm * 1925 mm * 1780 mm. The car adopts soft lines, which gives people a very elegant feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it gives people a very eye-catching feeling. In the rear part, the overall shape of the rear echoes the front of the car, and the taillights give people a very simple feeling. Together with the unique exhaust pipe, it is still relatively angular in general.

In terms of interior, the interior looks very elegant and the overall shape is remarkable. The steering wheel of the car is eye-catching, made of leather, and everything looks very avant-garde. From the central control point of view, the car is equipped with a touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and meets the aesthetic standards of most consumers. Let Xiaobian introduce the dashboard and seats. The car is equipped with a young and fashionable dashboard, and the shape has taken the sports route. The car uses imitation leather seats, equipped with functions such as electric seat adjustment and seat proportion tilting, and the comfort is acceptable.

The Jetway X95 is matched with a wet dual clutch (DCT) gearbox, with a maximum power of 145KW and a maximum torque of 290N.m, with good power performance.

The space performance of Jetway X95 trunk is OK. If there are big items during the trip, you can put down the rear seats to expand the space. In addition, the car is equipped with anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), braking force distribution (EBD), traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), main driver airbag, co-pilot airbag, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

After reading this car, I believe you have a general understanding. The car introduced today is not only eye-catching in space, but also has reached the mainstream level in various configurations, and there is nothing to be picky about driving experience and space experience.

On November 15th, Guoya was officially listed at Guangzhou Auto Show. The guiding price of V6 version is 1.4 million yuan, and that of V8 version is 1.8 million yuan. The new car is equipped with a straight waterfall net, and the side of the car is decorated with a large number of chrome trim strips. The overall outline is similar to that of Bentley Feichi, and the length of the car is over 5.3 meters, which is larger than Bentley Feichi. Adopt China independent V6 TD/V8 TD+ independent electronic control system+intelligent four-wheel drive system, and support active steering of 18 rear wheels.

The audience said that Guoya’s gas field, configuration and texture are full, and the new car will be the pride of the country after it is equipped with the state guest team in the future.

Hongqi Guoya adopts a two-color body design, incorporating more rounded lines, using a unique hollowed-out design in the front enclosure, with a raised chrome decoration in the middle of the hood, and a lifting red flag brand logo on the front of the car, which supports lighting. The window is decorated with chrome, and there is a chrome-plated decorative strip under the door.

The interior details of Hongqi Guoya car adopt Chinese style design elements, and are equipped with the same auxiliary ring horn as the early Hongqi. The new car is equipped with a flexible scroll central control panel, a row of physical buttons below the central control panel, and a gear shifting mechanism. The car is decorated with a large number of solid wood plaques and equipped with double frames. The steering wheel is inlaid with sunflower LOGO in the middle, and the whole system comes standard with L2-level assisted driving.

The maximum power of Hongqi Guoya 3.0T HEV model is 290kW, and that of 4.0T HEV model is 360kW, matching with 8AT gearbox, with fuel consumption of 8.2L/100km and 8.8L/100km per 100km.

It’s a medium-sized model. I wonder how much you know about it. Let’s take a look at its performance.

First of all, from the appearance, the shape of the head of Haval’s second-generation big dog looks very round and sporty. Headlights are concise, and many interesting details can be seen from them. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Come to the car side, the car body size is 4705MM*1908MM*1780MM, the car uses simple lines, the car body looks very simple, with large-sized thick-walled tires, it looks full of sports. In the design of the rear end, the overall shape of the rear end of Haval’s second-generation big dog echoes the front end, the taillights are very round, and the unique exhaust pipe creates a good gas field.

Sitting in the car, the interior looks very fashionable and simple, and the overall design is very cold. The steering wheel of this car is very comfortable, and it is equipped with the functions of manual steering wheel up and down+front and rear adjustment, steering wheel heating, etc., which gives people a bright feeling. Let’s take a look at the central control. The car is equipped with a touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and looks sporty. Let Xiaobian introduce the dashboard and seats. The car is equipped with a cool dashboard, which is very eye-catching. The car adopts imitation leather seats, which are wide and thick and comfortable.

Haval second-generation big dog is matched with wet dual clutch (DCT) gearbox, with maximum power of 175KW and maximum torque of 385N.m, with good power performance.

