In order to implement the requirements of the Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of Tax Collection and Management issued by the Central Office and the State Council, and comprehensively promote the digital upgrade and intelligent transformation of tax collection and management, the Anhui Provincial Taxation Bureau of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China issued the Announcement of the Anhui Provincial Taxation Bureau of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on the pilot work of comprehensively digitizing electronic invoices (hereinafter referred to as the Announcement). The interpretation is as follows.

1. What is the background of launching a comprehensive digital electronic invoice pilot?

In order to implement the "Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of Tax Collection and Management" issued by the Central Office and the State Council, comprehensively promote the digital upgrade and intelligent transformation of tax collection and management, and reduce the cost of collection and payment, State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China has built a national unified electronic invoice service platform. Since December 1, 2021, State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China has carried out a comprehensive digital electronic invoice pilot project in Guangdong Province (excluding Shenzhen, the same below), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Shanghai (hereinafter referred to as the "pilot area"), and the system runs smoothly.

In order to further promote the comprehensive digital electronic invoice pilot work, with the consent of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, from July 18, 2022, Anhui taxpayers will only accept invoices issued by some taxpayers in the pilot areas through the electronic invoice service platform.

2. What are the face information of all-electric invoices?

The face information of all-electric invoice includes basic content and specific content.

The basic contents mainly include: QR code, invoice number, invoice date, buyer’s information, seller’s information, project name, specifications, unit, quantity, unit price, amount, tax rate/collection rate, tax amount, total, total price and tax (in words and figures), remarks and drawer. The invoice number of the all-electric invoice is 20 digits, of which, the 1st-2nd digits represent the last two digits of the Gregorian calendar year, the 3rd-4th digits represent the administrative division codes of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate plans, the 5th digit represents the information such as the issuing channels of all-electric invoices, and the 6th-20th digits represent the information such as sequence codes.

In order to meet the individual needs of taxpayers engaged in specific industries, businesses with special taxable behaviors and specific application scenarios (hereinafter referred to as "specific business"), the tax authorities have designed corresponding specific contents in all-electric invoices according to the relevant provisions of current invoice issuance and specific business scenarios. Specific businesses include but are not limited to: rare earth, construction services, passenger transport services, cargo transport services, real estate sales, real estate business leasing services, agricultural product acquisition, photovoltaic acquisition, vehicle and vessel tax collection, self-produced agricultural product sales, differential taxation, etc. When obtaining all-electric invoices, taxpayers in Anhui Province can put forward specific business requirements to the drawer according to the actual business development situation, and the drawer will fill in the information in the invoice remarks and other columns as required in the specific content columns, further standardizing the invoice face content and facilitating the use of taxpayers in Anhui Province. The face of all-electric invoice for a specific business shows the corresponding information according to the specific content, and the words of this business type are displayed in the upper left corner of the face.

3. What are the advantages of using all-electric invoices?

(1) It is more convenient to use tickets.

The application of invoice data is richer. It is convenient for tax authorities to standardize the management of invoice data and lay a data foundation for providing taxpayers with tax declaration and pre-filling services.

The use of invoices meets individual business needs. All-electric invoice breaks the requirement of specific format, increases the data message format of XML to facilitate delivery, while retaining formats such as PDF and OFD, reducing the cost of invoice use and improving the convenience and acquisition of taxpayers’ tickets. All-electric invoice styles are displayed differently according to different businesses to provide taxpayers with better personalized services.

(2) Integration of recording and filing

The tax authorities will make and issue electronic invoice data specifications and national standards, realize the digital circulation of all-electric invoices, and further promote the informationization of accounting and financial management of enterprises and administrative institutions.

4. How do Anhui taxpayers receive invoices issued through the electronic invoice service platform? What types of invoices are included?

Taxpayers in Anhui Province can receive all-electric invoices with the words "special VAT invoice", all-electric invoices with the words "ordinary invoice", special paper VAT invoices (hereinafter referred to as "special paper invoices") and ordinary paper VAT invoices (folding tickets, hereinafter referred to as "ordinary paper invoices") issued by taxpayers in pilot areas through the electronic invoice service platform.

Anhui taxpayers can receive the above-mentioned invoices issued through the electronic invoice service platform through the comprehensive service platform for VAT invoices. In addition, all-electric invoices delivered by the seller by e-mail or QR code can also be obtained.

5. What is the difference between the paper special tickets and paper general tickets issued by taxpayers in Anhui Province through the electronic invoice service platform and those issued by the VAT invoice management system?

Taxpayers in Anhui Province have received paper special tickets and paper general tickets issued through the electronic invoice service platform, and their legal effects, basic uses and basic usage provisions are the same as those of the existing paper special tickets and paper general tickets. Compared with the existing paper-based special tickets and paper-based general tickets, the paper-based special tickets and paper-based general tickets issued by the electronic invoice service platform are different in that after the paper-based special tickets and paper-based general tickets are issued by the electronic invoice service platform, the password area of the paper-based special tickets and paper-based general tickets will no longer display the invoice ciphertext, but the password area will display the 20-digit invoice number given by the electronic invoice service platform and the website of the national VAT invoice inspection platform.

Six, Anhui taxpayers received invoices issued through the electronic invoice service platform, sales returns, billing errors, sales discounts, etc., and the drawer needs to issue red-ink invoices. What should I do?

(1) If the drawee has not confirmed the use and entered the account, the drawer shall fill out the Confirmation Sheet of Red-ink Invoice Information on the electronic invoice service platform (hereinafter referred to as the Confirmation Sheet, see Annex 2) and then issue a red-ink full electric invoice or a red-ink paper invoice without confirmation by the drawee. Among them, the Confirmation Sheet should be consistent with the corresponding blue-ink invoice information.

Example 1: In June 2022, Company I (the taxpayer who issues invoices through the electronic invoice service platform) provided design services for Company J (the taxpayer in Anhui Province). On June X, 2022, Company I has issued an all-electric invoice for Company J with the words "special VAT invoice". On June X, the service was terminated due to objective reasons. Before that, Company J did not confirm the use of the invoice and put it in the account, and Company I had to issue a full red-ink all-electric invoice.

Company I fills in and uploads the Confirmation Sheet through the electronic invoice service platform, without confirmation from Company J. After the system passes the automatic verification, Company I will issue a full red-letter full electric invoice based on the information of the confirmed confirmation sheet.

(2) If the drawee has confirmed the use or entered the account, the drawer shall fill out the Confirmation Sheet through the electronic invoice service platform or the drawee through the comprehensive service platform for value-added tax invoices. After confirmation by the other party, the drawer shall issue a red-ink invoice based on the Confirmation Sheet.

If the drawee has used the invoice for VAT declaration and deduction, it shall temporarily transfer it from the current input tax amount according to the VAT amount listed in the Confirmation Sheet, and after obtaining the red-ink invoice issued by the drawer, it shall be used as the accounting voucher together with the Confirmation Sheet.

Example 2: In June, 2022, Company N (the taxpayer who invoiced through the electronic invoice service platform) sold a batch of toys to Company P (the taxpayer in Anhui Province), and an all-electric invoice with the words "special VAT invoice" was issued, and Company P confirmed its use. In July 2022, it was found that the billing was wrong.

Case 1: The financial personnel of Company N fill out and upload the Confirmation Sheet through the electronic invoice service platform, select the reason and the corresponding blue-ink invoice information, and enter the amount and tax amount. After the financial personnel of Company P complete the confirmation through the comprehensive service platform of VAT invoice within 72 hours, the financial personnel of Company N will issue a red-letter all-electric invoice accordingly.

Case 2: The financial personnel of Company P fill out and upload the Confirmation Sheet through the VAT invoice comprehensive service platform, select the reason and the corresponding blue-ink invoice information, and enter the amount and tax amount. N Company’s financial personnel will issue a red-letter all-electric invoice after completing the confirmation through the electronic invoice service platform within 72 hours.

(3) If all-electric invoices or paper invoices issued by the pilot taxpayers through the electronic invoice service platform have been used to apply for export tax refund or tax refund on behalf of the taxpayers, red-ink invoices are temporarily not allowed to be issued.

7. What types of invoices can Anhui taxpayers obtain for use confirmation? What channels are used for confirmation?

Taxpayers in Anhui Province continue to log on to the VAT invoice comprehensive service platform to use the relevant VAT deduction voucher functions, and obtain VAT deduction vouchers such as all-electric invoices with the words "special VAT invoices", all-electric invoices with the words "ordinary invoices", paper special tickets and paper general tickets issued through the electronic invoice service platform. If they need to be used to declare the deduction of VAT input tax or apply for export tax refund or tax refund on behalf of others, they should confirm their use through the VAT invoice comprehensive service platform according to regulations.

8. Through what channels can Anhui taxpayers check the information of all-electric invoices?

Anhui taxpayers can check the information of all-electric invoices through the national VAT invoice inspection platform (https://inv-veri.chinatax.gov.cn).

9. What matters should be paid attention to when taxpayers in Anhui Province obtain all-electric invoice reimbursement for filing?

Taxpayers who obtain reimbursement of all-electric invoices for filing shall follow the relevant provisions of the Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the National Archives Bureau on Regulating the Filing of Electronic Accounting Vouchers (No.6 [2020] of the Ministry of Finance, hereinafter referred to as the Notice) and the Measures for the Administration of Accounting Archives (Order No.79 of the Ministry of Finance and the National Archives Bureau).

　　The Spring Festival passes quickly, and I will go to work the day after tomorrow. How to carry out the work in the new year, CCTV Spring Festival Evening in 2019 may provide us with ideas and answers.

　　Watching and talking about the Spring Festival Gala is a popular entertainment for the people during the Spring Festival. Looking at it from another angle, the Spring Festival Evening is also an excellent starting point to interpret China’s economic trends. The Southern Economic Think Tank tries to interpret the economic signals released by CCTV Spring Festival Evening from three perspectives.

　　Visual angle 1

　　Four high-frequency words in the Spring Festival Evening

　　High-frequency words in CCTV Spring Festival Evening in 2019. Finishing Chen Yubing

　　Through the incomplete statistics of the host words, program lines, lyrics and other party elements,Science and technology, poverty alleviation, revival, express deliveryIt has become a high-frequency word in the CCTV Spring Festival Evening in 2019.

　　As the host of the Spring Festival Evening said, "Technology has changed life from extravagant imagination to real daily life". In the Shenzhen sub-venue, the embodiment of "science and technology" is more obvious, from the host words, program arrangement to stage design, which is very scientific and technological. An international science and technology innovation center with global influence is also one of the five strategic orientations of the central government for Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area where Shenzhen is located.

　　In the party, it is more symbolic to realize the first 5G network transmission of 4K ultra-HD content in China:2019 is regarded as the first year of 5G commercialization, and the "digital economy" is expected to leverage 5G to achieve rapid development..

　　According to the China internet plus Index Report (2018) released by Tencent Research Institute, the national digital economy in 2017 was 26.70 trillion yuan, up 17.24% year-on-year, accounting for 32.28% of GDP.

　　Compared with 4G, the characteristics of 5G, such as wide-area coverage, high connection density, high hotspot capacity, low delay and high reliability, can not only meet people’s daily needs for high-speed networks, but also realize the "Internet of Everything", which opens the door for the large-scale popularization of China’s industrial Internet and urges the transformation of old and new kinetic energy in economic development. In other words, 5G empowerment will comprehensively accelerate the digitalization process of China’s economy and society.

