1905 movie network news Recently, the "China Directors Exchange Program" jointly organized by the Film Bureau of the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television and Twentieth Century Fox Film Company was successfully held in Los Angeles, USA. Seven China directors, including Jason Wu, Kim-ching Luk, Zhao Xiaoding, Zhao Tianyu, Lu Zhengyu, Yang Lei and Liu Yulin, were invited to visit the headquarters of Flowserve Company. This is the second exchange activity between Chinese and foreign film directors held by Flowserve after seven directors were invited in 2016, including Urshan, Zheng Baorui, Ding Sheng, Yu Baimei, Han Yan, Cheng Er and Yang Qing.

　

Chinese and foreign filmmakers talked at the peak, "The director’s duty is to touch the audience."

The four-day exchange training was rich in content. The director group of China, representing the cutting-edge forces, not only visited the FoxWorks Studio, the visual effects laboratory and the costume props library, watched many films produced by FoxWorks in the 20th century, but also visited the shooting scene (temporarily translated by AD ASTRA) and listened to many senior executives of FoxWorks introducing Hollywood cutting-edge technologies such as visual effects, VR technology, post-production and the production process of the film industry. In the meantime, famous Hollywood directors James Cameron (), James Mangold (), wes ball (), Lv Yinrong () and shane black (Xin) shared their experiences in film creation, and had a warm exchange with China directors on the adaptation of literary works, keeping the vitality of the series and the technical challenges faced by visual blockbusters. Invited directors from China said that FOSS’s creative innovation, industrial process and corporate culture in the 20th century gave them reference and inspiration.

　

Many invited directors mentioned in feedback that Hollywood’s perfect industrial process depends on a high degree of professionalism and fine division of labor; As a director, we should grasp the core and essence of the film, that is, the soul of the film, as James Mangold, the director of Wolverine 3: A Fight to the Death, said in the exchange: "The director’s duty is to touch the audience, not just to attract people’s attention. Movies that can stay in people’s hearts for a long time are not dazzling skills, but stories that can make the audience cry, make the audience laugh and resonate with the audience. This is the essence of being a director. "

　

China’s director group visited Avatar 2 to see the scene of the card god.

Jon Landau, a Hollywood gold medal producer, personally led China’s director group to visit the Light Storm Entertainment Company directed by Cameron, and shared the behind-the-scenes stories of every important prop that once appeared in the movie of Ka Shen, such as "in the heart of the sea" in Titanic and "Avatar" Na Mei Ren 1; 1 bust, special diving helmet with microphone for shooting, and CG liquid alien creature in Abyss provide technical preparation for the liquid metal robot in China. Jon Landau explained in detail the latest cutting-edge technology used in the production of Avatar 2 for China’s director team, and took the directors to enjoy the wonderful clips of Avatar Theme Park in Orlando Disney World through the big screen. At the invitation of James Cameron, he went to the shooting set of Avatar 2 to watch Ka Shen shoot a gun battle with a virtual camera.

　

Being able to watch Cameron shoot Avatar 2 on the spot also excited the China director group. Director Zhao Tianyu said, "In a way, technology is both artistic. I am amazed by Cameron’s unremitting exploration of audio-visual language and film technology. " Director Yang Lei praised: "Seeing Cameron shooting on the set, he solved all the trivial matters on the shooting scene with extreme technology, and devoted all his energy to the origin of drama. He can pay attention to the actors’ performance, scheduling and drama conflict just like rehearsing a drama, and then confirm other technical links such as position and lighting effect through post-production."

　

Wes ball, a young technical director, shared his post-production experience of Moving Maze.

In recent years, the dystopian sci-fi movie "Moving Maze" series has been deeply loved by young audiences all over the world, and will also be released in the United States on January 26th next year. Wes ball, the director of this series, attended the exchange activities and explained his experience in Hollywood with the director group of China. As a computer special effects student, he once posted an animated short film Ruin, which he spent eight months making on the Internet. The outstanding talent shown in it attracted Fox’s attention and started the road of directing. When shooting the first "Moving Maze", he also faced the problem of limited production funds. He and the crew used the LED display screen and green screen as the background to shoot the thrilling elevator scenes in the film, and skillfully used CG and other technical means to help build their own imaginary world. His sharing of specific cases and behind-the-scenes tidbits also aroused enthusiastic response from directors in China.

　

FOSS’s visual team has always insisted that visual effect is a tool to serve directors to realize their ideas and escort films. According to John Kilkenny, president of FOSS visual effects department, and Glenn Derry, vice president, "Producers in visual effects department will support and protect directors with their professionalism. During the preparation of director Ang Lee, the FOSS special effects team filmed a fragment of a real tiger and an experimental fragment of a CG tiger that was enough to be fake, and asked director Ang Lee to identify it, which successfully eliminated the director’s doubts about the effect of CG tiger. "

　

FOSS sincerely and professionally moved the director and attached importance to cross-cultural communication and China market.

In the sharing session of series director Lv Yinrong, she described the communication process and workflow of her first live-action film "Heart of Diablo" with Fowles. She said that Fowles is a studio that gives directors full creative freedom, and they trust the director’s ability and judgment. They just need to know what kind of human and material support the director needs and provide them. Emma Watts, president of Flowserve’s production department, introduced Flowserve’s new film plan to the directors, saying that the most important thing in film production is the true and shared feelings of human beings, which is the secret to make the film cross languages, national boundaries and cultures.