Next, look at the configuration. The Haval second-generation big dog is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, Bluetooth key, rear wiper, engine start and stop and other configurations.

OK！ Next, let’s sum up. The model class introduced today is the most considered class when many people buy their first car, mainly because the size of this class is moderate and the price is reasonable.

　　Recently, Curtis Baldwin, a former foreign teacher of EF Education, an English training institution, was accused of sexually exploiting 12-year-old students in China.

　　Baldwin has been sued in the United States. On October 23rd, Weibo account @ EF Education issued a statement saying that Baldwin was dismissed in November 2019 for violating EF’s code of conduct for employees, and he immediately returned to the United States. The following month, the parents of a former student contacted EF Education and told them that Baldwin might have violated the law in contacting the student through social media in the United States. With the consent of parents, EF North American staff reported the case to the relevant US departments within one week.

　　The statement did not disclose why Baldwin violated the employee code.

　　In response to this matter, on the afternoon of 23rd, the public relations staff of EF Education Shanghai Headquarters responded to The Paper that Curtis Baldwin worked in EF from 2014 to 2019 as an English teacher. In November 2019, EF Education received a complaint against foreign teacher Baldwin, and the company immediately suspended him. The complaint has nothing to do with this case.

　　Regarding the content of the complaint, the publicist did not disclose it, saying that during Baldwin’s tenure, all classrooms of EF were equipped with security monitoring probes.

　　On 23rd, an expert on juvenile protection told The Paper that sexual exploitation is a kind of sexual assault in China’s current law, but the relevant provisions of the law are not comprehensive, for example, there is no provision for perpetrators to sexually exploit minors through the Internet.

　　Ef’s former foreign teacher was accused of sexually exploiting and spreading child pornography.

　　According to the contents of the indictment released by official website, the United States Department of Justice, on October 5th, 47-year-old Curtis Baldwin pleaded guilty in front of David Rush, the chief district judge of the United States, and he confessed to being accused of sexually exploiting minors and receiving and disseminating child pornography.

　　According to the indictment, the suspect Curtis Baldwin, from Springfield, Missouri, worked as an English teacher in EF Education China and left EF Education on November 20, 2019. After returning to Springfield, he contacted a 12-year-old female student who had previously taught in China through WeChat. According to the indictment, Baldwin threatened the girl by publishing naked videos.

　　In addition, according to the indictment, on March 10, 2020, federal agents executed a search warrant at Baldwin’s residence. A number of items were seized, and it was found that Baldwin’s Apple) MacBook Pro laptop contained child pornography files, including several videos of underage women in China having explicit sex.

　　According to the indictment, Baldwin may face at least 15 years in prison according to federal law. The case was filed by Ami Harshad Miller, an assistant U.S. attorney.

　　On 23rd, Lv Xiaoquan, a lawyer of Beijing Qian Qian Law Firm, told The Paper that the term "sexual exploitation" comes from the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the concept is not directly put forward in China’s current laws, but the indecency and rape of children, the introduction, organization and forcing of minors to engage in prostitution, the production, publication, dissemination and reproduction of child pornography and the pornographic performances of children in the Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) all belong to "sexual exploitation".

　　Niu Shuaishuai, director of the International Cooperation Department of Beijing Youth Legal Aid and Research Center, pointed out that there are many forms of child sexual exploitation, including child pornography, child sexual seduction, child prostitution and sexual extortion against children. Compared with sexual abuse of children, the word "exploitation" contains the meaning of "transaction", that is, there is some form of material or other immaterial transaction between the victim and the perpetrator or the third person.

　　Niu Shuaishuai told The Paper that in China’s current laws, sexual exploitation is a kind of sexual assault, but the relevant provisions of the law are not comprehensive, for example, there is no provision for perpetrators to sexually exploit minors through the Internet.

　　Girl protection expert: There are more and more cyber sexual assaults, so sex education should be strengthened.

　　The Paper noted that @ EF Education announced in its statement on October 23rd that the parents of the student had contacted the company, and informed that Baldwin had contacted the student through social media in the United States, and there might be illegal acts in communication. With the consent of parents, EF North American staff reported the case to the relevant US departments within one week.