　　Getting rid of poverty and becoming rich, and building a well-off society in an all-round way is an important task for the central government to read here, and it is of course fully displayed on the stage of the Spring Festival Evening. The "building canals, greenhouses, green ecological parks and food processing plants" mentioned in the Spring Festival Evening sketch are the important contents of industrial poverty alleviation. In 2019, fighting the tough battle against poverty is not only an important economic task, but also an important political task, which not only contains new opportunities and new space for economic development, but also is a powerful answer for China to face the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development.

　　There is a familiar prop on the stage of the Spring Festival Evening — — Fuxing train. During this period in Spring Festival travel rush, hundreds of millions of people returned home by rail. The high-speed train is not only a business card made in China, but also the best embodiment of the speed in China.

　　It is reported that this year, the national railway investment in fixed assets has maintained a strong scale, ensuring the production of 6800 kilometers of new lines, including 3200 kilometers of high-speed rail.By the end of 2019, the number of Fuxing vehicles put into operation reached 850.. With the improvement of modern transportation network with more high-speed rail and higher efficiency, the logistics cost is expected to be further reduced, and the flow speed of people, logistics, information flow and capital flow is expected to be further accelerated, making it a lubricant and accelerator for China’s economic development.

　　Combing this year’s Spring Festival Evening sketch shows will find an interesting phenomenon:Courier has become the hottest profession, and together with cleaning aunts, advertising practitioners, criminal police, house sales agents, and drivers, it forms a professional group that focuses on the Spring Festival Evening.. The general feature of these occupations is that they are all related to urban life and are front-line participants and builders of modern economy.

　　Among them, couriers have more distinctive characteristics of the times due to the rapid development of online consumption.

　　Just as hundreds of millions of people return home or travel, the same huge logistics is passed to thousands of households through the hands of countless courier brothers. As a new professional group born with the urbanization process, such as courier brother, how to better improve efficiency and their own income and integrate into urban development will be another important topic for China’s economic development.

　　Angle of view 2

　　Selection of three Spring Festival Gala venues

　　The selection of three sub-venues in the Spring Festival Gala is also very interesting.

　　From an economic point of view, tea in Jinggangshan, cars in Changchun and robots in Shenzhen respectively represent three industrial forms: traditional agriculture, modern manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing.. Three cities and three kinds of products from the old revolutionary base area in central China, the heavy industry base in northeast China and the southeast coast appeared on the stage of the Spring Festival Evening at the same time, which itself is a microcosm of China’s industrial economy.

　　This arrangement supports the basic pattern of the whole Spring Festival Evening in the expression of China’s economic stories. The program arrangement of the three sub-venues has strengthened this point.

　　The song and dance "Time No.1" in Changchun FAW Branch of Jilin Province has become an all-round exhibition of China FAW products. The deformed robot modified by FAW cars and the world’s largest indoor remote-controlled aircraft model show the great ambition of the old industrial base to speed up the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure.

　　In 2016, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Shenshan Village, Mao Ping Township, Jinggangshan City, which appeared in the Jinggangshan Sub-venue, and now it has been lifted out of poverty together with six other administrative villages in the township. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that efforts should be made to increase the supply of high-quality green agricultural products. Jinggang Mountain is green, and it is one of the famous teas in Jiangxi Province. The song and dance "Please Tea Song" is all in full of green, from lyrics to costumes and stage design, full of tea fragrance, which is equivalent to using the super IP of Spring Festival Evening to make a favorite product promotion.

　　The song and dance "Fantasy of Youth" in Shenzhen Branch Hall has become a stage for robots and flexible screens, which fully reflects the strong strength and strong enterprising spirit of Shenzhen and even Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in the fields of electronic information, intelligent manufacturing and other industries.

　　Compared with the first two venues, innovation is the most distinctive theme of Shenzhen Sub-venue in terms of stage layout, technical means of signal output and program presentation, which fully embodies the mission of this special zone city in "promoting the deep integration of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries and unswervingly building a manufacturing power".

　　The appearance of three sub-venues in succession fully embodies the development characteristics of regional economy and skillfully expounds the different aspects of China’s economic development.

　　At the same time, the seamless connection of the three sub-venues has a special symbolic meaning — —The development between different regions and different economic forms is by no means separated from each other..The development of the western region, the overall revitalization of the Northeast, the rise of the central region and the pioneering development of the eastern region are all indispensable and important contents for the country to achieve coordinated regional development. How to implement these national strategies and promote a more adequate and coordinated development of the national economy is a major point of view for China’s economy in 2019.

　　Angle of view 3

　　Opportunities for the sinking of the consumer market

　　Outside the stage, the list of sponsors of the Spring Festival Gala is an excellent material for a glimpse of China’s economic hotspots.

　　From Kangbas and Seagull Clocks in the 1980s to Chinese Bicycles, National pits, Wuliangye and other wine brands in the 1990s, Spring Festival Evening advertisements, as a "barometer of China economy", have reflected the economic changes in China for more than 30 years. It has become a true portrayal of the continuous upgrading of the domestic consumer market and the continuous enrichment of people’s living standards.

　　In the CCTV Spring Festival Evening in 2019, Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker and Baidu occupied an important position in extending the content sharing of the Spring Festival Evening with their platform advantages. What attracts people’s attention is that Pinduoduo, who was influenced by negative news, became the sponsor of the Spring Festival Gala.

　　Behind this round of sponsor replacement, mobile phones have become the absolute protagonist of network use. According to the 42nd Statistical Report on Internet Development in China, as of June 2018, the number of Internet users in China was 802 million, including 788 million mobile phone users, accounting for 98.3% of Internet users from 97.5% in 2017.

　　Compared with Tik Tok and Aauto Quicker, the economic significance of Pinduoduo’s appearance on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala is even more extraordinary.

　　The Central Economic Work Conference regards "promoting the formation of a strong domestic market" as an important content of economic work in 2019, and proposes to strive to meet the final demand, improve product quality, and accelerate the development of service industries such as education, child care, pension, medical care, culture and tourism.

　　Pinduoduo’s becoming a sponsor of the Spring Festival Evening not only shows that the online shopping field is still in fierce competition, but also shows that the consumer market is further enriched and the channels are sinking.

　　With the implementation of strategies such as rural revitalization and the adjustment of urban and rural economic structure towards a more coordinated pattern, the consumer markets in first-tier cities, third-and fourth-tier cities and even rural areas are rapidly opening up, and the upward channels of agricultural products are gradually getting through. These factors have provided unprecedented market space for new e-commerce companies like Pinduoduo.

　　The emergence of this phenomenon is supported by clear data.

　　Previously, the National Bureau of Statistics disclosed when analyzing the economic operation in 2018.In 2018, the per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents in China was 26,112 yuan, a nominal increase of 6.8%, 0.9 percentage points faster than the previous year; The per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents was 12,124 yuan, a nominal increase of 10.7%, 2.6 percentage points faster than the previous year..

　　In other words, the rapid growth of rural consumption and the gradual narrowing of the gap between urban and rural consumption have become new features of economic development. At present, the economy is facing downward pressure, and the rapid development of consumption market, especially in non-first-tier towns and rural areas, is even more critical to economic development.

　　The rapid development of new e-commerce such as Pinduoduo also means that the online shopping platform has completed the sinking of the "last mile" of the domestic rural terminal market, which means the rapid development of the digital economy in the consumer field. Accompanied by this, it is the further opening and integration of urban and rural consumer markets, and with the steady progress of building a well-off society in an all-round way, a huge market with a scale of 1.4 billion people with more integrity, coordination and comprehensive digitalization is taking shape.

　　In fact, regardless of urban and rural areas, there is still huge market space in many consumer areas. The "health care products for the elderly" suspected of selling fakes in "My son is coming" is both a legal issue and an economic issue — — As China enters an aging society, the consumption market of goods and services for the elderly needs to be improved urgently, and the improvement of its quantity and quality is also the key to promoting endogenous economic growth through consumption. People’s pursuit of a better life is also a great opportunity for China’s economy.

　　[Write] Wang Biao, a researcher at the Southern Economic Think Tank　　

　　[Overall Planning] Huang Yinglai

　　[Proofreading] Feng Zhijian

　　[Product] Nanfang Daily Southern Economic Think Tank

Traffic law enforcement was once unable to effectively target

Cheng Xinghuan, a reporter from Jinyang. com, reported: On the Guangdong Minsheng Hotline today (28th), Wang Fumin, deputy director of Guangdong Province, revealed that at present, more than 20 online car rental platforms have obtained business licenses in Guangdong Province, and 52,260 online taxi driver’s licenses and 50,138 online taxi transportation licenses have been issued, accounting for 17.7% and 30% of the national total respectively, ranking first in the country. However, in the management of online car, Didi Chuxing, a monopoly, has refused to accept data access for supervision, both in Guangdong and in the whole country.

However, for the rapid development of network cars, the supervision of the industry has lagged behind, especially in Yueqing, Wenzhou. On the evening of 26th, Guangdong Provincial Communications Department, Guangzhou Municipal Communications Commission, Shenzhen Municipal Communications Commission and Dongguan Transportation Bureau talked about Didi respectively. In Shenzhen, according to the network car data transmitted by Didi Platform to the government supervision platform (the ride data has not been transmitted), there are still nearly 5,000 drivers and nearly 2,000 vehicles in the platform that have not obtained the operating documents. In Dongguan, there are 19,492 drivers (including 15,584 drivers who obtained the taxi qualification certificate before November 2016), and only 5,204 vehicles have obtained the network car transportation certificate. However, Didi Platform has more than 30,000 drivers and more than 20,000 vehicles providing online car service in Dongguan.

However, even if the government departments intervened early, Didi still "went its own way". In the notification of the interview in Dongguan, the rectification measures promised by Didi Company have not been effectively implemented. For example, it promised not to distribute orders to non-Dongguan license plate vehicles from June, but some citizens still reported that non-Dongguan license plate vehicles would take orders at night. In this year, Dongguan investigated and dealt with 292 cases of illegal network car service, including 61 cases of illegal network car service provided by Didi Company. This number is not worth mentioning compared with the operation of nearly 10,000 driving without a license and 15,000 unlicensed vehicles.

As to why government departments can’t supervise these "black cars", Wang Fumin said that Didi refused to access data to government departments for supervision not only in Guangdong, but also in the whole country, and refused to provide detailed data on drivers and operating vehicles, so it was impossible to carry out targeted law enforcement and could only rely on the original containment. After the rectification of Didi at the end of September, all management departments will obtain the complete data uploaded by Didi, and then effectively retreat, which is expected to be completed before the end of the year.

In addition, after the Wenzhou Yueqing hitchhiking case, Wang Fumin predicted that the next step would be to introduce a policy to put aside the customer service and directly connect with the public security organs.

It is always difficult for people to remember the second and third, but they can always remember the first clearly.

You may forget what it feels like to hug the opposite sex for the second time, but you must remember the throbbing of the first hug. Just like you may not remember the second car you took and drove, but you are impressed with the first car.

So, do you remember what was the first car you sat in and drove? I believe most people’s answer is only three words:.