　

Through the sharing between Hollywood directors and FOSS executives, the China Directors’ Group not only felt the sincerity and professionalism of FOSS’ cooperation with filmmakers, but also fully felt that as a top Hollywood studio with rich and diverse production contents, FOSS insisted on making excellent films across cultures and national boundaries, especially its emphasis on the China market and its desire to cooperate with China filmmakers. Andrew Cripps, President of Flowserve International Distribution, introduced to the director group that Flowserve has a powerful distribution system for distributing films in 90 countries and regions around the world. He stressed: "For Hollywood studios, the international market, especially the China market, is occupying an increasingly important position."

　

postscript

The exchange activities of Fox Film Company in the 20th century made the directors involved feel a lot. glad you came. And it was highly praised by the Film Bureau. In a thank-you letter to Ms. Stacy Snyder, the chairman of FOSS, Deputy Director Zhang Hongsen said: "This exchange activity has broadened the horizons of directors in China to a certain extent, enriched their creative and production experience, and helped directors to shoot better films and promote the greater development of China films … In this sense, this exchange activity is of great significance and far-reaching influence. "

　

Director Wu Ershan:

"Thank you very much for your thoughtful arrangement. Five days of study is very fulfilling. I hope that more American colleagues will share their experience in filming with us in the future. China filmmakers and screenwriters can participate in this exchange, and there is no doubt that the development of the entire China film industry will benefit. "

　

Lu Zhengyu, director and executive director of peerless master:

　"I was fortunate enough to participate in the director exchange activities organized by the Film Bureau and Fox Company. During the short five-day trip to Los Angeles, the content of the exchange was very comprehensive from top to bottom, and it was particularly important to integrate with Hollywood’s top creative thinking and industrial system and broaden our horizons. Great! I hope that fox’s activities will be held every year, so that more China film creators can participate. "

　

"Love O2O" director Zhao Tianyu:

　"This time, it was very rewarding to participate in the FOSS director group. I am most interested in how the film industry can be combined with the creativity of directors. I can clearly feel this in my communication with several directors. (For example, wes ball, the director of Moving Maze 3, and Lv Yinrong, the series of Kung Fu Panda) I think that the high standards of industry and the creativity of directors actually promote each other. The movies we saw this time all confirmed this point. I can also feel FOSS’s interest in us and the China market. I expect FOSS to implement the production plan in the China market, and I am willing to participate. "

　

Yang Lei, director of "Biography of Shark Beads":

"First of all, thank you very much, FOSS. It’s been a very, very full week. The American film industry has always led the world’s films. The global distribution plan of American movies has made us see many high-level blockbusters, so the behind-the-scenes production of these blockbusters has also become a research topic for filmmakers all over the world. This time, I met several famous directors with different styles, including James Mangold, james gray, James Cameron (three James), wes ball, jennifer yuh and shane black.

　

What impressed me deeply was that when discussing why to make a film, several directors focused on treating characters and their emotions. This seemingly simple question was actually very difficult. Director Mangaud is also discussing his different styles of films, whether it is the western film "The Battle of Yuma Town", biographies and comic film "Wolverine 3: World War I", the same starting point among them is driven by the inner feelings of the characters. Shane black is also talking about the unexpected characters in his films. After a few days of communication, my biggest experience is that behind the seemingly complex and huge film industry, the soul is always these seemingly simple characters and emotions, and in the face of complex industrial processes, we must first find the soul. With the soul, the film will live, and then we will face those complex industrial processes.

　

Of course, the film itself is built on the basis of technology, so the technical solution is very important for the film. It can also be realized from the communication with these directors that understanding technology is very important for the creation of the film. Director Cameron often decides the very important selling point in his next film with the technical guidance. When he gets the liquid rendering technology, he will conceive the liquid robot. wes ball is a director who studied computer special effects. He can skillfully use various technical means to solve his imaginary world. James gray carefully explained how he would take some shots in the space capsule. Every director will eventually face the shooting complexity brought by industrial films, so process management becomes particularly important in industrial films. In the past, the production process of our traditional films was post-production-music-mixed recording, such as writing scripts-looking for actors-preparing the crew, serving-shooting-editing, etc. Then on the basis of this traditional process, industrial films will reorder the traditional processes, such as Cameron’s filming Avatar, which will change the order of some traditional processes. Including privz process, is applied to industrial process management system. Let me deepen my understanding of the importance of process management in making a blockbuster industrial system.

　

I am very grateful to FOSS for this arrangement. I was lucky to see James Cameron’s shooting scene, my idol director James Mangold and guillermo del toro’s Story of Water. I learned about the experience of a young director like wes ball in Hollywood, and I also saw how an animator jennifer yuh stepped onto the road of directing step by step. "

　

Twentieth century fox films

In the 20th century, FOSS films produced, acquired and distributed films all over the world. The works that have been produced and distributed include Titanic, Avatar, The Fantasy Drifting of Pi, Kingsman series, series and Moving Maze series. Its film production institutions include: 20th Century Fox Film, Fox 2000 Film Company, Fox Searchlight Company, Fox International Production Company and 20th Century Fox Animation/Blue Sky Studio.