　　Xu Hao, vice chairman of Beijing Zhongyi Public Welfare Foundation and member of the fund management committee of the "Girl Protection" public welfare project, said in an interview with The Paper that in this incident, the girl’s parents contacted EF Education after seeing the information, which is very correct and worth learning.

　　Xu Hao said that at present, there are more and more sexual assaults on the Internet. For example, sex-related activities in the form of videos, pictures, voices, and words can be regarded as sexual assaults on minors.

　　Faced with this phenomenon, Xu Hao said that parents need to strengthen supervision and teach their children how to prevent sexual assault. "Parents should pay attention to what their children are doing online and consciously help them identify what is harmful and inaccessible."

　　Xu Hao said that parents can set up interception software for their children’s daily computer and mobile phone terminals. In addition, in terms of sex education, parents should correctly guide their children, not "talk about sex change", and learn to distinguish which behaviors involve sexual induction.

　　Niu Shuaishuai suggested that on the issue of sexual abuse and exploitation of minors, the most important thing is to prevent the occurrence of such incidents, and to nip the bud of crime in the beginning by strengthening sex education. Niu Shuaishuai mentioned that Article 40 of the newly revised Law on the Protection of Minors stipulates that schools and kindergartens should carry out sex education suitable for minors, which is a major breakthrough in sex education for minors in the Law on the Protection of Minors.

　　In addition, Niu Shuaishuai suggested that an information inquiry system for criminals such as sexual assault, abuse, trafficking and violent injury should be established at the national level, and free inquiry services should be provided to units that are in close contact with minors, such as educational institutions.

From the perspective of body modeling, the feeling of this car is still so simple. The visual impact of the car continues the family design concept. The front face looks calm, and the headlights on both sides look quite simple. After the headlights are lit, they look very energetic. The side waist is still the unique line design of the public, and the enchanting figure is vividly displayed! Contribute to the outstanding shape. In the modeling part of the rear, LaVida adopts many popular design elements, and the taillight group also has a certain sense of advanced.

As far as the interior of the car is concerned, LaVida is warmer. The large plastic coverage of the plastic steering wheel brings a good sense of luxury. Soft plastic materials are used above the console, which greatly enhances the grade sense of the whole vehicle. The 8.0-inch display screen is simple in screen design, but fully functional. The front row is also equipped with manual air conditioning control system, which can freely debug the most comfortable space atmosphere. Leather seats give passengers just the right support and soft and comfortable touch.

LaVida has a car length of 4561mm, a car body width of 1740mm and a wheelbase of 2651mm, which is quite satisfactory. In the same class, LaVida’s wheelbase ranks 14th. As a compact car, its body size does not occupy much advantage in its class, and its internal seating space is only basically enough. After all, it is limited by the length and shape of the body. The design of skylight also increases the subjective space feeling of front and rear passengers. Among the models of the same price and class, LaVida’s trunk volume ranks seventh. The storage space in the car is quite satisfactory and basically sufficient. The interior space of the luggage compartment is relatively regular, with very good longitudinal depth and high expansibility, and the space performance is generally ideal.

LaVida’s new 1.5L automatic version uses a 1.5 engine, with a maximum horsepower of 110 and a peak torque of 141, matching the automatic manual transmission (AT). It will definitely bring unforgettable control charm. Ranked third among compact car models with more than 800,000.

LaVida’s active/passive safety configuration is complete, includingAutomatic parking、Zero tire pressure endurance tire、Automatic parking、Steep slope descent、hill start assist control、knee airbag、HUD head-up display、Anti-lock braking (ABS)、Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)、Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)、Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)、Active noise reduction、Engine start and stop、Side safety air curtain、Wireless charging of mobile phone、night vision system、LED daytime running lights、Forward reversing radar、Tire pressure monitoring、Steering wheel heating、Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)、Rear reversing radar、Fatigue reminder、Remote parking、Child seat interface、Lane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

In order to get a more comprehensive and objective understanding of LaVida, you can go to the LaVida forum and browse the messages of users who have bought the car in history.

Dongfeng Warrior officially announced the pre-sale price of 917 Jiaolong Armor and its enhanced version of Jiaolong Armor Max, which were 768,000 yuan and 868,000 yuan respectively, 130,300 yuan higher than that of ordinary extended-range models. The new car uses a large number of aviation-grade carbon fiber materials, which makes the carbon fiber coverage rate of the whole car reach 22.3%, and the body size has also increased. The model is painted in desert storm yellow, and the silver roof contrasts, showing a more domineering shape than the tank 800.