People who came from the era of "owning Santana and traveling all over the world are not afraid" always have a memory in their minds, that is, the square front, the VW logo carved on the plastic grille and the classic "Shanghai Volkswagen" tail logo …

When the time train galloped past forty platforms, the meaning of "SAIC Volkswagen" was very different for China automobile industry and even everyone. During these forty years, SAIC-Volkswagen witnessed the rise of China’s automobile industry and the great achievements of reform and opening up. At the same time, it also gained its own prosperity as the first joint venture automobile company in China.

Yesterday, SAIC Volkswagen opened a neon for the China auto market.

Let’s temporarily adjust the time back to the time node that crossed in the 1970s and 1980s.

At that time, there were not many small cars running in China, except for Beijing 212 and Shanghai brand cars. Old friends who came from that era probably have the impression that there are always several dark green 212 cars and several white or blue-green Shanghai cars parked in the tree-lined government compound.

In that era when the global automobile industry entered prosperity, China automobile industry can still be described as "barren".

After the tide of reform and opening up came, the state decided to vigorously develop the automobile industry. So in 1978, China made initial contact with German audi ag. After many arguments, in 1984, Shanghai Car Factory and German Volkswagen formally signed the joint venture and cooperation regulations, and the two sides jointly established Shanghai Volkswagen Co., Ltd.

The first car introduced into China market by Shanghai Volkswagen Joint Venture Company is the "Santana" which will be popular all over the country in the next 30 years. However, as the first joint venture car in China, Santana’s landing road is also quite tortuous.

China in the 1980s did not have a modern automobile industry base. Therefore, the first batch of Santana cars launched by Shanghai Volkswagen for the China market can only be produced by CKD parts imported and assembled. On the assembly line, the workers of Shanghai Volkswagen can only assemble the whole vehicle by hand.

In fact, while bringing Santana, Shanghai Volkswagen also shoulders an important mission, which is to bring advanced production technology and manufacturing technology of western automobile industry to China after the establishment of the factory. In other words, Shanghai Volkswagen shoulders the responsibility of "starter" of China Hyundai Motor Industry.

After a period of "extensive production", Shanghai Volkswagen invited experts from German Volkswagen to Shanghai for guidance in order to improve production capacity and efficiency, and introduced international manufacturing standards and production equipment. Through the intensive production line upgrade, Shanghai Volkswagen has increased the annual production scale of Santana to more than 50,000 vehicles in just six years. However, at this time, Shanghai Volkswagen still lags behind the development goal of "within 7 years, the localization rate of Santana will exceed 80%".

Then, after establishing the modern production process and manufacturing technology, the next plan of Shanghai Volkswagen is to establish a complete automobile supporting supply chain industry in China based on Santana.

In the TV series Blossoms Shanghai, No.120 Jinxian Road left an impression on the audience.

In reality, No.120 Jinxian Road is the original site of Shanghai Piston Factory. When Shanghai Volkswagen was determined to establish a modern automobile supply chain system, Shanghai Piston Factory signed a technology license transfer contract with German Kolbenschmidt Co., Ltd. to introduce piston manufacturing technology to purchase key manufacturing planes and test equipment.

Starting from the piston factory, Shanghai Volkswagen has also established a large number of spare parts suppliers since the 1990s, and established quality standards in China that meet German Volkswagen and international standards. At this point, China automobile supply chain industry has also entered a stage of prosperity and development.

It can be said that Shanghai Volkswagen, which started in the 1980s, not only brought brand-new Santana cars to the China market, but also brought a brand-new beginning to the automobile industry in this ancient land.

This joint venture car company is the first to introduce foreign capital, global standards and advanced manufacturing systems into China’s automobile industry. To some extent, the development history of Shanghai Volkswagen is the development history of China automobile industry marketization. As a pioneer of the whole industry, Shanghai Volkswagen is worthy of the title of "industry beacon".

Today, SAIC Volkswagen sets an industry benchmark with tens of millions of trust.

Today, the production and sales scale of SAIC Volkswagen has already exceeded 10 million, and it has become the first passenger car enterprise in China with a cumulative output exceeding 28 million. 40 years, 28 million, these data reflect the stable and prosperous development of SAIC Volkswagen.

Today, SAIC Volkswagen has three brands, Volkswagen, Audi and Skoda, and continues to play a leading role as a joint venture car company with an annual sales of one million. Of course, the achievements made by SAIC-Volkswagen in the past 40 years are not only remarkable achievements in the market.

More importantly, SAIC Volkswagen has always created a new situation in the automobile industry.

If we say that during the period from the 1980s to the 1990s, SAIC-Volkswagen was introducing advanced technologies from the western automobile industry to help China’s modern automobile industry grow sturdily; Then, during the period from 2000 to 2000, SAIC Volkswagen made more wonderful contributions to the automobile industry with its own progress.

Since the Santana 2000 project at the beginning of the new century, SAIC-Volkswagen has started the road of independent research based on the global technical and design advantages of Volkswagen and the actual demand of China local market. As the first joint venture car company in China, SAIC Volkswagen has also become the first joint venture car company in China to independently develop new models.

When SAIC Volkswagen has the tradition of independent research, it has brought many refreshing products.

Volkswagen, through its insight into the needs of domestic household consumers, has created a large-space body and brought a quality experience to a total of 5 million home users; Volkswagen, on the other hand, deeply observes the young user groups and has become a travel partner of more and more young people with high value built by face value and performance; Volkswagen, as a large-size SUV with superior volume, is deeply favored by domestic middle and high-end users, and has gone abroad to dominate the North American market under the name of Atlas.

In fact, SAIC Volkswagen has many self-developed models, such as today’s L Pro, which not only brings a new experience to domestic consumers. More importantly, this new car pioneered the in-depth cooperation between SAIC Volkswagen and DJI, a China science and technology enterprise, and helped SAIC Volkswagen, which has a history of 40 years, formally enter the intelligent era with its intelligent performance comparable to that of new forces.

"Innovation" is the best summary of SAIC Volkswagen today.

From self-developed models to the development of advanced intelligent technology, SAIC Volkswagen has been at the forefront of the times every time. Undoubtedly, with the spirit of innovation as the basis of enterprise development, SAIC Volkswagen will definitely open up a new situation in the future.

What will the future of SAIC Volkswagen look like in 2040?

On the 40th anniversary of the establishment of SAIC Volkswagen, SAIC Motor Group, which came from Shanghai Car Factory step by step, signed an extended joint venture agreement with audi ag. According to the agreement, the joint venture period of SAIC Volkswagen will be extended for another 15 years to 2040.

The decision of the two parties to the joint venture also directly opened the door to the future for SAIC Volkswagen. We can’t help wondering what kind of situation SAIC Volkswagen will create when the era of intelligence and electrification comes.

The pulse of the times is constantly beating, and SAIC Volkswagen is always moving forward. As early as 2021, when, and ID.3 slowly drove off the production line of Anting MEB factory, SAIC Volkswagen opened the prelude to the future.

It can be seen that in the face of the surging intelligent electric era, SAIC Volkswagen has actively planned the enterprise transformation layout. At the same time, the three major ID. series models built on MEB platform have stood firm in the joint venture camp. In November, SAIC Volkswagen ID.3 delivered more than 14,000 new cars and became the king of pure electricity sales among joint venture brands.

When SAIC Volkswagen’s new energy pace is getting faster and faster, this joint venture car company has also begun to think about a "philosophical question" that all traditional car companies must consider-facing the future, should we take the new energy route or keep the fuel route?

SAIC Volkswagen, which has developed for 40 years, has already accumulated a strong system strength, and the answer it brings is "all want". In the field of fuel vehicles, SAIC Volkswagen is committed to promoting environmental protection, high efficiency and intelligence of fuel vehicles. After popularizing more efficient 300TSI power, SAIC-Volkswagen also launched the strategy of combining oil with electricity. The Volkswagen Tiguan L Pro, which has the same intelligent performance as the smart electric model, has also become a popular model at present.

Based on the sales support of fuel vehicles, SAIC Volkswagen can also explore the new energy field more quickly. In November 2024, SAIC Volkswagen launched a brand-new luxury brand AUDI on the basis of Audi, and made its debut in the first concept car. After starting the alphabet, SAIC Volkswagen will further promote the transformation of high-end new energy.

It is reported that AUDI’s first new car, AUDI E, was designed by Audi’s German team. At the same time, the core three electrical components and intelligent system of this car came from SAIC Volkswagen’s supply chain system. In the close cooperation between SAIC and Volkswagen, we believe that the brand-new AUDI brand can create intelligent electrification products with strong strength for China users.

Of course, SAIC Volkswagen also showed a faster speed.

In 2025, AUDI E, the first model of the new brand, will be delivered in mass production. At the same time, within three years, the AUDI brand under SAIC Volkswagen also plans to launch three electric vehicles, covering the B-class market and the C-class market, and quickly seize the high-end smart power camp highland.

Conclusion:

?

From the time when the first Santana was produced by knocking, to the time when Pro/ Tiguan L Pro and other models were rolled off the assembly line from a clean and tidy smart factory, SAIC Volkswagen took 40 years to set countless firsts in the history of China automobile industry.

I believe that many friends’ love for SAIC Volkswagen comes from their feelings. But what the author wants to say is that when we get out of the feelings of the years and the memories of the past, SAIC Volkswagen has always been a trendsetter standing on the top of the wave.

Nowadays, what SAIC Volkswagen is facing is not only the glory of the past forty years, but also the opportunity of the next fifteen years and the next fifty years. We are also willing to believe that in the next era, SAIC Volkswagen will bring us more touches and more surprises.

　　"The increasing blockade and sanctions imposed by the United States have caused Cuba’s current economic difficulties. But Cuba will not wait for the enemy to correct its criminal policy. Cuba must persist in its efforts and seek ways to overcome US sanctions and blockades with wisdom, dedication and creativity. "

　　On July 26th, local time, Cuban Vice President Valdez made the above statement at the commemoration of July 26th National Uprising Day in the country.

　　More than 60 years ago, the United States broke off diplomatic relations with Cuba after the revolution, and then began a long blockade of this socialist country. In the American think tank — — According to the Center for Economic Policy Research, the US sanctions against Cuba are the "oldest and most restrictive" of all existing economic pressure mechanisms.

　　In a recent report, the think tank pointed out that although the government has made some progress in restoring diplomatic relations with Cuba and relaxing certain trade restrictions, these measures have basically been completely reversed during the government’s term of office. After the Biden administration came to power, it still maintained most of the policies toward Cuba during the Trump era.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　Decades of harsh blockade have seriously affected Cuba’s economic development and people’s lives. For nearly 30 years, the United Nations General Assembly has passed a resolution every year demanding that the United States end its blockade of Cuba. However, in the face of the world’s just voice, the United States still goes its own way.

　　Even many American politicians are increasingly worried that the "sanctions superpower" of the United States will eventually push itself into a desperate situation.

　　Sanctions target: more than the world60%Low-income countries and regions

　　Washington post recently published a long investigative report, pointing out that sanctions have become a key tool of American foreign policy.

　　Up to now, the United States has imposed unilateral sanctions on one third of the countries in the world, with more than 15,000 effective sanctions, ranking first in the world, and far ahead of other countries and organizations.

Washington post chart

　　The survey found that the number of targets sanctioned by the United States has increased dramatically in recent presidents, especially Trump and Biden.

　　Since the beginning of this year, the US government has continued to introduce sanctions at a record speed. Washington post’s analysis based on the income data summarized by the World Bank shows that more than 60% of low-income countries and regions in the world are suffering from some kind of sanctions imposed by the US government.