　　Starting from Minsk, the capital of Belarus, drive more than 50 kilometers northeast to Geely (Belarus) Automobile Co., Ltd.. Looking around, rows of neat factories stand on the plain. This factory, located between borisov and the famous industrial city of Jogino, covers an area of 118 hectares and has a design capacity of 60,000 vehicles per year. It is planned to increase to 120,000 vehicles in the second phase. This factory is the first automobile joint venture project between China and Belarus, and it is also the only passenger car manufacturer operating in Belarus at present. Belarusian President Lukashenko said: "China-Belarus friendship goes back to ancient times, and friends from China helped us realize our dream of domestic cars. Belarus hopes to promote the all-round development of the supporting industrial chain of passenger cars through cooperation with China and Geely Automobile. "

　　"The completion of the factory has filled the gap in the passenger car industry in Belarus"

　　The English name of Geely (Belarus) Automobile Co., Ltd. is BELGEE, which is taken from the English letter combination of "Belarus" and "Geely". According to Cheng Wenan, the company’s deputy general manager in charge of production, the Geely Belarus project started construction in May 2015 and was completed and put into operation in July 2017, with a total investment of 329 million US dollars. This is the first modern automobile production line in Belarus. In less than 30 months, Geely has completed the factory construction of painting, welding, assembly and auxiliary facilities.

　　Walking into the factory exhibition hall, three new cars attracted the attention of reporters. "These three cars are Bo Yue, Yuanjing SUV and Emgrand, which are produced by our factory respectively. They are our flagship cars and have already started mass production." Gennady Svedelsky, general manager of the joint venture company, told reporters. Svedersky, wearing a work uniform with the word "BELGEE" printed on it, has another important position — — First Deputy Minister of Industry of Belarus. The deputy minister of industry is also the general manager of the joint venture company, which shows that the Belarusian government attaches great importance to this project.

　　"For Belarus, this factory has important strategic significance," Svedersky said. "Before Geely came, China could only produce trucks and agricultural vehicles." The Belarusian government has been trying to develop its own passenger car industry for many years, and has cooperated with car companies in some developed countries. However, these companies are unwilling to share technology with Belarus, and only position it as an "assembly workshop". Finally, the Ministry of Industry of Belarus negotiated with Geely Holding Group and reached a cooperation agreement.

　　On November 17, 2017, Geely Holding Group and Belarus Automobile Factory jointly built the all-part passenger car manufacturing plant, and held the ceremony of putting into production and the first Bo Yue car produced in Belarus off the assembly line. Belarusian President Lukashenko said at the event: "Our friends in China responded to my request, helped us build such a good automobile factory, and provided low-interest loans for it. The completion of the factory has filled the gap in the passenger car industry in Belarus. "

　　Svedelsky said that both Belarus and China are very optimistic about the prospects of cooperation, and the cars produced by the joint venture factory have great market demand. As an international modern automobile enterprise, Geely also provides technical support for the joint venture company and sends experts. "Thanks to Geely, we have set up a factory to assemble engines, car seats and other related products. These products can not only meet the needs of Belarus, but also be sold to other countries. "

　　"We introduced capital and technology from China and created new jobs."

　　Into the production workshop, modern production lines and supporting facilities make people shine. Nikolai Lisovschi, chief engineer of the company, told reporters excitedly: "The establishment of the joint venture company is conducive to promoting the economic development of Belarus. We introduced capital and technology from China, created new jobs and opened up the sales market. "

　　Lisovschi used to work in Minsk Automobile Factory, which produces heavy trucks. He told reporters: "Our factory has not been established for a long time, like a child who needs to be cared for. I get along well with my colleagues in China, and I can learn a lot from them. The factory has a good momentum of development. " In Lisovschi’s view, working in such a modern enterprise is "very beautiful", and it is also a great opportunity for young people to develop their careers. He said: "Our car has a good sales prospect, good quality and fashionable appearance. Now not only our own employees buy it, but ordinary people also buy it. "

　　Tang Shengguo, deputy general manager of Geely Overseas Manufacturing Center, told reporters that Geely (Belarus) Automobile Co., Ltd. enjoys special preferential policies, including 50% discount on construction fund loans, free land allocation and exemption from land use fees. In addition, the Belarusian government also promotes the sales of Geely automobile from the policy level. For example, all government agencies and units are required to give priority to Geely.

　　The Ministry of Finance of Belarus has issued a discount policy for natural persons in Belarus to buy Geely cars. Individuals buy cars by installment, with a down payment of 10%, which will be paid off in seven years, and the annual loan interest is as low as 1.9%. Geely Automobile was also recommended as the designated vehicle for the 2019 European Youth Games in Minsk, and the Belarusian government purchased 300 vehicles at one time as service vehicles during the games.