The appearance of 917 Xiaolong armor has been significantly upgraded, including replacing it with a straight waterfall-type middle net, increasing the air intake area, adding two raised ridges to the machine cover, and the front and rear wheel covers are made of carbon fiber and equipped with round cake-type closed wheels. The car side retains the traditional door handle design, and adds side boxes and storage racks, and the roof is equipped with an expansion platform. The tail design includes split taillights and full-size AT spare wheel frame.

In terms of interior, 917 Xiaolong Armor is equipped with a 12.3-inch suspended LCD instrument, a 15.6-inch suspended touch control panel and a 12.3-inch passenger entertainment screen, equipped with four multi-function steering wheels, streaming rearview mirrors, leather stitching seats, physical function buttons and traditional air conditioning outlets. The central armrest box, door panel and center console are decorated with a large number of carbon fiber cover plates, highlighting the identity of its high-performance car.

In terms of power system, the maximum power of 917 Jiaolong armor range extender reaches 145kW, the total motor power is 600kW, and the peak torque is as high as 1050 N m. Matching the Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited ternary lithium battery pack of 65.8kWh, the CLTC has a pure battery life of 200km and a comprehensive battery life of 1026km. The new car also comes standard with a T-MAX professional electric winch, which can provide a pulling force of up to 12,500 pounds and enhance the off-road capability.

On the evening of December 27, the Long March 5 remote three carrier rocket was successfully launched. Guo Wenbin/photo

　　Qian Xuesen, known as the father of China Aerospace, once said: If scientific experiments can be successful every time, then why experiment? After setbacks and failures, we will become smarter.

　　The "Phoenix Nirvana" trip of the Long March 5 is the best example at present.

　　Two years ago, the second launch of the Long March 5 was defeated. This news hung over the hearts of Chinese people like a haze, and once caused doubts. Today, the largest rocket in China has been reborn for more than 900 days, and it has gone out again.

　　On December 27th, the Long March 5 started its third flight at Wenchang Space Launch Site, accompanied by a roar that shook the mountains. A dazzling flame surrounded the big rocket and flew out of the sky. In the end, the mission was declared successful, and this big rocket was dormant for two years, and finally it was proud!

　　Behind the soaring, it can be described as "twists and turns". In the words of Long Lehao, academician of China Academy of Engineering and chief designer of Long March series rockets of the First Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, "Failure is almost success, and success is almost failure" — — Over the past two years, more than 900 days and nights, China astronauts dare not take it lightly every moment.

　　Soul-stirring 2 hours and 43 minutes

　　Long March 5 is a rocket destined to be extraordinary from birth, which has entrusted too many people’s dreams and long-cherished wishes. For a long time, when it comes to the development of a certain technology or a certain field in China, people have become accustomed to using "big but not strong" to describe it. But aerospace is breaking this statement, and the first punch to break this statement is the Long March 5 — — It is equivalent to the admission ticket of a "space power". Its development difficulty can be imagined.

　　As early as 1986, the demonstration of a new generation of launch vehicles was carried out in China. Since the mid-1990s, the research on a new generation of rocket engines has been put on the agenda. In 2016, a new generation of big rockets developed after 30 years of demonstration — — The first flight of Long March 5 was successful, which attracted much attention.

　　However, behind the success of the first flight, there was also an episode of "almost failure".

　　Hu Xudong was the commander of the first flight mission 01 of the Long March 5. He still remembers that it was November 3, 2016, and the launch time was postponed from 18: 00 to 20: 43. In the meantime, it experienced six suffocating time resets, and even faced the test that the launch mission was forced to cancel.

　　People who watched the launch thus remembered the special moment of "near misses" and gained a somewhat more intuitive understanding of this rocket, which kicked off the era of China Grand Carrier.