Washington post chart

　　According to the report of the Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States, the evidence that unilateral economic sanctions have caused serious harm to civilians around the world is "overwhelming".

　　As we all know, extensive sanctions will hinder the overall economic growth of a country, and sometimes lead to or prolong the economic recession or even depression of the target country. Sanctions also hinder the target countries from obtaining necessities such as food, energy and medicine, hinder humanitarian assistance, and thus create more poverty, hunger, disease and a large number of avoidable deaths.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　This report specifically mentions that the legitimacy of American unilateral sanctions has been widely questioned by the international community.

　　Some people think that only the UN Security Council has the right to legally impose sanctions. On the contrary, any unilateral sanctions or multilateral sanctions without the approval of the Security Council violate the principle of national sovereignty and undermine the international rule of law.

　　At the same time, the unilateral economic sanctions imposed by the United States also violate the spirit of multilateral documents such as the Charter of the Organization of American States, which the United States itself participated in.

　　In addition, many economic sanctions imposed by the United States also violate international human rights law and a series of treaty obligations, including the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action and several resolutions of the United Nations Human Rights Council.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　More importantly, many US sanctions are based on unreliable domestic laws. Most of them are implemented according to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act of 1977, which gives the U.S. government the power to determine that a specific country "poses a special threat to U.S. national security, foreign policy or economy."

　　However, the above report pointed out that in many cases, such statements — — For example, the political situation in Venezuela or Zimbabwe poses an "extraordinary threat" to American national security to some extent — — There is almost no basis.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　Must we choose it between diplomacy and war?

　　More and more illegal unilateral sanctions are not only being scolded constantly, but also their actual effects are seriously in doubt.

　　American sanctions against Cuba, Iran and North Korea have been going on for decades, but it has been proved that these countries have never given in, although they have been greatly hurt by sanctions.

　　The latest example is Russia.

　　After the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the United States led western allies to impose more than 16,000 sanctions on Russia in order to effectively reduce Russia’s "war resources". But more than two years later, both on the battlefield and economically, the western abacus of "making Russia" has almost disappeared.

Screenshot of BBC report

　　To the west’s surprise, Russia’s economy not only grew significantly by 3.6% last year, but also seems to continue to maintain a strong growth momentum.

　　The latest World Economic Outlook report released by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts that Russia’s economic growth rate will exceed that of all developed economies including the United States this year. It is estimated that Russia’s gross domestic product (GDP) will increase by 3.2% and 1.8% respectively this year and next, both higher than previously expected.

AFP report screenshot

　　Former official of the US Department of Commerce, currently working for a Washington think tank — — Bill Reinsch, an international business expert at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, said that sanctions "as the only thing between diplomacy and war" have become the most important foreign policy tool of the United States. "However, no one in the (American) government can be sure whether the whole sanctions strategy will work."

Screenshot of Washington post report

　　What is more terrible than this embarrassment is the anti-bite effect of American unilateral sanctions.

　　Washington post reported that since financial sanctions became a new tool of American unilateral sanctions with the help of dollar hegemony, American policy makers began to use this power more and more frequently.

　　However, with the increasing sanctions, challenges have emerged. Not only Wall Street and America’s European allies may be hurt by secondary sanctions, but also more countries are looking for ways to get rid of dollar dependence in order to avoid sanctions, which leads to the gradual erosion of dollar hegemony.

　　A poll earlier this year found that most Americans believe that if American sanctions violate international law, interfere with humanitarian assistance, damage the livelihood of ordinary people, or hinder climate change cooperation between countries, the United States should cancel these unilateral coercive measures.

Screenshot of official website, Center for Economic Policy Research in the United States

　　Even some people at the top of the US government have realized the risk of abusing unilateral sanctions.

　　Jacob Lew, the US Treasury Secretary during the Obama administration, publicly warned that the excessive use of unilateral sanctions must be curbed, because it "may eventually weaken our ability to implement effective sanctions".

Screenshot of Washington post report

　　[rumor]

　　◎ Our reporter Chen Xi

　　These days, there has been a cold wave weather in China, and the temperature in most areas has plummeted. The cold wave not only affected a wide range, but also was accompanied by rain and snow.

　　Some rumors related to winter have also taken advantage of this cold wave to brush a wave of "existence": "triple" La Nina brings three times the cold, velvet is the warmest clothing material at present, the longer the car is hot in winter, the better, and the frost on persimmon is a preservative … … These rumors mislead the masses and have a negative social impact.

　　Today, the reporter of Science and Technology Daily took stock of the rumors in November one by one and smashed them with the power of science.

　　"Triple" La Nina brings triple cold?

　　Truth: La Nina is just one of the factors that affect winter temperature.

　　According to the latest data released by the World Meteorological Organization, the La Ni? a event that has lasted for a long time (hereinafter referred to as La Ni? a) is likely to continue until the end of this year or longer, which will be the first time in the 21st century that there will be a "triple" La Ni? a, that is, there will be three consecutive La Ni? a winters in the northern hemisphere.

　　As soon as the news came out, it immediately attracted widespread attention, and some netizens gave their own "interpretation": "triple" La Nina will definitely bring three times the cold.

　　In this regard, Zhou Bing, chief expert of climate service of National Climate Center, said that "triple" La Nina is not triple La Nina. "Triple" La Nina means that three consecutive winters from 2020 have been affected by La Nina. The impact is not constantly superimposed year after year, nor does it mean that the climate impact will double year by year.

　　La Nina refers to the phenomenon that the sea surface temperature in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific Ocean continues to be abnormally cold, also known as the anti-El Ni? o phenomenon. When La Nina appears, it is usually accompanied by global climate chaos. At this time, China is prone to cold winter and hot summer, and the number of tropical cyclones landing in China will be more than normal, resulting in the phenomenon of "drought in the south and waterlogging in the north". In Indonesia, eastern Australia, northeastern Brazil and other places, there will be more rainfall; The equatorial regions of Africa and the southeastern United States are prone to drought.

　　In the winter when most La Nina reaches its peak, the cold air that affects our country will appear more frequently. According to statistics, from 1990s to February 2022, in autumn and winter when La Nina appeared, cold air affected China 141 times, of which 27 times reached the level of cold wave.

　　"However, there are many factors that determine the temperature in winter, and La Nina is just one of many factors." Zhou Bing emphasized that the winter temperature in China is not only closely related to the intensity of winter monsoon in East Asia, but also related to factors such as Arctic sea ice, Eurasian snow and atmospheric circulation system. Therefore, although there is a greater probability of cold temperature in La Nina’s winter, it does not mean that there will be cold winter.

　　After 1986, the frequency of "meeting" between La Nina and warm winters increased, among which 1998 and 2020 were strong warm winters. The National Climate Center pointed out in the Forecast of Climate Trends in Winter 2022/2023 and Spring 2023 released on November 3, 2022 that it is expected that the cold air intensity affecting China will be weak in general this winter (December 2022 to February 2023), and the temperature in most parts of the country will be close to the same period of the year or high.

　　Experts from the National Climate Center said that climate prediction is a highly professional scientific research business, which needs to be based on a large number of climate observation data and supported by high-resolution numerical forecasting products, so as to conduct comprehensive judgment and analysis, and finally draw scientific conclusions cautiously.

　　Deron is the warmest garment material at present?

　　Truth: There are many materials similar to its warm-keeping effect.

　　As soon as the weather turns cold, many people begin to buy thermal underwear. Go to the e-commerce platform to search for "thermal underwear", and many products have the words "Derong" on their packages. Derong has almost become the most frequent thermal clothing material this year. Many related businesses claim that Deron can generate heat by itself, and it is the warmest garment material at present.

　　So, what is the truth?

　　"Deron is a transliteration of the English word Dralon, which is an acrylic fiber developed by an international life science group in Germany. The main component is polyacrylonitrile fiber." Xu Lei, an associate professor of tianjin polytechnic university Textile Science and Engineering College, said in an interview with Science and Technology Daily that Deron is not a new thing, and it entered the Chinese market as early as 2011.

　　"Derong’s principle of keeping warm has nothing to do with self-heating, but is mainly related to the thermal conductivity of air." Xu Lei said that the thermal conductivity of an object represents its ability to transfer heat, and the low thermal conductivity of air means that its ability to transfer heat is low, that is, heat is not easily lost, so the more air the fabric can store, the better its warmth retention effect. Deron’s cross-section is double-T-shaped, which not only makes the fabric fluffy and thick, but also enables it to "lock" more still air, thus forming an insulation layer and reducing the heat dissipation of human body.

　　"However, ‘ Deron is the warmest garment material at present ’ The statement is incorrect. " Xu Lei said that although the thermal conductivity of Deron is only 0.05 W/m Kelvin, which is relatively low among thermal insulation materials, there are many materials with similar thermal insulation effects among fiber materials.

　　In addition, the moisture absorption performance of cashmere is also relatively general. In contrast, cashmere material is also very warm, and it is soft, comfortable, hygroscopic and elastic. Another example is the down jacket, whose high bulkiness can also retain a large amount of static air, thus playing a warm role and not easily generating static electricity.

　　Is the frost on persimmon a preservative?

　　Truth: Frost is a natural persimmon frost.

　　Persimmon is a cake-like food made of persimmon, and it is also one of the most anticipated foods in winter. Everyone who has eaten persimmon knows that there is more or less a layer of white powder on persimmon, but most people don’t know what this layer of frost is, so it is circulated on the Internet that it is an artificially added preservative.

　　In this regard, Tian Shufen, a professor from tianjin agricultural university, said in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily that the white frost on persimmon is called persimmon frost, which is a naturally formed icing in the production process of persimmon, and is not a preservative, which is harmless to the human body, and consumers can safely eat it.

　　When making persimmon, you need to peel the persimmon first, and then dry the peeled persimmon. In the process of drying in the sun, persimmon will separate out nutrients such as fructose and glucose. After the water evaporates, these nutrients will gradually accumulate and crystallize, and finally persimmon cream will be formed.

　　"Persimmon cream has the effects of moistening lung, relieving cough, stopping bleeding, promoting fluid production and relieving sore throat, and has certain curative effect on symptoms such as sore throat and cough." Tian Shufen introduced that persimmon cream is rich in vitamin B_2, which also has a certain therapeutic effect on aphtha.

　　Generally speaking, the amount of persimmon cream on the outer layer of persimmon is determined by the temperature and drying time. The colder the weather and the longer the drying time, the sweeter the persimmon will be and the more persimmon cream will be. In the process of storage and transportation, if the ambient temperature rises, persimmon frost may melt and become less, which is what we often call "returning frost".

　　However, consumers don’t need to excessively pursue the amount of persimmon cream. They need to be wary of unscrupulous merchants who artificially sprinkle flour, starch and other substances on persimmon in order to improve the "face value" of persimmon. After artificial "whitening", the persimmon looks even, but as long as it is shaken gently, the white powder on it will fall off, and its taste is not the sweet feeling of persimmon cream.

　　The longer the car is hot in winter, the better?

　　Truth: Overheating a car can damage the engine.

　　Before exercise, people usually warm up in advance in order to reduce the harm caused by exercise. Before a car runs, it also needs a "hot car". Experienced old drivers know that in winter, after the car is started in outdoor low temperature environment, it needs to run at idle speed (make the car engine run in neutral position) for a period of time before driving normally.