　　Panait Mariana vasilyevich, who won the title of "Miss Belarus" in 2018, won the long-awaited prize — — White Geely SUV. She shared with reporters the feeling of driving a Geely car: "This is my first car. I drive to and from Minsk and other cities almost every day. This car is easy to control and has a lot of space inside, so it is very comfortable to sit inside. "

　　"Belarus and China are carrying out fruitful cooperation within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative"

　　Vladimir Bodmako, head of the advertising and marketing department of Geely (Belarus) Automobile Co., Ltd., told reporters that the cars produced by Geely (Belarus) currently rank ninth in sales in Belarus, and it is expected to rank fifth next year and enter the top three in three years. He said: "The cars produced by our company are loved by many users. This is a car produced in Belarus and therefore has a high degree of recognition. "

　　Lisovschi said, "Geely (Belarus) Automobile Co., Ltd. was put into production by Belarus and China in ‘ Belt and Road ’ A model of mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation within the framework. " He spoke highly of China’s Belt and Road Initiative and believed that the Belt and Road Initiative has broad prospects. He said: "Belarus strongly supports and actively participates in ‘ Belt and Road ’ There are many similarities between Belarus and China at the beginning of reform and opening-up, and it is necessary to expand foreign cooperation. China is a great country, and we are honored to have China as a strategic partner. We are willing to deepen and expand this relationship. "

　　Svedelsky also pointed out, "China has made great achievements in its reform and opening-up policy, and Belarus is also implementing policies aimed at promoting economic modernization and improving efficiency. Both Belarus and China are ‘ Belt and Road ’ Within the framework of fruitful cooperation, apart from the joint venture project of Geely Automobile, Belarus and China are still ‘ Boulder ’ A large number of similar factories have been built in China-Belarus Industrial Park. He said, "‘ Belt and Road ’ We can give full play to the respective advantages of Belarus and China, especially the experts from China brought their experience to Belarus. ‘ Belt and Road ’ Let’s get closer. "

　　(People’s Daily, Minsk)

　　When the ancients traveled, they not only had to make detailed strategies, but also punched out "friends circle"!

　　Recently, in the world’s rural tourist town — — The Shuang Yuan Pavilion in Lu Village, Balidian Town, Wuxing District, and three books written by the Shen family in the Ming Dynasty attracted everyone’s attention.These three books sort out the ancient domestic and international tourist punch points, as well as the local scenery, biology and food. They are the necessary guides for the ancients to understand the world and travel, and are called the ancient "little red books".

　　According to historical records, Huzhou has been a place of online celebrity where scholars are keen on punching cards since ancient times. Su Dongpo and others also traveled deeply here to call Huzhou. What does this ancient "little red book" look like? How did the ancients immerse themselves in tourism?

　　Essential guide to traveling around the world

　　What does "Little Red Book" look like in Ming Dynasty?

　　"The Shen family living in Lu Village was the first to systematically study ‘ World rural tourism ’ Theoretical system. " Recently, Chao journalists walked into the Shuang Yuan Pavilion in Lucun, a rural tourist town in the world. This set of three books, known as "Little Red Books" in the Ming Dynasty, was displayed in a conspicuous position in the exhibition hall.

Four Yi Guang Ji

　　Gan Yongfu, president of Zhejiang Rural Tourism Research Institute, secretary-general and resident chairman of the World Rural Tourism Council, introduced that this book system recorded the scenic spots of world rural tourism in the Ming Dynasty and the punching points of eating, drinking and playing, which was an essential guide and play strategy for people to travel at that time.

　　Since the beginning of this year, Huzhou has launched a study on the source of world rural tourism, and deeply explored the cultural characteristics and origins shared by Huzhou and the world rural tourism. In the process of combing historical materials, it was found thatShen Meng’s "A Survey of the World’s Famous Mountains and Victory", Shen Mao’s "Four Yi Guang Ji" and Shen Maoguan’s "Rare Notes on Flowers, Trees, Birds and Animals in Huayi".Each of the three books has its own emphasis, and jointly constructs the "Metauniverse of World Rural Tourism in Ming Dynasty".

　　Shen Meng’s "A List of Famous Mountains and All the Best in the World" recorded all the famous mountains and rivers, local customs, species and specialties in China at that time, recorded about 1317 famous mountains and scenic spots in Beijing and thirteen provinces in the late Ming Dynasty, introduced their geographical location, historical background, main landscapes and their characteristics, and attached the travel notes of celebrities related to these scenic spots, which can be said to be "a book in hand, the world can travel"!

A list of famous mountains and victories in the world

　　Shen Mao’s "Four Yi Guang Ji" written on the basis of his father Shen Meng has a broader vision. In ancient China, the mainland was regarded as a celestial dynasty, and other places were called "Yi Di". Therefore, "Four Yi Guang Ji" includes "Dongyi Guang Ji", "Xiyi Guang Ji", "Beidi Guang Ji" and "Hai Guo Guang Ji", which mainly describes the customs of the countries around China. Among them, Hai Guo Guang Ji is one of the important documents that record the Maritime Silk Road in Ming Dynasty in detail, and the whole book can be described as a guide to world rural tourism.

　　Shen Maoguan, Shen Meng’s eldest son, wrote "An Examination of Rare Flowers, Trees, Birds and Animals in Huayi", which is a supplement to the previous two books. He compiled all kinds of rare species, customs and curios in China and neighboring countries, and refined them in three major items: flowers and trees, birds and animals, curios. It is a set of biodiversity survey series containing "rural tourism native products".

Textual research on exotic flowers, trees, birds and beasts in Huayi

　　In fact, before the compilation of this set of "Little Red Books" in the Ming Dynasty, the famousShan Hai Jing and Shui Jing Zhu are famous travel classics in ancient times..