　　When the time was set back to 17: 30 on the same day, the atmosphere in the test hall suddenly became tense, and hundreds of scientific and technological personnel looked at the big screen together — — The rocket "has a fever" because the primary circulation precooling pump of the rocket can’t be started normally. At the moment, the temperature displayed on the big screen is 238K, which is much higher than the take-off standard of 110K … …

　　According to Hu Xudong’s recollection, at this time, the mission headquarters decided that if the pre-cooling effect of the engine could not meet the launch conditions by 19: 30, the propellant leakage procedure would be started and the launch mission would be cancelled.

　　At 19: 28, there were only two minutes left from the "bottom line", the engine temperature dropped to a predetermined value, and the rocket successfully "cooled down".

　　"Set the ignition time to 20: 40." Hu Xudong exhaled a sigh of relief greatly. However, even at the last minute before the launch, emergencies have occurred again and again.

　　At 20: 40, only one minute left before the final launch, Hu Xudong just issued the password of "1 minute preparation", and suddenly heard Wei Kang, the commander of the control system, issue "the most awesome password in China’s space history": "01, stop launching!"

　　"What’s the matter?"

　　At this moment, Hu Xudong involuntarily stood up and blurted out 1.

　　Ten seconds before the launch, Hu Xudong began to count down, and suddenly he received a request from Wei Kang "Please wait a moment".

　　"Stop the launch!" Hu Xudong stopped emission process, and once again organized the troubleshooting. The problem was finally solved.

　　The "ignition" password was finally issued and the rocket took off.

　　Behind the cheers, astronauts including Hu Xudong began to sort out and analyze the launch data, and they had to face 630,000 original data — — These are related to whether China Rocket can still "turn the corner" next time.

　　Guess the beginning but not the ending.

　　Long Lehao was on the scene for the first two launch missions of Long March 5. One of his obvious feelings is that although the first launch mission was successful, the "stumbling" three hours before takeoff seems to be more touching. He said: "This is inevitable. After all, this is a brand-new rocket and the situation is too complicated."

　　Accordingly, the second launch, for many people at the scene, "was originally very smooth." "Before taking off, it was not as thrilling as the Long March 5 Yaoyi (the first flight mission, reporter’s note, the same below)." Long Lehao said that the launch site of Yaoer was "much calmer" and "much better" in the first few minutes.

　　At that time, he was still thinking, "This may be the first tortuous experience, exposing some problems, and then doing a lot of improvement work, having experience and a relatively stable mentality."

　　Indeed, after the Long March 5 took off from Wenchang Space Launch Site for the second time, everything was normal in the first few minutes. But after flying for more than 300 seconds, the problem appeared.

　　"All of a sudden, the flight curve of [Long March 5] is not quite right … …” In the test hall of Wenchang Space Launch Site, Long Lehao saw from the big screen that the curve was not going up in their predetermined direction, but was "falling" down.

　　His mind is tight: the flight curve falls, which means that the rocket is gradually losing thrust. If the thrust is not enough, the rocket will have no acceleration and will not be able to overcome the gravity field.

　　"At that time, I had a presentiment that ‘ It’s over ’ This launch is going to fail … …” Long Lehao said.

　　The measuring hall was silent.

　　A monitoring team member at the scene told reporters that their hearts, like the flight curve on the big screen, "kept falling", and many people silently shed tears.

　　That night, Xinhua News Agency released the news of mission failure.

　　"This result is what no one wants to see." Long Lehao said that he soon told himself that the failure of scientific experiments was inevitable. What we need to do now is how to find out the cause of the failure as soon as possible, take measures, try to go around as soon as possible, and prove once again that our rocket is trustworthy with practical actions.

　　That night, when Long Lehao left the test hall, he didn’t have much communication with the space junior on the spot. But he believes that these young astronauts have the ability to withstand the pressure. "Now it does seem that they are not overwhelmed by difficulties — — Get down and still stand up! " Long Lehao said.

　　What’s the problem with the engine again?

　　On April 16, 2018, the National Space Administration released the investigation on the failure of the Long March 5 remote rocket, which mentioned that the Long March 5 remote rocket suddenly failed when it flew to 346 seconds.

　　The cause of the failure is that the turbine exhaust device of the first unit of the core-stage liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen engine is abnormal in the local structure under the complex mechanical and thermal environment, and the engine thrust drops sharply instantly, resulting in the failure of the launch mission.