　　Recently, however, many people said that the longer the warm-up time is, the better, because it is too cold outdoors in winter, which can make the engine warm up more fully.

　　Does this statement make sense?

　　In this regard, Liu Jun, a teacher from the School of Automotive Engineering of Tianjin Vocational College, said in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily reporter that in winter, due to the low outdoor temperature and poor fuel atomization, it is best to gradually heat up the engine when starting it outdoors, and it is not appropriate to use the engine with accelerated and afterburner, so as to reduce the wear of the engine and improve fuel economy.

　　In addition, under the condition of low temperature, the fluidity of engine oil will decrease and the viscosity will increase, so it is difficult to lubricate the engine quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to warm up the car before driving in winter, but the damage to the car caused by excessive warm-up is not small.

　　"There are two main aspects of the damage to the car when the hot car is too long. First, it will make the engine produce carbon deposit (a burnt substance produced by unsaturated olefin and gum in fuel at high temperature during engine operation), which will further affect its performance, especially shorten the service life of engine spark plugs. Second, in the process of idling, the fuel concentration is high, and idling for a long time will waste fuel, increase pollutant emissions, and increase the workload of three-way catalytic converters and particle traps (OPF). " Liu Jun explained.

　　For pure electric vehicles, Liu Jun reminded that the driving device of electric vehicles is mainly composed of motors, power batteries and control systems, and the energy for driving pure electric vehicles comes from batteries, so there is no hot car problem. However, it should be noted that the hybrid vehicle needs to be warmed up. When its mileage exceeds the cruising range in pure electric mode, it needs to be switched from pure electric mode to fuel mode. At this time, if it is not warmed up, it will also damage the engine. Therefore, in this case, the driver had better warm up the car in fuel mode before driving normally.

　　Focus on the two sessions in 2021: depicting the foreseeable future

　　This year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Party in the Communist Party of China (CPC), and it is also the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan. China will start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century. The China two sessions, which are at an important historical intersection, are worth looking forward to.

　　Aspect 1: Government Work Report and People’s Livelihood List

　　· Employment: give policy support to enterprises that don’t lay off employees and lay off fewer employees, and accelerate the pilot project of occupational injury protection.

　　·　Ecological environment: Strengthen the coordinated control of fine particles and ozone, and the clean heating rate in the northern region will reach 70%.

　　·　Education: Improve the guarantee mechanism of inclusive preschool education to better solve the problem of schooling for children of migrant workers.

　　·　Medical care: the per capita financial subsidy for residents’ medical insurance will be increased by 30 yuan, and the county-level medical service capacity will be improved.

　　·　Coping with aging: the participation rate of basic old-age insurance will be increased to 95% in the next five years, and the legal retirement age will be gradually delayed.

　　·　Consumption: increase residents’ income through multiple channels, and speed up e-commerce and express delivery into rural areas.

　　·　Housing: solve the outstanding housing problems in big cities and help new citizens and young people to alleviate their housing difficulties.

　　·　Rural revitalization: ensure that large-scale return to poverty does not occur, resolutely curb the "non-agricultural" of cultivated land and prevent "non-grain"

　　Aspect 2: Selected proposals of entrepreneurs’ two sessions

　　·　Dong Mingzhu: The tax threshold is raised to 10,000 yuan. Raising the "tax threshold" can effectively improve the real income level of residents, and making people have money to spend is the driving force to promote consumption and drive the "internal circulation" of the economy.

　　·　Ma Huateng: Support the new employment pattern. The new employment form has the characteristics of large employment capacity, low entry and exit threshold, strong flexibility and part-time job, forming a "reservoir" and a "buffer". It is suggested to further improve the relevant supporting mechanism and service system of the new employment form.

　　·　Lei Jun: Let the elderly integrate into digital life. Promote the digital service for the elderly to be incorporated into the national information infrastructure construction as soon as possible, know how to establish an aging standard system for smart technology, and promote the integration and development of smart technology aging scenarios and emerging formats.

　　·　Yu Minhong: The residence is nearby. It is suggested that in the Compulsory Education Law, "ensuring school-age children and adolescents to enter the school nearby where they live" be amended as "ensuring school-age children and adolescents to enter the school nearby where they live".

　　·　Zhang Jindong: Establish a data sharing platform. Strengthen the top-level design, establish a data governance Committee, and establish a national data sharing platform.

　　·　Zhou Hongyi: Pay attention to the safety of smart cars. It is suggested that the networked safety protection system of smart cars should be incorporated into the vehicle production, sales and service system, and gradually form mandatory requirements.

　　Anti-epidemic express

　　NEWS

　　More than 370,000 cases have been diagnosed globally, with a cumulative total of over 117 million cases.According to the real-time statistics of the Worldometer website, as of 6: 30 on March 8, Beijing time, there were 117,420,781 cases of COVID-19 diagnosed and 2,604,490 deaths. There were 376,633 new confirmed cases and 5,893 new deaths worldwide in a single day.

　　Chief scientist of the World Health Organization: Nearly 10% of the world’s population has Covid-19 antibodies.

　　According to Sputnik’s report on March 1st, Sumiya Swaminathan, chief scientist of the World Health Organization, said that nearly 10% of the world’s population already has Covid-19 antibody, and continued vaccination is the only way to achieve "collective immunity".

　　Zhong Nanshan Dialogue Fauci: It will take at least 2 ~ 3 years for the whole world to achieve group immunity.

　　On March 1st, at the forum of "Fast Recovery on the Right Track: Sino-US Cooperation in Prevention, Control and Treatment of COVID-19 Epidemic", Zhong Nanshan, the head of National Health Commission’s high-level expert group, said that group immunization can’t be achieved by making a large number of people sick, and it must be achieved through vaccination based on science. Global mass immunization takes at least 2-3 years, or even longer. However, in China, 60 different vaccine projects are currently under way, and 6 of them have entered the third phase of clinical practice.

　　WHO: The idea of ending the epidemic before the end of this year is unrealistic.

　　On March 1st, local time, Michael Ryan, the head of WHO’s health emergency project, said that it was unrealistic to end the epidemic before the end of the year, and it was still too early. It was wise to reduce the number of hospitalized cases as much as possible, which was a tragedy caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

　　Boeing said that the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on its global aircraft delivery will last for up to 10 years.

　　On March 4th, David Schulte, managing director of Boeing’s commercial aircraft marketing business in India, Southeast Asia and Asia Pacific, said that the COVID-19 epidemic "will definitely have an impact on our expected delivery volume in the next decade." Schulte said that globally, due to the grounding of many old aircraft during the epidemic, the fleet retirement rate of airlines is expected to double from 2% to 3% to about 5%.

　　Sweden reported a case of COVID-19 infection in the mother’s womb.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Stockholm, March 4, Swedish researchers recently published a report in the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, saying that a study on a pregnant woman who underwent emergency cesarean section and related newborns showed that the fetus had been infected with Covid-19 in the mother’s womb.

　　Disease control experts: the vaccine protection time limit is not only half a year.

　　How long is the protective prescription of COVID-19 vaccine? On March 4th, Pang Xinghuo, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said in an interview that the protection period of COVID-19 vaccine is not only half a year, but because the vaccination time is still very short, and there are only half a year’s data at present.

　　Ministry of Foreign Affairs: China has exported about 43.85 billion masks to the United States.

　　The Ministry of Foreign Affairs said on March 5 that from March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021, China exported about 43.85 billion masks to the United States. China is willing to continue to work together with all countries in the world, including the United States, to strive for an early victory over the epidemic.

　　WHO: COVAX has delivered more than 20 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine to 20 countries.

　　The World Health Organization said on March 5th that the COVID-19 Vaccine Implementation Plan (COVAX) jointly launched by it and its partners has delivered more than 20 million doses of vaccines to 20 countries, and another 31 countries will be delivered next week.

　　Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO, warned that the collective trauma of the COVID-19 epidemic was greater than that of World War II.

　　According to the website of the US Consumer News and Business Channel reported on March 5, WHO Director-General Tan Desai said at a news conference that day: "After World War II, the world experienced collective trauma, because World War II affected the lives of many people. Now, the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic is more serious, and more people’s lives have been affected. Almost the whole world has been affected, and in fact everyone in this world has been affected. " He also said: "This means collective trauma, even greater than what the world experienced after World War II."

　　Policy voice

　　NEWS

　　Ministry of Industry and Information Technology: China has become the largest manufacturing country for 11 consecutive years

　　On March 1, Xiao Yaqing, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology revealed at the press conference on the development of industry and informatization held by the State Council Office that China’s industrial added value increased from 23.5 trillion to 31.3 trillion, making it the largest manufacturing country in the world for 11 consecutive years. The proportion of manufacturing industry contributes nearly 30% to the world manufacturing industry.

　　Guangdong set up Greater Bay Area Competition Policy Committee to prevent disorderly expansion of capital.

　　People’s Daily reported on March 2nd that recently, the website of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government released the Implementation Plan for Guangdong Province to Further Promote Competition Policy in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, which mainly included the establishment of the Competition Policy Committee of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area City, Guangdong Province, the full implementation of fair competition review system, and the strengthening and improvement of anti-monopoly law enforcement.

　　Guo Shuqing: Strengthening anti-monopoly and preventing disorderly expansion of capital.　

　　On March 2, Guo Shuqing, President of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, said at the press conference of the State Council Office that 2021 is the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan, and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will take risk prevention as the eternal theme of the financial industry, monitor and resolve all kinds of financial risks relentlessly, strengthen the financial rule of law and improve the long-term mechanism. Maintain a fair competitive market environment, strengthen anti-monopoly and prevent disorderly expansion of capital, and ensure that financial innovation is carried out under the premise of prudence.

　　General Administration of Market Supervision: Five community group purchases were subject to administrative punishment.

　　On March 3, according to the official WeChat of the General Administration of Market Supervision, it was found that there were unfair price behaviors such as low-price dumping and price fraud in community group buying enterprises such as Orange Heart Optimization (Beijing) Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Wuhan Seven Delicious Technologies Co., Ltd. Four community group-buying enterprises, including Orange Heart Optimization (Beijing) Technology Development Co., Ltd., were given an administrative penalty of 1.5 million yuan, and Wuhan Qiwei Delicious Technology Co., Ltd. was given an administrative penalty of 500,000 yuan.

　　National Forestry and Grassland Administration: China will draw up the "14th Five-Year Plan" for wildlife protection.

　　On March 3rd, China. com reported that it was learned from the National Forestry and Grassland Bureau that China will study and compile the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" for wildlife protection, formulate special protection plans for key species such as gibbon and pangolin in Hainan, and accelerate the adjustment of the List of Terrestrial Wild Animals with Important Ecological, Scientific and Social Values and the assessment and identification of important habitats of terrestrial wild animals.

　　Beijing prohibits schools from participating in the operation and cooperation of "small dining table"

　　On March 3rd, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Municipal Market Supervision Bureau and Municipal Health and Health Commission jointly issued a document stating that by the end of 2021, schools, kindergarten canteens and student meal distribution enterprises will basically realize "internet plus’s bright kitchen". Students’ afternoon and after-school activities are included in the full-time management of the school, and the system of going out for leave when eating outside the school is implemented. It is strictly forbidden for the school to participate in the operation and cooperation of the social "small table" in any form.

　　Hebei issued a notice: Xiong ‘an plans to afforest 25,000 mu this year.