　　As an encyclopedia of ancient social life, Shan Hai Jing not only records dozens of dangers and solutions that may be encountered during the journey, but also records more than 100 kinds of wild vegetables and game, which is simply a survival manual and a life-saving guide.

　　What should I do if I’m afraid of getting lost and I don’t have navigation? Then the best way is to buy another book, "Shui Jing Zhu", which includes mountains, rivers, hotels and geographical routes.

　　Su Dongpo organized a tour of Huzhou.

　　The ancients also sent "friends circle" when punching cards.

　　"Huzhou has been a place in online celebrity where scholars and writers compete to punch cards since ancient times." Gan Yongfu said that the Academic Research Report on the Source of Rural Tourism in the World, released at the recent symposium on the source of rural tourism in the world,Huzhou people first coined the word "tourism"And the earliest popular rural tourism destination — — Mount Yao is also in Miaoxi, Huzhou.

　　According to Ye Mengde’s "Summer Stories" in the Southern Song Dynasty, "the mountain is the place where Xia Yi visited the hunting ground." During the Xia Dynasty, the emperor Yi Yi made a hunting tour and chose Yi Shan as his destination, which was the earliest imperial country residence in legend.

　　After the Han Dynasty, the emergence of the "Nine-grade Zhengzhi System" made the gentry who had money, leisure and motivation go out together to indulge in the mountains and rivers.

　　Shen Yue, a native of Huzhou and the founding hero of Southern Liang Dynasty, once wrote a poem "Tourism attracts tourists in the spring of next year", which is the earliest record of the word "tourism".

Miaoxi mountain

　　The ancients also liked to send "friends circle" when traveling in the countryside.If you don’t have a camera, then splash ink and freeze the beauty with paintings; Be shocked by mountains and rivers, then write a few poems to express your feelings directly.

　　The reason why Huzhou has been a punching place in online celebrity since ancient times can be seen from the "circle of friends" sent by the ancients.

　　Li Bai, a poet, traveled thousands of miles to Huzhou. In order to find Huzhou wine, he wrote a beautiful sentence, "Why should Huzhou Sima ask, Jin Su Tathagata is the back?" Liu Yuxi searched for tea and wine in Huzhou, leaving a circle of friends, which was talked about by later generations.

　　However, among the literati of past dynasties,On qiSu Dongpo is the one who plays the most call for Huzhou and has the deepest degree of immersive tourism..

Feiyingta

　　According to modern people, he is a great gourmet traveler, who likes to call friends for group tours and personally do raiders for everyone.

　　Su Dongpo once watched the lotus flowers around Huzhou with his friends, then went to Mount Xian for a drink, and then went to Feiying Tower in the evening, overlooking the whole landscape of Huzhou from the top of the tower, and made four "friends circle" in one breath, such as one — — "Suddenly, the tallest tower, poor vision. Bianfeng shines on the battlements, making the clouds float. " It is his feeling of overlooking Bianshan and Taihu Lake after he climbed the Feiying Tower.

　　Su Dongpo is optimistic and open-minded all his life. He is good at looking for "little luck" in life and looking for food on the trip, which is a great pleasure.

　　Oranges in the lake, flowers on the stream, Guzhu camellia, Meixi papaya, Wucheng frost rice, Ruoxia spring wine, Taihu silver knife … … Su Dongpo has a special liking for Huzhou’s local products, and records all these foods in his poems, which can be said to be where he swims, where he eats and where he writes.

　　In addition to Su Dongpo, Dai Biaoyuan in Yuan Dynasty also relaxed and traveled to Huzhou countryside. He punched in nanxun town and drank a bowl of wine, leaving the praise of "sail out of Dongguo and ask Nanxun for wine".

　　Sang Ma is a common item in life for many people, but the land of Sang Ma, which grows on both sides of Tiaoxi, can never get enough of it in Dai Biaoyuan’s eyes, saying, "Tiaoxi Road in June, what do people say?" Infinite things in the world, never tire is Sang Ma’s feeling.

　　Not only that, he also wrote a poem with Huzhou as the title, and the phrase "Travel all over the beautiful places in the south of the Yangtze River, and live only in Huzhou" became the best advertising language for this national historical and cultural city to celebrate the Millennium!

　　↑ Hoh Xil Tibetan antelope according to IC photo

　　Red Star Journalist Chen Yifan Du Yuquan

　　Editor-in-Chief Deng Guangguang Editor Peng Jiang

　　The much-watched wildlife protection law (the second draft of the revised draft) (hereinafter referred to as "the second draft of the draft") closed for comments on October 1. During the period, a total of 3,806 people put forward 12,057 suggestions for revision of the second draft.

　　Many experts said that in order to respond to the practical needs of wildlife protection, the second draft of the draft has been refined from the aspects of wildlife use, artificial breeding and heritage resource management, and the punishment for illegal acts has been increased. However, the classification management system of artificially bred wild animals in the second draft still needs to be studied, and the concept of wild animals still needs to be clarified.

　　▍The newly added classification and classification management system for artificially bred wild animals experts said that they should be alert to the theft of "whitewashing".