　　Engine is also an engine. Yes, this word, which once stung the Chinese people’s key technology in the aviation field, has become a stumbling block in the aerospace field this time.

　　A big rocket is naturally inseparable from a big thrust, and a big thrust is inseparable from the development motivation. Before the Long March 5, the maximum thrust of a single rocket engine in active service in China was only about 70 tons, so it was "inadequate" to launch a very large spacecraft.

　　A new type of high thrust engine came into being. According to Zhou Limin, secretary of the Party Committee of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, after 15 years of unremitting research, eight newly developed 120-ton liquid oxygen kerosene engines were assembled on the four boosters of the Long March 5, and four newly developed hydrogen-oxygen engines were assembled on the first-class and second-class rockets.

　　He has an image saying that developing an engine is as difficult as climbing Mount Everest. "Some foreign experts say that even if we design it, we can’t make it." Among them, the hydrogen-oxygen engine that failed in the remote second mission is even more difficult.

　　Zhou Limin still remembers that in the face of brand-new engines, the research team began to tackle scientific and technological problems day and night, and dozens of new materials and more than 100 new processes were overcome one by one. However, the starting of the engine has become the biggest obstacle.

　　He said that in the starting stage, the whole engine is in an unstable dynamic process, because the speed changes from a static state to tens of thousands of revolutions, and the temperature changes from a low temperature state to a high temperature state. Our control sequence is controlled in milliseconds, and any action that is not well coordinated and fails to achieve the expected result may lead to failure.

　　At first, the development team was hit hard. After the prototype of the engine used in the first flight of Long March 5 was developed, its test results failed four times in a row: two starting explosions and two burning gas systems.

　　Zhou Limin said that these have dealt a great blow to the confidence of the entire research and development team and design team. "Many people dream of the explosion scene in their dreams, and they can’t eat or sleep well."

　　Find out the "devil" and destroy the "enemy"

　　And these are just the "pains" that China astronauts encountered in the engine development stage. After the failure of the Long March 5 Tele-2 mission, the pressure faced by these people became even greater, and they even called the faulty engine problem "the devil".

　　A test team member of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation told the reporter that in order to find out the "devil" and destroy the "enemy", the development team has suffered unprecedented hardships, hardships, twists and turns and doubts in the past two years. The experience of tempering, struggling, struggling and tackling key problems is also rare in the history of development. Especially those "demons" who are hidden deep, the tension and complexity of the battle are unprecedented.

　　“‘ Devil ’ It pops up from time to time, blinding the development team’s sight, and even pushing them into the endless abyss of opaque. However, the development team was not intimidated by the darkness and was not defeated. " Zhou Limin said.

　　According to the statistics of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, in the second and third quarters of 2019 alone, the development teams of 11 hydrogen-oxygen engines in Beijing of the Academy worked overtime for 23,000 hours, and finally found out the "devil" hidden in the engine and eliminated the "enemy" who was recalcitrant, eliminating hidden dangers and eliminating faults.

　　Li Dong, the chief designer of the Long March 5 rocket, told the reporter that after the failure of the Long March 5 rocket, after more than 100 days of troubleshooting and positioning, and more than 180 days of experimental verification, the reason for the failure was finally confirmed. After that, according to the conclusion of fault investigation, the development team improved the design of the first-stage hydrogen-oxygen engine, and adopted corresponding improvement measures from the aspects of structure, materials and technology, which improved the adaptability to the flight environment.

　　The cause of the failure was found, identified and improved. Everything seems so smooth.

　　However, new problems have come again.

　　The process of returning to zero is full of twists and turns

　　On November 30, 2018, the improved core-stage hydrogen-oxygen engine had problems during the long-distance test run.

　　Li Dong told reporters that this time the astronauts responded faster. According to the cause of the failure, the development team improved the local weak links of the engine and improved the dynamic strength margin of the structure.

　　On March 29, 2019, the zeroing work and improvement verification of engine test failure were all completed — — The two long-distance test runs passed successfully, and the second problem was solved in this way.

　　But soon, they ushered in the third "encounter."

　　On April 4, 2019, when the final assembly of the Long March 5 remote three rocket entered the final stage, an "abnormal vibration frequency" appeared in the process of analyzing the test data of a core-stage hydrogen-oxygen engine used for subsequent tasks.