　　On March 5 th, recently, the General Office of the People’s Government of Hebei Province issued a notice on the task of afforestation in 2021, and the task of afforestation in the province in 2021 was 6 million mu. Among them, xiong’an new area will afforest 25,000 mu.

　　The Ministry of Transport talks about Didi Company: earnestly fulfill the main responsibility of the enterprise and protect the legitimate rights and interests of drivers and consumers.

　　On March 6 th, according to the Ministry of Communications, the responsible comrades of the Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference Office for Collaborative Supervision of New Transportation Forms had an interview with Didi. The interview pointed out that Didi Company’s recent preparations for adjusting its business strategy in some cities were not sufficient, and communication and evaluation were not in place, which was suspected of infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of drivers and was widely concerned by the society.

　　Enterprise practice

　　NEWS

　　C919 passenger plane officially landed in the world!

　　On March 1st, China Eastern Airlines (600115, Share Bar) Group Co., Ltd. and China Commercial Aircraft Co., Ltd. formally signed the purchase contract of C919 large passenger aircraft in Shanghai, which is also the first formal purchase contract of domestic large aircraft C919 in the world. China Eastern Airlines will become the first airline in the world to operate C919 large passenger aircraft.

　　Li Yanhong issued a document on financing innovation: promoting high-quality economic development

　　On March 2nd, Li Yanhong, Chairman and CEO of Baidu, published a signed article "Promoting High-quality Development by Financing Innovation" in People’s Daily, saying that under the background of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and accelerated evolution of industrial transformation, financing innovation has become a conscious subject of innovation. Baidu will continue to open up its sources, increase its investment in personnel training, promote more and more industries to achieve intelligent industrial upgrading, and inject more vitality into high-quality development.

　　Volvo Cars Releases Sustainable Development Strategic Objectives

　　On March 2, at the sustainable development strategy conference held by Volvo Cars, Volvo Cars announced its strategic goal of sustainable development in the future-in 2025, the proportion of pure electric vehicles of Volvo Cars will reach 50%, and the rest will be hybrid vehicles; In 2030, it became a pure electric luxury car enterprise; In 2040, it became a climate zero-load benchmarking enterprise; All pure electric vehicles will be sold online.

　　Alibaba will cooperate strategically with New Hope in agriculture and cultivate 200,000 new farmers in three years.

　　On March 2, it was reported that Alibaba and New Hope were brewing strategic cooperation in the agricultural field. The two sides plan to jointly build a new type of e-commerce business entity and cultivate 200,000 new farmers nationwide within three years. The No.1 project of cooperation between Ali and New Hope is the "First Kilometer" project. The two sides plan to jointly introduce high-quality resources of agricultural scientists and focus on the "stuck neck" problem in key agricultural fields.

　　Sany Group spent 100 million yuan to reward meritorious employees.

　　On March 2, it was learned from Sany Group that at the "Sany Festival Commendation Meeting" held on February 28, 4,195 employees, 6 earthquake-resistant and disaster-resistant heroes and 33 gold medal employees of Sany Group won a total of nearly 100 million yuan. At the same time, Liang Wengen, chairman of Sany Group, promised that when the total market value of listed companies under Sany Group reached 1 trillion, every "gold medal employee" would be rewarded with 5 million yuan.

　　Tencent released the first self-developed robot dog Max.

　　On March 3 rd, Tencent officially released the first multi-modal quadruped robot dog Max, which is fully developed in software and hardware. It adopts the integrated design of foot and wheel, has the specialty of "walking steadily on rough roads and running fast on flat roads", and can also stand on both legs to "pay a new year’s greeting".

　　Huawei executives responded to rumors of getting involved in pig raising: Do not raise pigs, empower enterprises to raise pigs with AI.

　　On March 4th, Duan Aiguo, president of Huawei Machine Vision, responded in an interview that Huawei does not raise pigs, but empowers enterprises to raise pigs. He believes that the application of AI in pig enterprises is still in a very backward state compared with other industries. "There are also large pig companies that have taken the initiative to find us and hope to use technology to empower the pig industry together."

　　BYD notified the company of 10 typical anti-corruption cases.

　　On March 4th, BYD (002594, Share Bar) released 10 typical anti-corruption cases in the fourth quarter of 2020 through its official WeChat WeChat official account "Clean BYD", including employees accepting meals and accepting kickbacks and bribes. For employees who violate the relevant provisions of BYD’s integrity, the company will not only terminate the labor contract, but also input their information into the delisting inquiry system; Units that violate the integrity cooperation agreement shall be investigated for corresponding responsibilities according to the agreement; Acts suspected of violating the law and committing crimes shall be resolutely handed over to judicial organs for handling.

　　Chairman China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.: In 2025, the high-speed rail will cover 98% of the cities with a population of more than 500,000.

　　On March 6 th, recently, Lu Dongfu, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman and party secretary of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd., said in an interview with People’s Daily that the scale of projects under construction and approved during the 14 th Five-Year Plan has reached 3.19 trillion yuan; By 2025, the national railway mileage will reach about 170,000 kilometers, including about 50,000 kilometers of high-speed rail (including intercity railway). Railways basically cover cities with urban population of more than 200,000, and high-speed rail covers 98% of cities with urban population of more than 500,000.

　　Social livelihood

　　NEWS

　　China Consumers Association released a public opinion report on consumer rights protection during the Spring Festival: amusement facilities are more negative.

　　China Consumers Association released a public opinion analysis report on consumer rights protection during the Spring Festival on March 1st. The report pointed out that although the information of "consumer rights protection" showed a curve fluctuation trend during the monitoring period, the daily number of related public opinions was relatively balanced. This year’s "Spring Festival" holiday consumption negative information is mainly concentrated in amusement facilities, movie viewing services, fireworks display and other aspects.

　　In 2020, the number of patent applications in China ranked first in the world.

　　On March 2, local time, the World Intellectual Property Organization released the latest report that the number of international patent applications submitted through the World Intellectual Property Organization will continue to grow in 2020. The number of patent applications in China increased by 16.1% year-on-year, ranking first in the world with 68,720. Followed by the United States, the number of patent applications reached 59,230. Japan, South Korea and Germany ranked third, fourth and fifth.

　　Peking University received 1 billion yuan in personal donations.

　　On March 3rd, Li Yongxin, Chairman of Zhonggong Education (002607, Share Bar) Group, donated 1 billion yuan to Peking University to set up the Peking University Zhonggong Education Development Fund. This is the largest personal donation since Peking University was founded, and it is also the largest alumni donation. Previously, Li Yongxin had donated 180 million yuan to Peking University.

　　China’s winter paralympic Olympic mobilization has developed to a thousand people.

　　March 4th is the first anniversary of the countdown to the opening of the Beijing Winter Paralympics. On the same day, Zhang Haidi, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and executive chairman of BOCOG, revealed that the number of athletes in China’s Winter Paralympics has grown to thousands.

　　China’s 500-ton engine has been successfully tested in full-condition semi-system

　　On March 5th, the semi-system test run of the 500-ton liquid oxygen kerosene rocket engine developed by the Sixth Institute of Aerospace was a complete success, and a new breakthrough was made in the development of China’s heavy-duty launch vehicle engine.

　　International information

　　NEWS

　　British people eat an all-time high number of eggs, eating nearly 8 billion eggs a year.

　　According to the British "Sun" reported on February 28th, in 2020, the British ate nearly 8 billion eggs, with a total value of nearly 1.2 billion pounds (about 10.8 billion yuan), a record high. There are about 67 million people in Britain, which is equivalent to one person eating 120 eggs a year.

　　The United Nations website publishes the sustainable development report of Guangzhou.

　　Guangzhou Daily reported on March 1st that recently, "The Road to Green Development of Vibrant, Inclusive and Open Megacities —— Report on Guangzhou Local Voluntary Statement of UN Sustainable Development Goals" (referred to as "Report") was published in the column of UN Sustainable Development Goals in official website. Guangzhou became the first city in China to publish the report on the UN website. The experiences that can be used for reference are included in this report, including Baiyun Mountain (600332, Guba) project, coastal ecological restoration project, Haizhu wetland quality improvement and biodiversity protection and restoration.

　　G20 research group on sustainable finance resumed.　

　　China Business News reported on March 1 that recently, Italy, the presidency of G20, hosted the first video conference of G20 finance ministers and central bank governors in this year. The meeting agreed to resume the establishment of the G20 Sustainable Finance Research Group to study the financial risks brought by climate change, strengthen the disclosure of climate-related information and support the green transformation. The People’s Bank of China continued to co-chair the research group.

　　Japan’s largest IT company was born!

　　According to a report by the Japan Broadcasting Association on March 2, Z Holdings and Line Company, the parent companies of Yahoo Japan under Softbank Group, formally implemented business merger on March 1, and the largest IT company in Japan was born. It is reported that the new company has about 23,000 employees and a total of about 100 million users. The search and social media services are the largest in Japan, and the company also provides online services such as advertising, e-commerce and finance.

　　2021 Hurun Global Rich List released

　　On March 2nd, Hurun Research Institute released the 2021 Hurun Global Rich List. The list shows that there are 412 new billion-dollar entrepreneurs in the world, with a total of 3,228, a record high. Musk’s wealth increased by nearly one trillion yuan compared with last year, reaching 1.28 trillion yuan, making him the richest man in the world for the first time. Zhong Shanshan, a 67-year-old farmer from Nongfu Spring, became the first China entrepreneur to enter the top ten in the world with a wealth of 550 billion yuan, ranking seventh and becoming the richest man in Asia.

　　WHO reports that one fifth of the people in the world are hearing impaired.

　　On March 2, local time, the World Health Organization released the World Hearing Report. According to the report, at present, one fifth of the people in the world have hearing impairment, and hearing loss affects more than 1.5 billion people around the world. By 2050, it is estimated that one quarter of people will have hearing problems, and nearly 2.5 billion people will suffer from some degree of hearing loss, of which at least 700 million people will need rehabilitation services. WHO recommends that ear and hearing care services should be provided for all.

　　Tokyo Olympic Games will not receive foreign audiences.

　　According to Japan’s "Daily News" report, a number of related people revealed on March 3 that the Japanese government plans not to receive foreign audiences around the audience problem of this summer’s Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Games, and is now coordinating this. The Japanese government will reach a final conclusion within this month after discussion with the International Olympic Committee and other relevant parties.

　　United Nations report: Strengthening engineering capacity is essential for sustainable development.

　　On March 4th, UNESCO held the celebration of 2021 "World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development" online and released the report. According to the report, strengthening engineering capacity is essential to achieve the goal of sustainable development. At the same time, the report analyzes the development trend of major regional and cross-regional engineering in the world under the fourth industrial revolution, and encourages the global engineering community to work together to meet various challenges and accelerate the realization of sustainable development goals.

　　UN report: 17% of global food is wasted.

　　On March 5th, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) estimated in the latest "Food Waste Index Report 2021" that in 2019, 931 million tons of food in the world were sent to the trash cans of families, retailers, restaurants and other food service enterprises, accounting for 17% of the total food available to consumers.

　　The proportion of female parliamentarians in the world has reached a record high.

　　According to the UN website, the Inter-Parliamentary Union recently said on the occasion of International Women’s Day on March 8 that in 2020, the proportion of women among parliamentarians in the world exceeded 25%, a record high, but there is still a considerable distance from achieving the goal of gender equality.

　　Today is March 8th International Women’s Day, I wish CSR divines a happy holiday, and we will share the responsibility in the future and ride the wind and waves.