　　Since its promulgation in 1988, the Wildlife Protection Law has undergone four revisions.

　　On October 16, 2020, the 22nd meeting of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) conducted a preliminary review of the revised draft of the Wildlife Protection Law. In August, 2022, the revised draft of the Wildlife Protection Law was submitted to the 36th meeting of the 13th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) for second instance.

　　Yang Heqing, spokesman of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Commission, said that the second draft has made four major revisions: First, the measures for wildlife protection system have been refined. The second is to link up with the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC)’s regulations on the total fasting of wild animals, and increase the punishment for illegal acts. The third is to improve the prevention and control mechanism of wildlife damage. The fourth is to establish a classified management system for artificially bred wild animals.

　　Qin Peng, deputy dean of the Graduate School of Chongqing University and director of the Research Center for Ecological Rule of Law of Chongqing University, believes that "overall, the second draft of the draft has strengthened the thinking of risk management and control, and set many prohibitive regulations, hoping to provide effective support for wildlife supervision through full chain supervision."

　　According to People’s Daily Online, on August 30th, the 36th meeting of the 13th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) reviewed the revised draft of the Wildlife Protection Law. Some members of the Standing Committee, departments, localities, experts and scholars, enterprises and the public suggested that the specific measures to prohibit and allow the breeding of wild animals should be clear, and it was suggested that differentiated management should be implemented according to the purpose and use of artificial breeding, reflecting the principle of classified and graded management. Therefore, on the basis of the first draft, the second draft of the draft also establishes a classified management system for artificially bred wild animals.

　　As stipulated in the second paragraph of Article 25 of the second draft, the artificial breeding of wildlife under special state protection shall be subject to a licensing system. Artificial breeding of wildlife under special state protection shall be approved by the wildlife protection departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and an artificial breeding license shall be obtained, except as otherwise provided by the State Council for the approval authorities.

　　The third paragraph of Article 25 also stipulates that artificial breeding of terrestrial wild animals with important ecological, scientific and social values (hereinafter referred to as "three-owned animals") shall be filed with the wildlife protection department of the people’s government at the county level.

　　Civet cats, bamboo rats, etc., which are well known to the public, all belong to "three animals". Compared with the first draft, it is stipulated that the artificial breeding of "three animals" should be approved by the wildlife protection department of the county-level people’s government and obtain the artificial breeding license. In the second draft, the artificial breeding of "three animals" was changed to the filing system, which caused concern.

　　The wildlife conservation organization "Let Migratory Birds Fly" issued a document pointing out that the new version of the draft list of "Three Animals" in National Forestry and Grassland Administration in 2021 includes nearly 1,800 species of animals. If the filing system is implemented, the legal cost of illegal breeding will be extremely low. In addition, there are also voices that not prohibiting the artificial breeding of wild animals will only make more people continue to hunt and breed wild animals for profit.

　　The domestication and reproduction of wild animals have long cycle, high cost and low success rate. In contrast, the huge profits that can be obtained by "washing white" stolen animals and then changing hands will be more attractive to related enterprises.

　　According to Xinhua News Agency, some breeding enterprises and zoos will try to cover up the origin of the illegally caught wild animals, and then use their own wild animal domestication and breeding licenses and wild animal management and utilization licenses to go through legal procedures under the guise of "self-breeding" and successfully "wash white".

　　Zhou Jinfeng, Secretary-General of China Biodiversity Conservation and Green Development Foundation (hereinafter referred to as "Green Development Association"), suggested that "the national principle does not advocate any form of commercial breeding of wild animals, strict control measures should be implemented in countries where commercial breeding of wild animals is necessary, and the species of wild animals should be gradually reduced" should be added to the second draft.

　　Zhou Jinfeng believes that it is necessary to optimize the wildlife protection management system and severely crack down on the behavior of "washing white" called artificial breeding for trading and eating; Reasonably learn from the experience of the ongoing reform of the pollutant discharge permit system, and establish and improve a unified national wildlife permit system as soon as possible; It is necessary to clarify the responsibilities and authorities of relevant departments at central and local levels, appropriately expand the authority of "wildlife protection authorities", increase the "management" function, and establish and improve relevant coordination principles and joint law enforcement mechanisms.

　　▍The revised draft responds to the parrot case. What is the concept of wild animals needs to be clarified.

　　Another major revision of the second draft is to respond to the previous "parrot case".

　　In 2017, Shenzhen man Wang Peng was sentenced to five years in prison for "illegally selling precious and endangered wild animals and their products" for buying and selling artificially bred parrots. The act of "buying and selling artificially domesticated and bred parrots" is included in the scope of the crime of illegally selling precious and endangered wild animals. In March 2018, the Shenzhen Intermediate People’s Court made a second-instance judgment, arguing that the original sentence was too heavy and sentenced Wang Peng to 2 years’ imprisonment. On May 16th of the same year, Wang Peng was released from prison. The case was a sensation, which triggered a heated discussion among legal scholars and the public.

　　Many voices think that it is unreasonable for the judgment to equate artificially bred individuals with wild populations. In addition, some media combed and found that in 21 cases from 2015 to 2017, 32 people were convicted of violating the Criminal Law for buying and selling parrots, and were sentenced to sentences ranging from suspended sentences to 11 years.