　　It can be described as twists and turns, once again verifying that sentence: the road to scientific exploration has never been smooth.

　　"Without a trace of doubt!" Li Dong said that the developers followed the trail and found the crux of the problem — — The local structure of the engine is very sensitive to the complex mechanical and thermal environment, and it is easy to cause resonance. Once excited, it is not easy to decay.

　　In July 2019, the developers completed the structural improvement of the engine and completed more than a dozen large-scale ground tests.

　　At this point, the engine problem that has plagued the Long March 5 for more than two years has finally been investigated.

　　According to the statistics of the First Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the Long March 5 was defeated by Yaoer on July 2, 2017 and successfully launched by Yaosan on December 27, 2019, which lasted for 908 days and carried out more than 40 key technical tests.

　　After 908 days and nights, I got up again after countless falls. And the biggest "hard bone" — — The hydrogen-oxygen engine has also completed the phoenix bath fire and nirvana rebirth in more than two years.

　　According to Long Lehao, more than 900 days, such an interval — — It is a long time in the history of the Long March rocket to go beyond the period of the follow-up flight after the mission fails. In his impression, there is not even a "return to zero" at such a long interval.

　　"We certainly hope that the interval will be shorter, but scientific research cannot change with subjective wishes." Long Lehao said that the failure of the Long March 5 rocket was due to the failure of a certain engine component under the interaction of complex mechanical and thermal environment — — This problem is deeply hidden, and it does not appear in most cases, but only occasionally. However, once it appears, it is a "disastrous result".

　　In his view, this "zeroing" finally caught this mischievous "devil", although it took a long time, it was worth it.

　　"We’re all suffocating."

　　In fact, it takes more than a few teams to find out the "devil" and "rebuild" the engine.

　　Yan Yong, deputy director of Beijing No.11 Institute of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, told the reporter that the failure to launch the Long March V Remote II rocket pushed the liquid power industry with the reputation of "golden power" to the forefront, and the failure of the first-class high-thrust hydrogen-oxygen rocket engine put the engine development team under tremendous pressure and test. With the help of the strength of the Group and the Sixth Hospital, the Institute has used all effective resources to carry out the zeroing work — — It can be said that this is a "national alliance" to tackle key technical problems.

　　"It’s the first time I’ve seen so many academicians get together!" Lv Wei, the quality supervisor of 11 universities in Beijing, said that he was most impressed by the evaluation. Twenty-five academicians and five university professors came to the site as invited experts to listen to the engine development work and put forward opinions and suggestions. Nearly 60 leading experts in the system also participated in the exchange and discussion.

　　In fact, after the failure of the mission two years ago, many people are also eager to try, looking forward to returning to the "battlefield" and showing their talents.

　　"If setbacks obscure the light of the road ahead, then use the unrepentant heart to light the fire at night!" Chen Jiwei, commander of the launching station system at Wenchang Space Launch Site, told the reporter that there was no frustration and discouragement, and everyone held their breath. All systems and posts rallied from scratch and immediately put themselves into the preparations for the rocket’s go-around.

　　Deduct the process again and again, anticipate and recall one by one, and operate the exercise again and again. The operation of the air compressor of a system in the station is not very stable, and the equipment manufacturer has repeatedly made dozens of improvement tests, but the problem still exists.

　　Many people have advised Chen Jiwei, "it’s not a restrictive factor, it’s almost enough." However, his answer is adamant. "The factors that affect the task must be solved without compromise!"

　　Today, the Long March V has finally won this "turn-over battle", and it has become the most iconic task of China Aerospace in 2019. This is not only because it determines the implementation of major engineering tasks such as the follow-up Chang ‘e V, manned space station and the first Mars exploration, but also because it presents the process of scientific experiments from failure to success to the public in such an intuitive way, which makes people feel moved and amazed.

　　In addition to Qian Xuesen’s sentence, Albert Einstein also had a "golden sentence" that was regarded as a standard by the scientific community. The general idea is that it is not a bad thing for a person to take detours and make mistakes on the road of scientific exploration, and it is not a shame. It is necessary to bravely admit and correct mistakes in practice.

　　Long March 5 did it. China astronauts did it.

　　China Youth Daily China Youth Network reporter Qiu Chenhui