　　

This article first appeared on WeChat WeChat official account: Golden Bee. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

If you catch a cold, will you carry it hard? A seemingly unremarkable cold may kill you.

Recently, a number of bloggers wrote that Ren Rongrong, the second baby mother of online celebrity in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, died of a cold at the age of 38. According to an insider, Ren Rongrong’s cold and fever caused pneumonia, and his condition developed too fast. According to the information disclosed by her husband, Ren Rongrong had symptoms of cold and fever on January 21, but he did not go to the hospital for breastfeeding. He went to the hospital on the 22nd and was transferred to intensive care on the 23rd. After six rescues, he failed to save him. He died on the 24th, and the whole process was only four days.

This unexpected tragedy sounded a health alarm for us. Why can a small cold have such a big consequence?Should I carry a cold or see a doctor? What should I do if my mother is sick during lactation? Can I take medicine?

Ren Rongrong’s related short video account in Tik Tok reads: "After 80, the second-born mother recorded her daily routine with video, with her sister in August of 19 and her sister in November of 23." This account not only records the daily parenting, but also brings goods. Its top video said, "It is an entrepreneurial treasure mother who is trying to change the status quo."

On January 21 ST, the account posted a video saying, "The second-born mother dragged on for two, and she caught a cold and had a fever during lactation. I lost my voice and cried with great pain."

However, five days later, on January 26th, the account published an obituary saying that Ren Rongrong, his beloved wife, died on January 24th at the age of 38. After that, the account said that it was ready to keep this account and leave a thought for relatives, friends and children.

On January 27th, the account again posted that: My wife’s physical condition was normal on Friday and Saturday. On Sunday, her temperature was 38.7 degrees, and she wanted to hold on to breast-feeding her child … On Monday afternoon, she was a little tired, and in the evening, she collapsed. At 8 o’clock in the evening, I said we should stop holding on and go to the hospital … On Tuesday, the doctor said that we should be sedated and anesthetized and put on the ventilator and transferred to intensive care … The symptoms showed no signs of improvement, and then she went into a deep coma, after 6 years.

The article also stated that "At present, the diagnosis conclusions given by doctors are severe pneumonia, type 1 respiratory failure and septic shock.I regret it very much. I can send it to the hospital in time if something happens to Dabao. Why didn’t you drag her to the hospital earlier when she was in trouble? "The reporter privately believed in the account and has not received a reply yet.

An insider who attended the farewell ceremony revealed that Ren Rongrong did die and her husband was handling the follow-up matters. Another Ms. Liu, who knows Ren Rongrong, told reporters that "a cold and fever caused pneumonia, and the condition developed too fast."

The 38-year-old Bao Ma died suddenly due to pneumonia caused by a cold. Many netizens were shocked and sorry about this.

There is also a doctor, Dr. V, who appeared to remind: "Don’t underestimate the cold, especially the flu. Although there is generally no serious illness, it can really kill people."

According to Dr. Yang from a hospital in Changsha, generally speaking, people who are old and weak, have weak resistance or have basic diseases are more likely to suffer from pneumonia. For example, people with basic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes will have repeated attacks of lung inflammation due to poor resistance, which will aggravate the original diseases such as asthma, bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and seriously affect the ventilation function of the respiratory system.

In addition,Nowadays, many young people are stressed and love to stay up late, which will lead to the decline of the body’s resistance. Once they catch a cold, it is easy to delay into pneumonia. If you don’t pay attention to a small cold, you don’t take medicine or treat it. You always feel that if you are young and healthy, you can delay it. As a result, you go to the doctor after a long cough or a high fever. This may be the main reason for the frequent occurrence of pneumonia in young adults.

Dr. Yang reminded that to prevent pneumonia, we should first pay attention to keeping warm when changing seasons, so as to prevent the respiratory tract from losing its ability to resist viruses and bacteria due to severe temperature changes, and then pay attention to air circulation. Especially for the elderly with weak constitution and poor resistance, they are prone to repeated infections in an environment with poor air circulation. Once the family members find that the elderly have poor spirits and poor appetite after catching a cold, they must go to the hospital to check and rule out whether they have pneumonia.

Generally, pneumonia is not serious as long as it is treated in time, but some young people don’t take it seriously after catching a cold, thinking that good health can resist the past. It is difficult to control the illness after it is delayed, especially for young people who are working overtime and tired, and continuing to work hard after catching a cold is to accelerate the "depreciation" of the body.

In addition, citizens should pay attention to a reasonable diet, light diet, eat less spicy food, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, pay attention to drinking more water, ensure adequate sleep, and pay attention to the combination of work and rest to prevent immunity from declining.

The common clinical symptoms of pneumonia mainly include cough, expectoration, chills, fever, or nausea, vomiting and dyspnea.,Critical patients may also have clinical manifestations of shock such as syncope, blood pressure drop and loss of consciousness, and even life-threatening. But according to different pathogen infection, there may be different clinical manifestations.

The symptoms of pneumonia are very similar to colds, such as cough, fever, listlessness, cold hands and feet, etc. Although there are many common manifestations, there are several basic dividing points between colds and pneumonia:

1. Anatomically. A cold is an upper respiratory infection, which refers to acute inflammation from the external nostril to the lower edge of cricoid cartilage, including nasal cavity, pharynx or larynx. Pneumonia is a lower respiratory tract infection, that is, a respiratory tract infection below the throat.

2. From the clinical manifestations. The cough of a cold is not very severe, with less sputum or easy to cough up. The onset of cold is more urgent, mainly manifested as sneezing, stuffy nose, runny nose, sore throat and so on. The cough of pneumonia is often severe and frequent, with excessive phlegm and even asthma and shortness of breath. Some patients have difficulty breathing.

3. From the treatment methods. Most colds can heal themselves, and generally do not need anti-infection treatment. The most common pneumonia is community-acquired pneumonia. According to the severity of the disease, initial empirical anti-infection treatment should be given as soon as possible.

For most healthy people, the common cold can heal itself without seeing a doctor, but please see a doctor in time if:

Although the common cold is a minor illness, there are still complications.It is generally recommended that cold medicine should not be taken continuously for more than one week. If the symptoms are still not relieved or disappeared after taking it continuously for one week, they should go to the hospital for treatment.

2. For patients with chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and lung diseases or children and the elderly with low immunity,It is very necessary to seek medical treatment in time for a cold. If not treated in time, it may aggravate the original condition or induce other diseases, such as pneumonia and viral myocarditis.

It’s not the common cold but the flu.The common cold has severe nasal symptoms but mild systemic symptoms, while the flu has severe systemic symptoms but mild nasal symptoms, which are mainly manifested as sudden onset of high fever, headache, myalgia and general malaise. The body temperature can reach 39-40℃, and there may be systemic symptoms such as chills, aching muscles and joints all over the body, fatigue and loss of appetite, which are often accompanied by sore throat, dry cough, stuffy nose, runny nose, discomfort behind the sternum and flushing on the face. Although they look similar, the course of influenza progresses faster. If not treated in time, severe pneumonia, viral myocarditis and so on may occur, even life-threatening. Therefore, influenza should be treated with antiviral drugs within 48 hours after symptoms appear.

Whether to bite your teeth or take medicine for weaning when you are sick during lactation is the most tangled problem for Bao Ma. In fact, neither of these practices is desirable. When a lactating mother is sick, she can neither carry it hard nor blindly use drugs. She should seek the help of doctors and pharmacists in time to use drugs correctly, reasonably and safely.

Wang Yuwei, a professor of pediatrics and doctoral supervisor at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, pointed out that breastfeeding mothers can continue breastfeeding during a cold, and try to choose single-component drugs when taking medicine.

Wang Yuwei explained that the most common disease of lactating women is upper respiratory tract infection, which can cause symptoms such as fever, sneezing, runny nose, sore throat and cough. There is no need to stop breastfeeding during this period, because whether it is bacterial or viral infection, when the mother has symptoms, the baby has already been exposed to the infected environment. Antibodies that have been produced in milk are beneficial to infants’ resistance to diseases. Generally speaking, the cold virus does not spread through breastfeeding, but through respiratory air droplets. In addition, breast milk is the most ideal food for babies. Interrupting breast-feeding is not good for babies’ growth and development, and it will also affect their psychological development. So mother can continue breastfeeding during the cold.

If it is a cold with fever, it is recommended that mother stop breastfeeding for 1-2 days during high fever..

There are several medication principles that should be paid attention to when catching a cold during lactation:

1. Use appropriate drugs only when the condition really requires medical treatment;

2. Try to choose single-component drugs and avoid using compound preparations;

3. Give priority to external preparations, followed by oral preparations, and finally intravenous infusion;

4. Choose the right time for medication. It is recommended to give medicine immediately after breastfeeding, and delay the next breastfeeding time as much as possible, at least 4 hours apart, so that most drugs can be metabolized and excreted in the mother’s body, and the drug concentration in the milk will be reduced;

Spring Festival travel rush is opening, and the Spring Festival is approaching. Recently, people’s mobility and gathering activities have increased, and the risk of respiratory diseases such as colds and flu has increased. Pai Paijun reminds readers that health and safety must not be relaxed!

(References: Upstream News, Image Network, Morning News, Popular Science China, Changsha Central Hospital, Nanning CDC, China Pharmaceutical magazine, comments from netizens, etc.)

Topic Host | Reporter Wu Xia

Live delivery is not an independent delivery channel. After layer-by-layer analysis, we can find that there is actually a complete supply chain model behind live delivery. Looking at other industries, we will find that the supply chain plays an incomparable role in the industry.

“Oh my god！”

"Buy it! Buy it! Buy it! "

Li Jiaqi, who just graduated from university in 2015, is still a BA (shopping guide) of L ‘Oré al Nanchang. Perhaps he didn’t expect that Taobao’s Double Eleven live broadcast could bring more than 1 billion goods five years later.

At first, many people thought that the live broadcast with goods was just the TV shopping when I was a child and moved to the Internet, which completely underestimated the economy of live broadcast with goods. During the "Double Eleven" in 2019, live delivery became an important growth point.

According to the statistics of Kaidu Consulting, during the Double Eleven in 2019, 90% of brands started live broadcasting, and the number of broadcasting businesses increased by more than 200% year-on-year. According to the "2019 Taobao Live Ecological Development Trend Report" released by Taobao List and Taobao Live,In 2018, the Taobao live broadcast platform brought hundreds of billions of goods, with a year-on-year growth rate of nearly 400%.

In addition, according to data released by Alibaba, in FY 2019, 50% of Tmall merchants used real-time streaming media to interact with users, resulting in a total turnover of more than 100 billion yuan.At present, the live broadcast of goods is that the anchor and fans form community marketing, and then the fans’ needs are directly passed on to the manufacturers, which is essentially different from TV shopping..

Since 2019, more and more people have participated in the game of live delivery. A top anchor like Viya has her own factory and cooperates with more than 40 factories, some of which deliver an average of 20,000 orders for Viya every day, but this is only a part of all her clothing orders.

In the face of huge economic benefits, the live broadcast supply chain has also formed a new species of supply chain system. The live broadcast supply chain has as many as 10 modes, including brand collection mode, factory production mode and boutique combination mode.