　　In the past five years, "parrot cases" have occurred from time to time. Red Star News previously reported that at the end of April 2018, the owner of an aquarium shop in Jiangxi bought 8 parrots and 4 myna from a flower and bird shop, and was later sentenced to 2 years in prison for illegally purchasing and selling endangered wild animals.

　　On August 26th, 2022, Yang Heqing, spokesman of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Commission, said, "This is actually a question of how to better manage exotic species. The second review draft of this revised draft clearly manages the wild animals in the list of relevant international conventions in accordance with the relevant provisions of this law, instead of managing them according to the national key protected wild animals before the amendment. This is also a major adjustment made by this amendment. "

　　Qin Peng, vice president of the Graduate School of Chongqing University and director of the Research Center for Ecological Rule of Law of Chongqing University, believes that the establishment of a hierarchical management system for artificially breeding wild animals is conducive to reducing the occurrence of "parrot cases".

　　Paragraph 1 of Article 37 of the second draft stipulates that the list of wild animals or their products whose trade is prohibited or restricted by international conventions to which People’s Republic of China (PRC) is a party shall be formulated, adjusted and published by the State Administration for Import and Export of Endangered Species. The wild animals listed in the first paragraph of this article shall be managed in accordance with the relevant provisions of this law with the approval of the competent department of wildlife protection in the State Council.

　　However, at present, the protection of wild animals is only aimed at the wild animals included in the List of National Key Protected Wild Animals, the Appendix of CITES, the List of Three Owns and the Lists of Local Key Protected Wild Animals (hereinafter referred to as the List).

　　Zhou Jinfeng believes that this management of the List will make other species outside the List not protected by national laws. "The protection of the List is ok, but this is only a part. Be sure to add that everything that should be protected outside the Catalogue must be protected, whether it is habitat or species. "

　　He suggested that the legal definition of "wild animals" should be clarified in the second draft, and the protection of wild animals should be changed from key protection to universal protection. "It is necessary to make a clear definition of wild animals, so that it is easy to distinguish between wild animals in natural environment and native environment and some differences between artificially domesticated and bred wild animals. With the legal definition, all our work, including some laws and regulations, will make corresponding institutional arrangements because of the legal definition. "

　　Take catching earthworms with electrical equipment as an example. According to Red Star News, wild earthworms have become scarce after years of catching.

　　On July 8, 2020, the Green Development Association filed a public interest lawsuit against three home appliance enterprises in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province. The Green Hair Association believes that these businesses provide unspecified users with the opportunity to exterminate earthworms, which destroys the ecological balance of the soil in the earthworm habitat. Excessive hunting of earthworms will also bring irreversible damage to the ecological environment, and their actions have constituted environmental infringement. On August 12, 2021, the Intermediate People’s Court of Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province sentenced three enterprises to compensate for economic losses of about 1.59 million yuan and published an apology statement in the national media. Due to dissatisfaction with the first-instance judgment, three companies appealed to the Guangdong Provincial High Court. On February 17, 2022, the Guangdong Higher People’s Court upheld the original judgment in the second instance.

　　Zhou Jinfeng said that according to the current "Wildlife Protection Law", earthworms are not within the scope of protection. "But in reality, a large number of extinct capture of earthworms by motors did occur, and earthworms have a very important ecological role in soil safety."

　　He suggested that the Wildlife Protection Law should move from key protection to universal protection. "Our protection doesn’t mean that we only protect it and don’t use it at all, but how to regulate interests under the protection."

　　▍Improper release behavior is frequent, and specific measures need to be formulated for the release of wild animals.

　　In addition, the second draft of the draft also proposed that the competent department of wildlife protection be authorized to formulate specific measures for release.

　　Improper release behavior is one of the main ways of alien species invasion. According to Red Star News, the news that exotic species Crocodile Eel frequently appears in urban communities or parks has been widely concerned by the society. The reporter’s investigation found that alligator eels were sold as ornamental fish on the online platform, and the alligator eels that appeared in many lakes were probably the result of buyers’ free release.

　　China’s relevant laws and regulations have clear legal provisions on improper release. When the Wildlife Protection Law was revised in 2016, the requirement of "harmlessness" was put forward. Any unit or individual who releases wild animals into the wild environment should choose local species suitable for wild survival in the released areas, and must not interfere with the normal life and production of local residents and avoid doing harm to the ecosystem. Anyone who releases wild animals at will, causing personal or property damage to others or endangering the ecosystem, shall bear legal responsibility according to law.

　　The 11th Amendment to the Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), which came into effect on March 1st, 2021, added the criminal responsibility of "illegally introducing, releasing or discarding alien invasive species, if the circumstances are serious", and sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention, with or without a fine.

　　Regarding how to regulate improper release in practice, Qin Peng said that the division of relevant responsibilities is clearly stipulated in Article 7 of the second draft, and daily law enforcement can be carried out according to this Article and existing administrative practice. At the same time, the provisions also set a special responsibility for fines, and gave the special rule-making power to the wildlife protection department. "The subsequent system regulations will become more and more detailed, and the specific situation will wait for time to test."