In Hangzhou, Guangzhou and other coastal areas, as long as there is a large enough warehouse, part of it is used as a live exhibition room, and then the goods selection area, the exhibition area and even the warehouse are separated in turn, thus satisfying the three elements of "people, goods and fields" in retail.Such a "supply chain base" is being rapidly replicated in the anchor. Closer to the goods, closer to the anchor, that is closer to the needs of consumers.

Compared with the traditional supply chain model, online celebrity, as the demand (shopping guide) end, is directly connected with the production end of products, eliminating the carrier of retailers. The original clothing wholesale business was disrupted by these "supply chain bases" brought by the anchors.

Zhejiang is a traditional distribution center for small commodities and clothing wholesale. Traditional clothing processing has always been the depth of the supply chain, which means that one style produces thousands of pieces, and it is enough to produce several such explosions in a season. And an anchor like Viya, the factory makes 30,000 pairs of jeans a day, and they sell them out in one night. The change of consumers’ shopping style directly affects the response speed of supply chain, the delivery speed of logistics and the digestion cycle of inventory. If the new model is not sold out in one month, it may be unsalable.

Supported by huge traffic nodes and driven by live broadcast, network anchors integrate consumers, e-commerce platforms, suppliers, factories, brands and online celebrity institutions (MCN) together, forming a huge supply chain network system, which is mutually cooperative and fast iterative.

This is the value brought by the supply chain with live broadcast to e-commerce, but the live broadcast supply chain is only a new species of the traditional supply chain. Supply chain management means that the operation of the supply chain is optimized, and the supply chain is made from the beginning of procurement to the satisfaction of the end customers at the least cost.

In the traditional supply chain process, there is a carrier (retail company) to purchase goods (source) from the source of production in advance, put them in the warehouse, and deliver and reorder according to the needs of customers. If you can, you can imagine that the simplest supply chain is the canteen downstairs in the community.

However, if the products are enlarged, for example, there are 80,000 SKUs (product bar codes) and 2,000 stores, then this is not a simple matter, and an extremely complex and systematic supply chain management system is needed.Apple, which has no production line, can get 58.5% profit from every iPhone it sells.It is no exaggeration to say that supply chain management, like product research and development, is a value chain gold mine for enterprises.

At the shareholders’ meeting of Hailan House in April, 2019, Zhou Jianping, the chairman of the board, clashed with the shareholders attending the meeting. The fuse was that investors questioned the high inventory of Hailan House. By the end of 2018,The inventory of Hailan House is 9.47 billion yuan, equivalent to three times the annual profit, up 980 million yuan from the end of last year and up 11.55% year-on-year..

In fact, this situation is not unique to Hailan House. Statistics show that as of September 30, 2018, among the 85 A-share textile and garment enterprises, 81 had an inventory of over 100 million yuan and 20 had an inventory of over 1 billion yuan.The total inventory of 85 textile and garment enterprises is as high as 98.564 billion yuan, which is higher than their total net profit of 17.251 billion yuan, and the inventory of almost all enterprises is much higher than their net profit.. High inventory is like the sword of Damocles hanging high, which will fall at any time and put the enterprise to death.

It can be said that whoever solves the problem of high inventory and reduces the inventory of enterprises is creating huge profits for enterprises.

Starbucks has more than 16,700 retail stores in 51 countries around the world, and about 5 million customers come to spend money every week.

In the early 1990s, Starbucks just went public, raised capital, and opened more than 1,000 stores in the United States in just 5-6 years. At the same time, the whole planning and supply system is still manual, and stores and buyers communicate with each other by calling from a distance through voice messages.

From the sales of one hundred million dollars to 700 million dollars, on the one hand, stores and businesses are developing rapidly, and on the other hand, manual and traditional communication methods are used. It is really common for stores to lack beans.

In this extraordinary period, Starbucks really survived with the unusual passion of its employees. Once the beans in any store were in a hurry, the manager of the nearby store grabbed a bag of bean human flesh and drove it over.

Tim Duffy, then head of Starbucks’ supply chain system, said:

"When you have more than 2,000 stores, we can’t send beans back and forth with 2,000 human flesh express."

Therefore, since 1995, Starbucks decided to upgrade the whole supply chain system, involving the end-to-end planning of the whole supply chain information system, from planning and forecasting to capacity management, production control, order execution, warehouse and distribution system, database management and transportation management.

Finally, Starbucks established a global coordinated supply chain. Starbucks has to go through 24 hands from coffee beans from all continents to a cup of ground coffee. Starbucks has implemented a complete evaluation system and database for suppliers, which can accurately evaluate the performance of each supplier and use the demand forecasting system to predict the replenishment of coffee in stores.

A strong supply chain supports the expansion of Starbucks. In 1999, Starbucks opened its first store in Beijing International Trade Center. By 2019, Starbucks had opened 4,100 stores in 168 cities.

It can be said that without strong supply chain support, there would be no Starbucks today..

On April 12, 2018, Liu Qiangdong said, "JD.COM is not an e-commerce company. We are a company that uses technology to build supply chain services, and we use technology to provide supply chain services for our brands! This is why we have spent more than ten years investing in building a logistics system. "

In 2017, the scale of online retail in the United States was less than $500 billion, while that in China exceeded $1.1 trillion. The largest retail company in the United States is not Amazon, but Wal-Mart, and even by 2017, the proportion of online retail will be about 8%. China, on the other hand, is a different story. The largest retailer is JD.COM, and the proportion of online retailing exceeds 16%, almost double that of the United States.

Wal-Mart is known as a supermarket for the poor, because it has established a global supply chain and logistics system, and goods can go directly from factories to stores, and then directly to final consumers. However, the goods bought by domestic consumers are constantly spread to the terminal stores by the brand through the first-class agents, and the price increase and logistics cost of intermediate transfer are finally reflected in the commodity price, and the user pays the bill.

In addition to its own self-operated e-commerce business, JD.COM has quickly transformed itself into the retail infrastructure of China through its supply chain and logistics advantages built over the past ten years. So now supermarkets, restaurants and pharmacies in any city in China can be delivered to consumers through Jingdong Logistics.

Today, with big data and cloud computing, the combination of data and supply chain will make JD.COM a smart supply chain.

Smart supply chain makes the comprehensive expense ratio of self-operated retail in JD.COM less than 10%. What is this concept?At present, there are only a few two or three companies in the world that can achieve a comprehensive expense ratio of 10%. One of them is Costco of the United States, and its expense ratio is less than 10%.It can achieve a good profit with a gross profit margin of 11-12%. And most of our retailers in China and all over the world need more than 20% to make a profit, that is, the cost is about 15% to 20%.

What is the measure of our supply chain efficiency? Today, JD.COM manages more than 500 logistics centers in China alone, and the number of our products in the warehouse is close to 5 million, while our traditional retailers generally manage 150,000 SKUs. The management difficulty of 5 million SKUs is not 30 times that of 150,000 SKUs, but may be 300 times. It is not a linear increase, but an increase in geometric index. It can be said that Liu Qiangdong is right, and JD.COM is a technology supply chain company.

The cost of socialized supply chain in our country accounts for about 18% of GDP.This is the figure in 2016, but Europe and the United States are only about 7% to 8%, and Japan can achieve 5% to 6%. Our country has a huge manufacturing industry and a large number of brand owners. Everyone has worked hard to do business, and the quality of goods is good. The gross profit margin looks high, but the result is that they don’t make money, and they are all wasted and lost by inefficient supply chains.

The GDP growth of China in 2019 is 6.1%. It is foreseeable that this incremental curve will become smoother and smoother, and it will be difficult for enterprises to make money. To survive in the fierce competition, it is the product and operating costs.

Whoever does a good job in the supply chain is saving costs for enterprises, saving costs for enterprises and increasing profits for enterprises.

And this is the value brought by the supply chain.

　
This article was originally published by @explorer. Everyone is a product manager. Reprinting is prohibited without permission.

The title map comes from Unsplash and is based on CC0 protocol.

　　The earthquake is sudden and destructive.

　　Master the correct and scientific methods of shock absorption.

　　In order to minimize losses and injuries.

　　During and after the earthquake

　　What can I do to better protect myself?

　　Master together

　　↓ ↓ ↓

　　Hiding indoors or outdoors during the earthquake?

　　When an earthquake happens, you should first keep calm.

　　Quickly judge your position and vibration.

　　If you are on the first floor of a bungalow or building

　　And the outdoor space is wider.

　　Can quickly run outdoors for shock absorption.

　　If you are on the second floor or above and the building quality is good.

　　Indoor shock absorption is preferred.

　　generally speaking

　　When the earthquake magnitude reaches 4 or above

　　There will be a feeling of bumps like waves.

　　At this time, it is necessary to consider avoiding danger indoors.

　　If you are outdoors,

　　You should avoid the building quickly

　　Overpasses, billboards, etc.

　　Stay away from dams and steep slopes.

　　High voltage lines, telephone poles, etc.

　　Which indoor areas are safer and more earthquake-resistant?

　　main wall

　　The included angle area formed by two load-bearing walls

　　Safer and more earthquake-resistant

　　By knocking on the wall, contrasting the sound

　　The position of the indoor load-bearing wall can be determined.

　　generally speaking

　　The knocking sound of load-bearing wall is more solid than porcelain.

　　Non-bearing wall

　　There is a hollow feeling in the knocking sound.

　　At home, you might as well look in every room.

　　In the event of a strong earthquake

　　You can quickly run to the nearest corner to avoid danger

　　toilet

　　If you are in the bathroom

　　You can quickly turn on the faucet and seal the sink.

　　Enhance air humidity

　　So as to replenish that wat needed by the body when breathe.

　　When hiding in the bathroom

　　Squat down and keep your head below the sink.

　　Although the bathroom is a relatively ideal shelter.

　　But its safety range is very limited.

　　Other "shock zones" at home

　　During an earthquake, try to avoid it.

　　Open a small room with a load-bearing wall

　　Next to sturdy tables, beds, sofas and other furniture.

　　It can also be used as a "shock zone"

　　You can squat in these areas.

　　Cover your head with a cushion.

　　If you hide in the nearest cabinet or refrigerator,

　　Pay attention to hiding on the short side.

　　Never turn the window or even jump off a building in a panic.

　　You can’t take the elevator either.

　　If there is an earthquake while sleeping,

　　Be awakened by shock when sleeping.

　　Be prepared for hedging immediately.

　　You can grab the pillow and buckle your ears.

　　Roll quickly under the bed and lie down.

　　Form a triangular space with two elbows.

　　And the height of the body is lower than that of the mattress.

　　There is a relatively safe "shock zone" at home.

　　There are also "minefields"

　　Expert tips

　　When the earthquake happened,

　　Never hide on the balcony.

　　Also stay away from bay windows, kitchens and stairwells.

　　If an earthquake occurs,

　　Be in a relatively unfamiliar environment

　　You should find tall and hard objects.

　　Hide beside it

　　And keep your head lower than these items.

　　Master scientific knowledge of shock absorption.

　　Can save lives at a critical moment

　　Poke video ↓

　　What should we pay attention to after the earthquake?

　　After a major earthquake, aftershocks often occur frequently.

　　Pay close attention to aftershock information

　　Some buildings may not have collapsed during the main earthquake.

　　But it may collapse during aftershocks.

　　Do not approach or use it.

　　Houses without safety appraisal

　　So as not to cause secondary injury.

　　Keep calm in times of crisis and avoid risks scientifically.

　　lookLuding is safe!

　　Salute to all rescuers!