　　In addition to managing the improper release behavior itself, Chen Juanli, director of northwest university of politics and law Animal Protection Law Research Center, also wrote an article suggesting that supervision should be strengthened from its related pre-and follow-up links. Including setting clear prohibitive clauses for both parties to e-commerce platform transactions and setting certain regulatory responsibilities for e-commerce platform operators. Strengthen the licensing system for the introduction of alien species and the entry quarantine system to curb it from the source.

　　Qin Peng told the Red Star journalist that, on the whole, the second draft of the draft has comprehensively responded to the actual needs of wildlife protection, and its framework structure and specific content are relatively complete. "At the same time, in order to optimize the quality of the second draft, I think we can refine the provisions on compensation for wildlife damage, and we can also promote the insurance pilot work of compensation for wildlife damage through incentives."

　　―END―

　　CCTV News:Pay attention to the weather during the New Year holiday. According to the news of China Meteorological Bureau yesterday, during the New Year’s Day holiday in 2018 (December 30 to January 1), most parts of the country are mainly sunny and suitable for travel; There will be rain and snow in parts of the northeast and southwest, and strong winds and cooling may occur in the central and eastern regions due to the influence of cold air.

　　

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that during the New Year’s Day holiday in 2018, most parts of the country will be mainly sunny and suitable for travel; There will be rain and snow in parts of the northeast and southwest, and strong winds and cooling may occur in the central and eastern regions due to the influence of cold air.

　　During the period, on the 30th, due to the influence of cold air, the temperature dropped by 4 ~ 8℃ from west to east and from north to south in eastern China, and it was 10℃ in some areas. There are 4 ~ 6 northerly winds in the Yangtze River and most of its northern areas; From 31st to 1st January, there was light snow in the eastern and northeastern parts of Inner Mongolia, with moderate to heavy snow in the eastern part of Northeast China. There is light rain (light snow at high altitude) in southwest China, western South China and western Jiangnan, and precipitation is scarce in most other areas.

　　Cold air strikes: the smog in Huanghuai, North China will improve, and there is moderate to heavy snow in the northeast.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that the foggy and hazy weather in North China, Huanghuai and other places will be the heaviest in this round on the 29th.The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a foggy orange warning at 6: 00. On the 30th, affected by cold air, the air quality began to improve. As the cold air continues to move southward, the areas with high temperature in China will gradually return to normal level.

　　When cold air strikes, the smog will gradually weaken from north to south.

　　This morning, some parts of Beijing were caught in heavy fog, with low visibility, and some expressways were closed for a time. In Shandong, at 6 o’clock this morning, the Shandong Meteorological Observatory issued a foggy red warning. In some areas of Liaocheng, Dezhou, Binzhou, Dongying, Jinan, Zibo, Weifang, Jining, Zaozhuang and Rizhao, the visibility is less than 50 meters.Affected by bad weather, as of 9: 00 am, more than 300 toll stations of G2 Beijing-Shanghai Expressway, G20 Qingyin Expressway and other expressways were temporarily closed.

　　In addition, from the morning of the 29th to the 30th, the atmospheric diffusion conditions in central and southern North China, Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan and Sichuan Basin were poor, with mild to moderate haze, with severe haze in central and southern North China, central and western Huanghuai and Jianghan. Since the 30th, the North China Plain, Huanghuai and other places have been affected by cold air, and the atmospheric diffusion conditions have gradually improved.Haze weather gradually weakens and dissipates from north to south, but due to the influence of upstream transportation, haze will be aggravated in parts of Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan and northern Jiangnan.

　　Meteorologists reminded that due to the fog and haze weather,If the public has a travel plan, it is necessary to plan the driving route in advance and check the accessible sections. The public should wear masks and hats when going out. Try to minimize outdoor sports and exercise in haze weather. Wash your face in time after returning home and wash your mouth and nose with normal saline. In some areas, visibility is low due to fog. When driving, you need to turn on fog lights, slow down and pay attention to pedestrians.

　　Tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, there will be heavy snow in eastern Jilin and precipitation in southern Jilin will end, and the temperature will drop.

　　On the 27th, due to the influence of cold air, there were heavy snowstorms along the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang. Monitoring shows that at 8: 00 am on the 28th, the snow has reached 36 cm. In addition, snowflakes also appear in western Qinghai and eastern Liaoning.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that there will be light snow or sleet in northwestern Xinjiang, central and eastern Qinghai, northern Sichuan Plateau and central Shandong from 08: 00 on December 29 to 08: 00 on December 30. There are small to moderate rains in the eastern part of Southwest China, western Jiangnan, western South China, central and eastern Hainan Island and parts of Taiwan Province.

　　Tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, there will be a large range of snowfall in eastern Inner Mongolia, Jilin and Heilongjiang, especially in eastern Jilin.For the snow-poor area of Beijing, Tianjin and Liaoning, there is still basically no possibility of snowfall in this cold air activity. With the southward movement of cold air, it will still be rainy in Jiangnan and western South China tomorrow, but the intensity is generally not strong, mainly light rain, with moderate rain in the local area. It will generally clear up the day after tomorrow, but the air will become dry again.

　　Meteorologists reminded that,There will be snowfall in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and other places tomorrow and the day after tomorrow. The public should be careful about road snow and ice, and be careful when crossing the road. Affected by cold air, the temperature in most parts of the country will drop again. The public should pay attention to cold and warmth, and be careful of catching a cold.